Rizal was exiled to Dapitan from 1892-1896 where he lived a productive life as a physician, educator, inventor, farmer, and businessman. He established a school and hospital, helped develop infrastructure like water systems, and engaged in various commercial ventures. Rizal also continued his scientific, artistic, and linguistic pursuits. He had a romantic relationship with Josephine Bracken but was unable to marry due to opposition. Rizal offered his services as a doctor in Cuba but was arrested upon returning to Manila and eventually executed.

1. Rizal’s Exile
in Dapitan
Prepared by: Benz Karim

2. • Rizal was brought under a maximum
security to the steamer S.S. Cebu headed
by Capt. Delgras on the 15th of July,
1892, which sailed to Dapitan.

3. • Rizal carried a letter by Father Pablo
Pastells, Superior of the Jesuit Society in
the Philippines, to Father Antonio Obach,
Jesuit missionary in Dapitan.
Fr . Pablo Pastells Fr. Antonio Obach

4. 1.That Rizal publicly retract his errors concerning
religion, and make statements that were clearly pro-
Spanish and against revolution.
2.That he perform the church rites and make a
general confession of his past life.
3.That henceforth he conduct himself in an
exemplary manner as a Spanish subject and a man of
religion.
Father Superior Pastells informed Father Obach that Rizal
could live at the parish convent on the following conditions:

5. However, Rizal
did not agree . . .

6. • He lived in the house of the commandant,
Captain Carnicero.
Consequently . . .
Capitan Ricardo Carnicero
 The relations between
Carnicero and Rizal were warm
and friendly.
 Rizal admired the kind, generous
Spanish captain.
 He then wrote a poem, A Don
Ricardo Carnicero, on August 26,
1892 on the occasion of the
captain's birthday.

7. Home of Commandant
Carnicero

8. Rizal's share
Wins in Manila Lottery
P 20 000
On September 21, 1892 the mail boat Butuan was approaching the town
of Dapitan carrying a Lottery ticket No. 9736 jointly owned by Captain
Carnicero, Dr. Rizal and Francisco Equilior won the second prize of P20,000 in
the government-owned Manila Lottery.
P 6 200
P 2 000
Rest of his
moneyP 200
He gave to
his father
To Basa in
Hong Kong
He invested by
purchasing agricultural
lands along the
coast of Talisay.

9. Wins in Manila Lottery
"This was his only vice,"
commented Wenceslao E.
Retana, his first Spanish
biographer and former
enemy.
Three (3) pesetas – amount
Rizal allotted for lottery
tickets every month

10. Rizal-Pastells Debate on Religion
 The debate started when Pastells sent Rizal a book
by Sarda along with an advice that Rizal should desist
from his majaderas (foolishness) in viewing religion
from the perspective of individual judgement and self-
esteem.
 The debate can be read in four (4) letters. Rizal was
bitter against the friars because they commit abuses
under the cloak of religion. Father Pastells tried to
bring back to Catholicism Rizal by telling him that
human intelligence is limited, thus he needs the
guidance of God.

11. Rizal-Pastells Debate on Religion
 Pastells gave Rizal a copy of
Imitacion de Cristo by Fr. Thomas
Kempis.
Behind the debate, Pastells and Rizal were
friends as evidently pictured when:
 Rizal gave Pastells a bust of St. Paul
which he had made Rizal continued to
hear mass and celebrate religious
events.

12. Rizal Challenges a Frenchman to a Duel
Mr. Juan Lardet – a
French businessman
whom Rizal had a
conflict.

13. Rizal and Father Sanchez
In his aspiration to reconcile Rizal with the Church,
Father Pastells sent to Dapitan:
1. Father Obach, Cura of Dapitan
2. Fr. Jose Vilaclara, Cura of
Dipolog
3. Fr. Francisco Paula de Sanchez,
Rizal’s favorite teacher at Ateneo
de Manila
Fr. Francisco Paula de Sanchez
• Estudios sobre la lengua tagala –
manuscript which Rizal gave to Sanchez
on his birthday (Study of the Tagalog
language)

14. Idyllic Life in Dapitan
Among his family members who visited Rizal were:
1. His mother
2. His sisters Trinidad, Maria and Narcisa
3. Nephews Teodosio, Estanislao, Mauricio and Prudencio
Rizal built a house by the
seashore of Talisay surrounded
by fruit trees, a school for boys,
and a hospital for his patients.

15. Rizal’s Encounter with the Friar’s Spy
o Pablo Mercado – assumed name of the spy who visited Rizal at his house and
pretended to be a relative by showing a photo of Rizal and a pair of buttons
with the initials P.M. as evidence of kinship.
oThe spy offered to be Rizal’s courier of letters for the patriots in Manila.
Rizal became suspicious and wanted to throw the spy outside but considering his
values and late hour of the night, he offered the spy to spend the night at his
house. The next day, he sent the spy away.
oThe spy stayed in Dapitan and spread talks among the people that he was a
relative to Rizal. Rizal went to the comandancia and reported the impostor to
Captain Juan Sitges (successor of Carnicero) Sitges ordered Pablo Mercado’s
arrest and told Anastacio Adriatico to investigate him immediately.
o Florencio Namanan a.k.a Pablo Mercado, single and about 30 years old who was
hired by the Recollect friars to spy on Rizal’s activities .The secret mission of
Pablo Mercado was not an assassination attempt but espionage only.

16. Rizal as a Physician

17.  Dona Teodora and Maria lived with Rizal for a year and
a half. It is here when Rizal operated his mother’s right
eye. Though the operation was successful, his mother had
a wound infection after ignoring Rizal’s instruction of not
removing the bandages. However, the infection was
immediately treated.
Rizal as a Physician
 Don Ignacio Tumarong Rizal’s patient who was able to
see again after his operation;-he paid Rizal P3,000
 Don Florencio Azcarraga, rich haciendero of Aklan who
was cured of eye ailment, in turn he gave Rizal a cargo of
sugar.
 Rizal prescribed medicinal plants to his poor patients.

18. Rizal as an Engineer

19. • As a perito agrimensor (expert surveyor), Rizal
applied his engineering knowledge by constructing a
system of waterworks to furnish clean water to the
townspeople.
Talisay Water System

20.  Mr. H.F. Cameron, an American engineer who praised
Rizal for his engineering ingenuity.
Rizal as an Engineer
 Rizal had drained the marshes to get rid of malaria
that was infesting Dapitan; equipped the town with
lighting system using P500 one of his patients paid him.
The lighting system consisted of Coconut oil lamps;
beautified the town of Dapitan by remodelling the town
plaza and making a huge relief map of Mindanao out of
earth, stones and grass.

21. Rizal as an Educator

22.  Rizal established in Dapitan a school. It began with 3 pupils
who increased to 16 and eventually 21. 16 of his pupils did not
pay tuition. Instead of charging them fees, Rizal made them
work in his gardens and construction projects.
 Formal classes were between 2:00 p.m. and 4:00 p.m. He
also applied the “emperor” system like that of Ateneo.
 During recess, pupils built fires to drive away insects,
pruned fruit trees and manured the soil. Outside class hours,
students had gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, stone- throwing,
swimming, arnis and boating.
 Hymn to Talisay - a poem Rizal wrote in honor of Talisay
which he made his pupils sing.
Rizal as an Educator

23. Rizal as a Scientist

24. Contributions to Science
Rizal sent specimens he found to the museum of
Europe especially the Dresden Museum. In turn,
he received scientific books and surgical
instruments.

25. He had built up a rich collection
of conchology (consisting of 346
shells of 203 species)
He had discovered rare specimens like:
Rhacophorus rizali
(a rare frog)
Draco rizali (a
flying dragon)
Apogonia rizali
( a small beetle)

26. Rizal as a Linguist

27.  Continuing his study of languages, Rizal learned in
Dapitan:
1.Bisayan
2.Subanun
3.Malay languages
Rizal as a Linguist
 He knew by that time 22 languages as follows Tagalog, Malay,
Ilokano, Hebrew, Bisayan, Sanskrit, Subanun, Dutch, Spanish,
Catalan Latin, Italian, Greek, Chinese, English, Japanese, French
, Portuguese, German, Swedish, Arabic, Russian.

28. Rizal as an Artist

29. To pursue his artistic activities, Rizal:
1. Contributed paintings to the Sisters of Charity who were
preparing the sanctuary of the Holy Virgin.
2. Made sketches of persons and things that attracted him in
Dapitan.
4.Constructed a statue of a girl called “The
Dapitan Girl”, a woodcarving of Josephine
Bracken.
5.Made a bust of St. Paul for Father Pastells .
3.Modeled a statuette called “The
Mother’s Revenge” to stress the
moral of the incident where a
puppy of his dog, Syria, was eaten
by a crocodile.

30. Rizal as Farmer

31.  Rizal acquired total land holdings of 70 hectares where
6,000 hemp plants, 1,000 coconut trees and numerous
fruit trees, sugarcane, corn, coffee and cacao were
planted.
 He planned to establish an agricultural colony in Sitio
Ponot because it was ideal for raising cacao, coffee,
coconuts and cattle. However, this did not materialize due
to lack of support from the government.
Rizal as Farmer

32. Rizal as Businessman

33. Rizal as Businessman
 Ramon Carreon – Rizal’s business partner in Dapitan Rizal made
profitable business ventures in fishing, copra and hemp industries.
 Hemp industry – Rizal’s most profitable business.
 Once he shipped 150 bales of hemp to Manila. He purchased hemp in
Dapitan at P7 and 4 reales per picul and he sold it to Manila at P10 and
4 reales.
 Rizal also engaged in lime manufacturing. Their lime burner had a
monthly capacity of more than 400 bags of lime.
 He organized the Cooperative Association of Dapitan Farmers to
break Chinese monopoly.

34. Rizal as Inventor

35. Rizal as Inventor
1. Cigarette lighter which he sent
as a gift to Blumentritt called
“sulpukan”
Among Rizal’s inventions were:
2. A wooden machine for
making bricks.

36. “My Retreat”
Upon restoring her eyesight, Dona Teodora
returned to Manila. Seeing how busy Rizal is, she
regretted neglecting her muses. She requested
Rizal to write poetry. As a response, Rizal wrote
“Mi Retiro” relating his serene life as an exile in
Dapitan.

37. Rizal and Josephine Bracken

38. The death of Leonor Rivera left a poignant void in Rizal’s heart.
In his loneliness, he met Josephine…
 Irish girl
born in Hong Kong.
James Bracken and
Elizabeth Jane MacBride –
Josephine’s parents who are
both Irish in citizenship.
Josephine Bracken

39. Mr. George Taufer – man who
adopted Josephine after her
mother died of childbirth.
Mr. George Taufer…
 Mr. Taufer became blind so he
sought for an ophthalmic
specialist.

40.  Rizal and Josephine Bracken decided to get married but
Father Obach refused to marry them without the
permission of Bishop of Cebu.
 Hearing of the planned marriage and unable to endure
the thought of losing Josephine, Mr. Taufer tried to
commit suicide by cutting off his throat with a razor but
Rizal was able to prevent this.
 Manuela Orlac – Filipina companion who accompanied
Josephine Bracken to Dapitan.
Rizal and Josephine Bracken

41. o The two were happy for they were expecting for a baby.
However, Rizal played a prank on Josephine making her give
birth to an eight-month baby boy. The baby lived for only
three hours. He was named “Francisco” in honor of Rizal’s
father.
o To avoid a tragedy, Josephine accompanied Mr. Taufer back
to Manila. Mr. Taufer returned to Hong Kong alone while
Josephine stayed with the Rizals in Manila. Having no priests
to marry them, Rizal and Josephine married themselves
before the eyes of God
Rizal and Josephine Bracken

42. Rizal and the Katipunan
 Pio Valenzuela – emissary to Dapitan in
order to inform Rizal of the plan of
Katipunan during the meeting at a little
river called Bitukang Manok.
 Venus – steamer Valenzuela boarded
to reach Dapitan.
 Raymundo Mata – blind man who came
with Valenzuela to camouflage his
mission. Rizal objected Bonifacio’s
project because: 1.The people are not
ready for a revolution. 2. Arms and
funds must first be collected before
raising the cry of revolution.

43. Volunteers as Military Doctor in Cuba
 When Cuba was under revolution and
raging yellow fever epidemic, Rizal
wrote to Governor General Ramon
Blanco offering his services as military
doctor.
 Governor Blanco later notified Rizal
of the acceptance of the offer. The
notification came along with an
instruction of acquiring first a pass for
Manila from the politico-military
commander of Dapitan.
Governor General Ramon Blanco

44.  Upon receiving the acceptance of his offer to go to
Europe then to Cuba to help in the curing of patients
suffering yellow fever, he wrote a poem “El Canto del
Viajero”.
“The Song of the Traveler”
 España – steamer which brought Rizal to Manila from
Dapitan. Rizal was accompanied by Josephine, Narcisa,
Angelica (Narcisa’s daughter), his three nephews and six
pupils.
 As farewell, the town brass of Dapitan played the
dolorous Funeral March of Chopin. He stayed in Dapitan for
four years, thirteen days and a few hours.

45. The End…