Exile-in-Dapitan-1892-1896.pptx

1. Rizal’s Life:
Exile, Trial,
and Death
Analyn Ocat
Jezza Mae Mutya
Dece Dawn Ofemia
Meralyn Pantaleon
Presented by

2. Apolinario Mabini
Andres Bonifacio
Ambrosio Salvador
Padre Serrano Laktaw
Deodato Arellano

3. Apolinario Mabini
Andres Bonifacio
Ambrosio Salvador
Padre Serrano Laktaw
Deodato Arellano

4. The gubernatorial decree gave the reasons for Rizal's
deportation as follows :
• He published books and articles in other countries criticizing the
mother Spain
• Confiscated reading materials
• He dedicated his novels “El Filibusterismo” (about the life and
abusing of the Spaniards) and also and “Noli me Tangere” to
the 3 priest-martyrs named GomBurZa (Father Gomez, Burgos,
Zamora).
Arbitrary Deportation to Dapitan

5. EXILE IN
DAPITAN
(1892-1896)

7. (1892-1896)
 June 26,1892 - Rizal arrived in Manila
Apolinario Mabini
Andres Bonifacio Ambrosio Salvador
Padre Serrano
Laktaw
Deodato Arellano

8. GOVERNOR GENERAL EULOGIO DESPUJOL
• who issued a decree on july 7,1892,deporting Rizal in Dapitan
• prohibits the introduction and circulation of all the works of Rizal
in the Philippines

9.  remote town in Mindanao
 served as an outpost of the
Spaniards
 the only witness of Rizal’s fate since
July 1896
 under the missionary jurisdiction of
Jesuits from 1892-1896(4 years)

10. Father Pablo Pastels
Superior of the Jesuit Society
in the Philippines
Father Antonio Obach
Jesuit Parish Priest of Dapitan

11. CONDITIONS RIZAL NEEDED TO FOLLOW SO THAT COULD LIVE AT PARISH
CONVENT
1.That Rizal publicly retract his errors concerning religion ,and make
statement that were clearly pro-Spanish and against revolution.
2.That he perform the church rites and make a general confession of his past
life.
3.That henceforth he conduct himself in an exemplary manner as a Spanish
subject and a man of a religion

12. Rizal’s exile house

13. Capitan Ricardo Carnicero
Governor of Dapitan
Rizal’s warden and friend
“A Ricardo Carnicero”
- a poem dedicated to Don
Ricard as a gift on his birthday

14. PROJECTS, ACHIEVEMENTS, AND
CHALLENGES OF RIZAL IN DAPITAN

15. Wins in Manila Lottery
Won the second prize P20,000
2,600 - Rizal’s share
2,000 - gave to his father
200- gave to his friend Basa in Hongkong
• Part of his share was used to buy land in Talisay
• He built house, a clinic and a school
• He never drank hard liquor and never smoked, but he
was a lottery addict

16. Rizal and Pastells debate on religion
• Father Pastells sent him a book by Sarda, with advice that the latter, (Rizal) should desist
from his majaderas (foolishness) in viewing religion from the prism of individual judgement
and self-esteem
• As he wrote to Blumentritt : “I want to hit the friars, but only friars who utilized religion not
only as a shield, but also as a weapon, castle, fortress, armor etc. I was forced to attack
their false and superstitious religion in order to fight the enemy who hid himself behind it. “

17. According to Rizal….
• “Individual judgement is a gift from God and everybody should use it like a lantern to show the way
and that self-esteem, if moderated by judgement, saves man from unworthy acts” .
• “Religions may vary, but they all to the light”
• In spite of their religious differences, Rizal and Pastells remained good friends
• Father Pastells gave Rizal a copy of the Imitation of Christ (a famous Catholic book by Father
Thomas a Kempis )e.
• Rizal gave Father Pastells a bust of St. Paul which he had mad

18. Rizal and Juan Lardet
• Lardet wrote a letter to Antonio Miranda (merchant and friend of Rizal).
• The letter statement that : If he were a truthful man, he would have told me that the number
not included in the account were bad
• Miranda forwarded Lardet’s better to Rizal.
• Immediately, Rizal confronted Lardet and challenged him a duel
• Heeding the commandant’s advice, Lardet wrote an apology letter.
• Rizal as a gentle and well-versed pundonor (Hispanic Chivalric code) accepted the apology,
and restored their good relationship

19. Rizal and Father Sanchez (favorite teacher in Ateneo De Manila)
• Only Spanish priest to defend Rizals Noli Me Tangere in public
• Rizal could not be convinced by his former a beloved teacher
• Rizal gave a precious birthday gift a manuscript entitled “Estudios sobre la lengua
tagala” - studies on the tagalog.
(A tagalog grammar which Rizal wrote and which he dedicated to his beloved former
teacher )
Idyllic life in dapitan
• Had an exemplary life Idyllic in serenity
• His family took turns in visiting him to assuage the isolated outpost of
Spanish power in the moroland.
• Among them were his mother Trinidad, Maria, Narcisa
• Had also another house for his school boys, hospital for his patients

20. Rizal’s Encounter with the Friar’s Spy
• A spy named “Pablo Mercado” and posing as a relative, secretly visited Rizal at his
house on the night of November 3,1893
• He introduced himself as a friend and relative, showing photo and a pair of buttons with
the initials PM as evidence of his services as a secret courier of Rizal’s letters and writing
for the patriots in Manila
• Rizal went to the comandancia and denounced the impostor to Captain Juan Sitges (who
succeeded Captain Carnicero on May 4, 1893)
• Sitjes ordered the arrest of Pablo Manalo
• During the investigation, the real name of Pablo Manalo was Florencio Namanan.
• He was hired by the Recollect friars to a secret mission in Daptian to introduce himself to
Rizal as a friend and relative, to spy on Rizal’s activities, and to filch certain letters and
writings of Rizal which might incriminate him in the revolutionary movement.

21. • Captain Juan Sitjes ordered the arrest of Pablo Manalo
• During the investigation, the real name of Pablo Manalo was Florencio Namanan.
• He was hired by the Recollect friars to a secret mission in Daptian to introduce himself to Rizal as a
friend and relative, to spy on Rizal’s activities, and to filch certain letters and writings of Rizal which
might incriminate him in the revolutionary movement.
• Strangley ,Captain Sitjes suddenly quashed the investigation and released the spy. He promptly
forwarded the transcripts of the investigation together with his official report to governor general
blanco who in turn , kept these documents as highly confidential

22. As a Physician
• He operated his mother's right eye.
• The operation was successful, but Doña Teodora, ignoring her son’s instructions, removed
the bandages from her eyes, there by causing the wound.
• Fortunately, the infection was arrested so that Doña Teodora's sight, was fully restored
became interested in local medicine and in the use of medicinal plants, who could not afford
to buy imported medicine, he prescribed the local medicinal plants.
Community projects for Dapitan
• Rizal holds the title of expert surveyor (Perito agrimensor) Perito Agrimensor - a title granted
to him in Ateneo for taking a vocational course .

23. Community Projects for Dapitan
• With the help of Rizal's students, he invented the town's first water system for their drinking
and irrigation
• He spent many months draining -up lamp posts in every corner of the town
• With the help of father Sanchez, he remodeled the town plaza to enhance a huge map of
Mindanao out of earth stones and grass to be used for geography class
As a Teacher
• 1893 - he established a school which existed until the end of his exile in July 1896
• It began with 3 pupils to 16 to 20 pupils
• Rizal taught his students reading, writing Spanish and English Language, geography,
history and mathematics, industrial work, nature study, morals, and gymnastics
• He trained them to collect specimens of plants and animals, to love work, and to behave like
men
• During recess, the pupils built fires in the garden to drive away the insects pruned the fruit
trees, and manured the soil.
• Outside class hours, Rizal encouraged them to play games to strengthen their bodies. They
had gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, stone-throwing, swimming, arnis, and boating.

24. Hymn to Talisay
• Talisay - where he conducted his school at his home, farm, and hospital
• How favorite rendezvous with his boys was under a talisay tree, after which, he wrote a poem
Hymno a Talisay, for his pupil to sing
Contributions to Science
• - With his baroto (sail boat) and accompanied by his pupils, he explored the jungles and coasts,
seeking specimens of insects, birds, snakes, lizards, frogs, shells and plants
• He sent these specimens to the museum of Europe especially the Dresden Museum
• In payment, the European scientist sent him scientific books and surgical instruments.
• Rizal built up a rich collection of concology which consisted of 346 representing 203 species.
Some rare specimen he discovered which were named in his honor by the scientists :
Draco rizali ( flying dragon)
Apogonia rizali (small beetle)
Rhacophorus rizali (rare frog)

25. Rizal also conducted anthropological, ethnographical, archeological and geographical
studies.
There was no limit to his scientific versatility
Linguistic Studies
• he learned Bisaya, Subanum, and Malay languages
• he wrote a Tagalog grammar
• he knew 22 languages
Artistic Works in Dapitan
-he contributed his painting skill to the sisters of Charity who were preparing the
sanctuary of the Holy Virgin in their private chapel.

26. - Rizal made sketches of persons and that attracted him in Dapitan
- One day in 1894, some of his pupils secretly went to Dapitan in a boat from Talisay;
- A puppy of Rizal's puppy Syria tried to follow and was eaten by a crocodile. To stress the moral of the
incident, he modeled a statuette called..
"The Mother's Revenge "
- a statuette representing the mother -dog killing the crocodile, by way of avenging her lost puppy.
Other sculptural works:
Bust of Father Geurrico (his Ateneo professor)
The Dapitan Girl
Wood Carving of Josephine Bracken
Bust of St. Paul( gift to Father Pastells)
Rizal as a Farmer
- He bought 16 hectares of land in Talisay where he built his home, school, hospital and planted cacao,
coffee, sugar cane, coconut, fruit trees.
- Later, he acquired in one more lands until his total holding reached 70 hectares
- He introduced modern methods of Agriculture which he had observed in Europe and America
- His pupils helped him in the daily farm labor
- He encouraged the Dapitan farmers to discard their primitive system of tillage and adopt the modern
agricultural method
- He imported agricultural machinery from the U.S

27. As a Businessman
• In partnership with Ramon Carreo (a Dapitan merchant), he made profitable business ventures
in fishing, copra, and hemp industries
• He invited his relatives, particularly Saturnina and Hidalgo to come to Mindanao
• Hemp industry- most profitable business venture of Rizal in Dapitan
• May 14,1893 - Rizal made a business partnership with Ramon Carreon in lime manufacturing
• To break the Chinese monopoly on business in Dapitan, Rizal organized on January 1, 1895
the Cooperative Association of Dapitan Farmers
Rizal's Inventive Ability
• During his exile, he invented a (wood) machine for making bricks
• this machine could manufacture about 6,000 bricks
"My Retreat "(Mi Retiro)
• a beautiful poem his mother requested
• it is about his serene life as an exile in Dapitan
• acclaimed by literary critics as one of the best ever penned by Rizal

28. Rizal and Josephine Bracken (18 year old Irish girl)
• Rizal had been known to be the one of the best ophthalmologist
• Upon hearing this, George Tauffer who was blind, together with her
adopted daughter, Josephine Bracken, travelled from Hongkong to
Dapitan.
• Rizal fell in love at first sight. They became husband and wife even if it
was against Father Obach and both their relatives
• In the early part of 1896 Rizal was extremely happy because Josephine
was expecting a baby.
• Unfortunately, he played a prank on her, frightening her so that she
prematurely have birth to an 8 month old baby boy who lived for only three
hours
Francisco - name of their lost son

29. Rizal and the Katipunan ( secret revolutionary
society founded on July 7, 1892)
• Revolution started in Manila in 1896
• Dr. Pio Valenzuela together with Raymundo
Mata (blind man), visited in Dapitan to inform
Rizal of the plan of the Katipunan to launch as
revolution for freedom's sake.
• Rizal objected to Bonifacio's audacious project
to fall down the country in bloody revolution
Two reasons why he believe it was premature
1. The people are not ready for revolution
2. Arms and funds must first be collected
before raising the cry of revolution
• He also refused to save him because he had
given his word of honor to the Spanish
authorities and he did not want to break it

31. Volunteer as a Military Doctor in Cuba
• Rizal sent letters to Governor- General Ramon Blanco from 1894 to
1895
• He wanted his case to reviewed so Blumentritt proposed that Rizal may
offer his service as a surgeon to the Spanish government in Cuba to end
his exile
• That time, Cuba was also a colony of Spain and was raged by a yellow -
fever epidemic
• A letter from Governor General Blanco dated : July 1, 1896

32. arrived in Dapitan.
• This letter, which reached him on July 3th
"The Song of the Traveller" (El Canto del Viajero)
• his heart -warming poem for his joyous thought resuming his travels as the Malacañang
approved his request.
Adios, Dapitan
• He was accompanied by Josephine, Narcisa, Angelica (Narcisa's daughter), his three
nephews, and six pupils
• As farewell music, the town brass band strangely played the dolorous funeral March of Chopin

33. Thank
YOU!!