La Liga Filipina was an organization created by Jose Rizal in 1892 in Manila to unite the Filipino people and promote reforms. It had Ambrosio Salvador as its president and aims to protect Filipinos from injustice and encourage education. However, the group split with radicals like Bonifacio forming a new secret society. Rizal was then exiled to Dapitan where he worked as a teacher and doctor, helping the community with infrastructure projects. While in exile, he continued his writings and formed a relationship with Josephine Bracken, but objected to the revolutionary plans of the Katipunan.
Rizal Chapter 22: Exile in Dapitan (Gregorio F. Zaide)Arvin Garing
Rizal lived in exile in far-away Dapitan, a remote town in Mindanao, which was under the missionary jurisdiction of the Jesuits, from 1892 to 1896. This four-year interregnum in his life was tediously unexciting, but was abundantly fruitful with varied achievements. He practices medicine, pursued scientific studies, continued his artistic and literary works, widened his knowledge of languages, established a school of boys, promoted community development projects, invented a wooden machine for making bricks, and engaged in farming and commerce. Despite his multifarious activities, he kept an extensive correspondence with his family, relatives, fellow reformists, and eminent scientists and scholars of Europe, including Blumentritt. Reinhold Rost, A.B. Meyer, W. Joest of Berlin, S. Knuttle of Stuttgart, and N.M. Keight of Prague.
Beginning of Exile in Dapitan. The steamer Cebu which brought Rizal to Dapitan carried a letter from Father Pablo Pastells, Superior of the Jesuit Society in the Philippines, to Father Antonio Obach, Jesuit parish priest of Dapitan. In this letter, Father Superior Pastells informed Father Obach that Rizal could live at the parish convent on the following conditions:
1. "That Rizal publicly retract his errors concerning religion, and make statements that were clearly pro-Spanish and against revolution.
2. "That he perform the church rites and make a general confession of his past life.
3. "That henceforth he conduct himself in an exemplary manner as a Spanish subject and a man of religion."
Rizal did not agree with these conditions. Consequently, he lived in the house of the commandant, Captain Carnicero. The relations between Carnicero (the warden) and Rizal (the prisoner) were warm and friendly.
House of Captain Carnicero.jpg) the house Rizal used to live.
Carnicero was charmed by Rizal's fine qualities and personality. They ate together at the same table and had many friendly conversations. Carnicero came to know that Rizal was not a common felon, much less a filibustero. He gave good reports on his prisoner to Governor Despujol. He gave him complete freedom to go anywhere, reporting only once a week at his office, and permitted Rizal, who was a good equestrian, to ride his chestnut horse.
Wins in Manila Lottery. On September 21, 1892, the sleepy town of Dapitan burst in hectic excitement. The mail boat Butuan was approaching the town, with colored pennants flying in the sea breezes. Captain Carnicero, thinking that a high Spanish official was coming, hastily dressed in gala uniform, ordered the town folks to gather at the shore, and himself rushed there, bringing a brass band.
The mail boat, Butuan, brought no Spanish officials but the happy tidings that the Lottery Ticket No. 9736 jointly owned by Captain Carnicero, Dr. Rizal, and Francisco Equilor (Spanish resident of Dipolog, a neighboring town of Dapitan) won the second prize of P20, 000 in the government-owned Manila Lottery.
Rizal Chapter 22: Exile in Dapitan (Gregorio F. Zaide)Arvin Garing
Rizal lived in exile in far-away Dapitan, a remote town in Mindanao, which was under the missionary jurisdiction of the Jesuits, from 1892 to 1896. This four-year interregnum in his life was tediously unexciting, but was abundantly fruitful with varied achievements. He practices medicine, pursued scientific studies, continued his artistic and literary works, widened his knowledge of languages, established a school of boys, promoted community development projects, invented a wooden machine for making bricks, and engaged in farming and commerce. Despite his multifarious activities, he kept an extensive correspondence with his family, relatives, fellow reformists, and eminent scientists and scholars of Europe, including Blumentritt. Reinhold Rost, A.B. Meyer, W. Joest of Berlin, S. Knuttle of Stuttgart, and N.M. Keight of Prague.
Beginning of Exile in Dapitan. The steamer Cebu which brought Rizal to Dapitan carried a letter from Father Pablo Pastells, Superior of the Jesuit Society in the Philippines, to Father Antonio Obach, Jesuit parish priest of Dapitan. In this letter, Father Superior Pastells informed Father Obach that Rizal could live at the parish convent on the following conditions:
1. "That Rizal publicly retract his errors concerning religion, and make statements that were clearly pro-Spanish and against revolution.
2. "That he perform the church rites and make a general confession of his past life.
3. "That henceforth he conduct himself in an exemplary manner as a Spanish subject and a man of religion."
Rizal did not agree with these conditions. Consequently, he lived in the house of the commandant, Captain Carnicero. The relations between Carnicero (the warden) and Rizal (the prisoner) were warm and friendly.
House of Captain Carnicero.jpg) the house Rizal used to live.
Carnicero was charmed by Rizal's fine qualities and personality. They ate together at the same table and had many friendly conversations. Carnicero came to know that Rizal was not a common felon, much less a filibustero. He gave good reports on his prisoner to Governor Despujol. He gave him complete freedom to go anywhere, reporting only once a week at his office, and permitted Rizal, who was a good equestrian, to ride his chestnut horse.
Wins in Manila Lottery. On September 21, 1892, the sleepy town of Dapitan burst in hectic excitement. The mail boat Butuan was approaching the town, with colored pennants flying in the sea breezes. Captain Carnicero, thinking that a high Spanish official was coming, hastily dressed in gala uniform, ordered the town folks to gather at the shore, and himself rushed there, bringing a brass band.
The mail boat, Butuan, brought no Spanish officials but the happy tidings that the Lottery Ticket No. 9736 jointly owned by Captain Carnicero, Dr. Rizal, and Francisco Equilor (Spanish resident of Dipolog, a neighboring town of Dapitan) won the second prize of P20, 000 in the government-owned Manila Lottery.
Rizal returned home after five years of stay in Europe. He cured his mother's eye, participated in the community, land tried to act on the problem in Calamba.
Rizal returned home after five years of stay in Europe. He cured his mother's eye, participated in the community, land tried to act on the problem in Calamba.
POEMS OF RIZAL
Sa Aking Mga Kabata
“To my fellow children”
a poem about the love of one's native language written in Tagalog.
Jose Rizal wrote it in 1869 at the age of eight.
The poem was widely taught in Philippine schools to point out Rizal's precociousness and early development of his nationalistic ideals.
Mi Primera Inspiracion
“My first inspiration”
first poem written by Dr. Jose Rizal during his third academic year in Ateneo de Municipal.
He wrote the poem in 1874, before he turned 14.
He was delighted to see his mother, Doña Teodora Alonso, released from prison that same year so he dedicated the poem to her.
He also dedicated this poem to his mother’s birthday.
Por la Educacion Recibe Lustre la Patria
“Through Education Our Motherland Receives Light”
Rizal wrote this poem in the year 1876 at the age of fifteen.
It was written in Ateneo de Municipal in Manila.
The poem was written during the Spanish Government.
Alianza Íntima Entre La Religión Y La Buena Educación
“The Intimate Alliance Between Religion and Good Education”
Poem he wrote to show the important relationship between religion and education.
During the summer of April 1876, before entering his fifth year in Ateneo Municipal in June, Jose Rizal previous to turning fifteen wrote this poem along with Por La Educación Recibe Lustre La Patria.
Religious Poems
Al Nino Jesus
“To the Child Jesus”
written in Spanish by Jose Rizal in 1875 at the age of 14 during his stay Ateneo De Municipal.
After his mother’s imprisonment, he wrote many poems, mostly inspired by his friend and professor: Father Sanchez.
Among the poems he wrote, in 1875 were
the ff:
Felicitacion (Felicitation)
El Embarque Himno a la Flota de Magallanes (The Departure: Hymn to Magellan’s Fleet)
Y Es Español: Elcano, el Primero en dar la Vuelta al Mundo (And He Is Spanish Elcano, the First to Circumnavigate the World)
El Combate: Urbiztondo, Terror de Jolo (The Battle: Urbiztondo, Terror of Jolo)
In 1876, he wrote other poems on various topics. Among these are:
Un Recuerdo a Mi Pueblo
“In Memory of My Town”
Which was also another tender poem about the town where he was born.
Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo
“In Memory of My Town”
Rizal wrote it in 1876 when he was 15 years old while a student in the Ateneo de Manila.
This poem is about the Calamba, the place where he was born, which he loved very dearly.
The following year of 1877 also showed a lot of poetry that were written by him:
El Heroismo de Colon
“The Heroism of Columbus”
This poem praises Columbus for his adventurous spirit and his success as an explorer.
2 Reasons why famous poem of Rizal, “To The Filipino Youth” was described as “winning classic in Philippine Literature”
It was the first Spanish poem written by a Filipino, which gained recognition among known Spanish authors,
It contained for the first time, the nationalistic sentiment insinuating that the Filipinos, and no
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2. Arrival in Manila
Boarding in the steamer Don Juan with his
sister Lucia, he reached Manila on June 26,
1892
He met with Gov. Gen. Despujol for pardon of
his father, brother, and brothers-in-law
Started his campaign for La Liga Filipina
3. Officers:
La Liga Filipina was founded on
July 3, 1892 in Tondo, Manila
President - Ambrosio Salvador
Fiscal - Agustin dela Rosa
Treasurer - Bonifacio Arevalo,
Secretary - Deodato Arellano
4. Aims To unite the whole archipelago into one
vigorous and homogenous organization;
Mutual protection in every want and
necessity;
Defence against all violence and
injustice;
Encouragement of instruction,
agriculture, and commerce; and
Study the application of reforms.
5. La Liga Filipina Split Into Two
Groups
• Pledged to
continue
supporting the
La Solidaridad.
• Radicals led by
Bonifacio
devoted
themselves to
a new and
secret society.
8. The Cause of His Exile
Handbills, entitle Pobres Frailes, were found in
the pillows of Lucia and concluded to be
written by Rizal.
It contains anti-friar character supposedly
authored by Fr. Jacinto.
These handbills were about the rich friars who
became wealthy at the expense of the poor,
the abused, and oppressed Indios.
9. His Arrival in Dapitan
He reached on July
17, 1892 boarding
the steamer Cebu,
under heavy guards
and shrouded with
secrecy
He was
encouraged by Fr.
Pablo Pastells, SJ
to live in the
mission house with
Fr. Obach
He rejected the
offer and chose to
live at Cap. Ricardo
Carnicero’s house
10. Rizal – Pastells Debate on
Religion
Pastells sent Rizal a book by Sarda along with
an advice that Rizal should desist from his
majaderas (foolishness) in viewing religion from
the perspective of individual judgement and
self-esteem
11. Rizal wins in Manila Lottery
• Won the second prize of P20,000.00 in the
government owned Manila Lottery.
• P6,200.00 – Rizal’s share
– P2,000.00 given to his father
– P200.00 given to his friend Jose Ma. Basa in Hong
Kong
– The rest he invested purchasing agricultural lands
12. Rizal’s Life in Dapitan
• He built his house by the seashore of Talisay
• He has three houses in Dapitan
• Taught arithmetic to young boys
• Have fruit trees and domesticated anmals
13. Rizal and a Friar Spy
Florencio Namanan – assumed
as Pablo Mercado and posing
as a relative of Jose Rizal
– Offered his services as a
confidential courier of Rizal’s
letters and writing for the patriots
in Manila.
Loosing his temper, he went to
Captain Juan Sitges (succeeded
Captain Carnicero)
14. Rizal a Physician in Dapitan
Most of his patients were poor so he
offered his services for free.
He operated Don Ignacio Tumarong
and paid him P3,000.00
Don Francisco Azacarraga paid him
P500.00
15. Water System for Dapitan
He applied
his
knowledge of
engineering
by
constructing
a system of
waterworks
16. Community Projects for
Dapitan
1. Drained the swamps in order to get rid of
malaria that infested Dapitan.
2. P500.00 payment of an English patient was
used to equip the town with its lighting system,
consisted of coconut oil lamps placed in the
dark streets of Dapitan.
17. The Relief Map
Beautification of Dapitan – he remodeled the town
plaza with the help of Fr. Sanchez
• They made a huge relief map of Mindanao out of earth
stones and grass.
18. Teacher Jose
• The school started with three
pupils, then16, and later 21.
• Taught them reading, writing
languages (Spanish and
English), geography, history,
mathematics (arithmetic and
geometry), industrial work,
nature study, morals and
gymnastics.
19. Rizal’s Contribution to Science
• Rizal built up a rich collection of conchology which
consisted of 346 shells representing 203 species.
–
Draco Rizali
flying lizard
Rhacophorus Rizali
a rare frog
Apogonia Rizali
a small beetle
20. Literary Works at Dapitan
Hymn to Talisay – intended to be a
college song for the pupils he was
teaching in Talisay
My Retreat – this poem portrays
Rizal’s serene life in his place of
rusticity.
The Song of the Traveler – a heart-
warming poem written by Rizal when
he was granted freedom to travel in
Europe and work in Cuba as a
physician.
21. Josephine Bracken
• An Irish girl of
sweet eighteen,
slender, a
chestnut blond,
with blue eyes
• Her mother died of
childbirth and she
was adopted by
George Taufer
who became blind
22. Josephine Bracken
Josephine stayed with the family
of Rizal in Manila.
Francisco – son of Rizal who died
due to premature giving birth of
his mother.
He was eight month old then
23. Dr. Pio Valenzuela
Best friend of
Bonifacio
An emissary to
Dapitan
Raymundo Mata – a
blind man whom he
brought with him to
solicit Rizal’s expert
medical advice.
24. Rizal Objected the
Katipunan
The people are
not ready for a
revolution
The arms and
funds must first
be collected
before raising the
cry of revolution
25. Rizal Volunteers as a Military
Doctor in Cuba
• Rizal offered his services as military doctor in
Cuba, which was then in the throes of a
revolution and raging yellow fever epidemic.
• July 1, 1896 – he received a letter from the
Governor General notifying him of the
acceptance of the offer.
