This document provides an overview of exodontia (tooth extraction). It defines exodontia and ideal tooth extraction. It discusses types of extraction including closed and open extractions. It outlines indications, contraindications, instruments used, and complications of extraction. Post-extraction care is also summarized, including inspection of the socket, medication, and follow-up care.
Flap Design, one from important topics in Oral Surgery Syllabus, student must be know:
Definition Incision and flap.
Principles of flap design.
Enumerate types of flap with advantages, disadvantages, indications...
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Flap Design, one from important topics in Oral Surgery Syllabus, student must be know:
Definition Incision and flap.
Principles of flap design.
Enumerate types of flap with advantages, disadvantages, indications...
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All the mistakes are rectified.Complete and precise knowledge about EXODONTIA .I would like to again focus on compatibility of this ppt;some pictures differ from original one.Animations and Transitions added are not visible .Good for beginners to understand and remember.Images give you better way to grasp.Enjoy and have fun watching this ppt.
All the mistakes are rectified.Complete and precise knowledge about EXODONTIA .I would like to again focus on compatibility of this ppt;some pictures differ from original one.Animations and Transitions added are not visible .Good for beginners to understand and remember.Images give you better way to grasp.Enjoy and have fun watching this ppt.
Definition
Types
Indications
Local Contraindications
Systemic Contraindications
Pre Operative Assessment
Dental Surgeon Chair Positions
Post Operative Assessment
Mechanical principles involved in tooth extraction
Lever
Wedge
Elevators
Role of Forceps
Principles of elevator and forceps use
Motions of Forcep's
Procedure for closed extraction
Definition: The ideal tooth extraction is painless removal of the whole tooth or tooth root with minimal trauma to the investing tissues so that the wound heals uneventfully and no post operative prosthetic problem is created.
Principles of Exodontia (teeth extraction) by Dr., Giath Gazal, 2020Giath Gazal
Indication and contra indication for extraction
Patient and surgeon preparation
Proper Chair Position for Extraction
Proper Position for operator
Steps of simple extraction
Types of exodontia
Elevators (selection + rules & techniques)
Forceps (selection + rules & techniques)
Post-extraction care & instruction
immediate denture According to Glossary of Prosthodontics terms It is a partial or complete denture, that’s fabricated to replace natural teeth immediately after extraction
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Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
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3. 10. Types of elevators
11. Principles of elevators
12.Complication of exodontia
13.Post extraction care
4. EXODONTIA
It is the branch of Oral surgery which deals with
the Extraction of Tooth.
5. ( GEOFFREY L HOWE)
The painless removal of whole tooth or
root with minimal trauma to the
investing tissue, so that wound heals
uneventfully and no post operative
complication created.
6. • Intra alveolar (closed) extraction-
1. Expansion of bony socket
2. By using lever ,wedge and wheel principle
• Trans alveolar (open)extraction-
1. Impacted unerupted teeth
2. By using surgical flap
7. • Closed method extraction
• Beak of the forceps are forced into the periodontal space to gain
the sufficient grip to the forceps
• By using tooth extraction forceps
ARMAMENTARIUM-
• Diagnostic tray + surgical tray
• Lab investigation
• Radiographs
• Anesthesia
8. • SEVERE CARIES
• SEVERE PERIODONTAL DISEASES
• ORTHODONTIC PURPOSE
• PROSTHODONTIC PURPOSE
• TEETH FROM FRACRURE LINE
• ECONOMIC FAILURE TO PRESERVE TOOTH.
• SUPERNUMERARY TOOTH
• TEETH ASSOCIATED WITH PATHOLOGICAL LESION
• ESTHETICS
9.
10. 1. LUXATION OF TOOTH
2. REFLECTION OF MUCOPERIOSTEAL FLAP
3. ADAPTATION OF FORCEPS
4. FORCED APPLIED TO THE TOOTH WITH TIOOTH EXTRACTION
FORCEP
5. REMOVAL OF TOOTH FROM SOCKET
6. COMRESS THE SOCKET
7. TO ACHIIEVE THE HAEMOSTASIS
11. 8. Inspection of socket
9. Smoothing of Hard/socket margine
10. Pressure pack
11. Suturing of the socket (if require)
12. Post operative instruction/care/medication
13. Follow up
12. Acute infection
Acute pericoronitis
Malignant disease
Irradiated jaw
Vascular abnormalities
Tooth with severe tenderness
SEVERE INFECTION AT EXTRACTION SITE
14. 1. CLINICAL EVALUATION.
• Accesss to the tooth
• Mobility of tooth.
• Condition of crown.
• Condition of adjacent teeth
• Genaral condition of Patient
15. • Associated vital structure
• Configuration of root/roots
• Condition of surrounding Bone and Structure
18. • COMPONENTS:
1. Handle
2. Hinge
3. Beak
• GOALS:
1. Expansion of Bony socket.
2. Removal of tooth From the socket.
19. • The correct forceps should be use
• Do not grasp the forceps near the Beak
• Handle should almost covered by palm and hand
• Long axis of forceps beak should be parallel to the long axis of the
tooth root
• Beaks should be placed on sound root
20. Forceps help in-
• Dilation of alveolar socket
• Luxation of the tooth
• Removal of the tooth
21. • The Physics Forceps are a unique type
of extraction system that provides:
Predictable and efficient extractions
in less than four minutes
• Atraumatic extractions where you
preserve the bone
• Elimination of root tip fractures
• No need for elevating or laying a flap
• Very little operator movement (or
strength) necessary
22. • The dental elevators:
-To Luxate /elevate the teeth from the socket prior to
application of the forceps
- It expand the bony socket facilitating tooth extraction
-To remove root remnants from the extraction socket
24. • Depend on the condition of the tooth and its mobility
• How much tooth structure remaining
• Availability and position of solid fulcrum
• Direction of the movement required
• Space available foe elevation.
25. • TO REFLECT MUCOPERIOSTEUM
• WIDEN THE PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT
• TO LUXATE AND REMOVAL THE TOOTH
• TO REMOVE FRACTURE OR CARIES TOOTH
• TO REMOVE INTRARADICULAR BONE
• TO REMOVR FRACTURED ROOT
26. • No joint
• Need a fulcrum to work
• Has to be wedged between the interdentally bone and the tooth
• BLADES- Straight type.
Triangular type.
Pick type.
30. • Most commonly used principle
• Elevators is a lever of the first order
• Fulcrum is located between the input effort and the output load.
• Effort arm must be longer the resistance arm
• Effort represented by handles of the forceps
• Resistance represented by beaks
35. • Modified form of lever principle
• Light force applied to a crank handle on to the side of wheel
creates a torque about the axle centerline to lift a heavy load.
• The efforts is applied to circumference of a wheel which turn
the axle so as to raise weight.
• Greater the diameter of the wheel, more is mechanical
advantage.
36. ELEVATORS WOEKED ON WHEEL ANS AXLE
PRINCIPLE
• WINTWR CROSS BAR ELEVATORS
• HOCKEY STICK ELEVATORS
37.
38. • WORKING BLADE 0F THE ELEVATOR IS OF THE SHAPE THAT BROADENTS
POSTERIORLY
TIP OF THE ELEVATORS IS FORCED BETWEEN THE BONY SOCKET AND THE
ROOT
THE TOOTH GRADUALLY DISPLACED OUT OF THE SOCKET SEVERING
PERIODONTAL ATTACHMENT
ELEVATORS - PERIOSTEAL ELEVATOR
STRAIGHT APEXOI ELEVATOR
ANGULATED APEXO ELEVATOR
Mechanical Advantages =Length / Height
43. Inspect the socket: Remove the Debris, Bone, tooth fragments
Irrigate the site with saline
Compress the alveolar bone with firm finger pressure
Curette out the granulation tissue from the socket and excess
granulation tissue around gingival cuff.
44. Moist pressure pack to be held with gentle pressure at least 30 min.
Do not split at least one hour
Ice fomentation ideally first 24 hours
If no infection from on third day hot saline gargle can be advisable
No spitting/ gargling/ smoking
Avoid hot food/ Alcohol for at least 24 hours
Liquid/semisolid/soft Diet
46. • Open method of extraction
• Extraction ehich can not be performed by application of tooth or
root from its bony socket
• Surgical removal of toth
• Raising of overlying soft tissue, direct vision of root and alveolar
bone
47. a) Removal of teeth lying in difficult position
b) The fracture of bone are avoided
c) Less danger of creating an oro natural communication
d) Less chances of tearing of soft tissue
e) Less chances of fracture of large section of alveolar bone
48. • Any tooth that resists extraction by closed method
• Unerupted tooth
• Fracture root at low level
• Teeth with fused, dilacerated root
• Teeth with unfavourable curvature
• Ankylosed root
• Danger of fracture of maxillary tuberosity
