This document discusses various cinematography techniques used in filmmaking, including continuity, the 180 degree rule, match on action, shot reverse shot, and mise-en-scene. It provides examples of how these techniques were used in a preliminary task and opening scene created by the author. The author reflects on how their skills have improved from incorporating lighting, camera angles, editing, sound, and other techniques to create a more polished opening scene compared to the preliminary task. Continuity, camera work, titles, and representing characters through costume and setting were some areas the author felt they strengthened between the two projects.
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The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
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Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
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The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2. Continuity is the maintenance of continuous action and self-
consistent detail in the various scenes of a film.
Continuity is important because it makes the scenes of the
film more realistic
3. The 180 degree rule is a basic guideline regarding the on-screen spatial
relationship between a character and another character or object within a scene.
4. Preliminary Task
In our preliminary task, we used the 180 degree rule
when two students are greeting to each other and
going to engage in a conversation
The screenshot on the right, we used an over the
shoulder shot on the left side so we won’t break
continuity.
5. Opening Scene
In our opening scene, we used the 180
degree rule when the character is on the
phone.We have shown that we didn’t
cross the invisible line and break
continuity
6. Match on Action refers to film editing and video editing
techniques where the editor cuts from one shot to another view
that matches the first shot's action.
7. Preliminary Task
In our preliminary task, we used match on action
when the student is about to open the door.Then
we moved inside the camera in the room to see him
coming in.
8. Opening Scene
In our opening scene, we used match on action when
the character is going down the stairs.The screenshot
on the left ,the audience can see a mid shot of the
character who is about the go down the stairs.The
screenshot on the right, we used a long shot so the
audience can see the location or the surroundings of the
character.
9. Shot reverse shot is a film technique where one character is
shown looking at another character and then the other
character is shown looking back at the first character.
10. Preliminary Task
In our preliminary task, we used shot reverse shot
when the students are engaged in a conversation.
We also used the 180 degree rule so that it doesn’t
break continuity.
11. Opening Scene
In our opening scene, we used shot reverse shot
when the gang leaders are interrogating the victim.
We also used the 180 degree rule not crossing the
invisible line so the scene flow continuously.
12. Cinematography is the art of photography and camerawork in
film-making.
This is important because it is a way to analyse media text.
Using different shot types makes it more appealing the
audience
The lighting and colour are also important because lights and
colours can have a strong emotional impact on the audience.
There are different types of light that give different feeling,
effect and colour as well.
13. I have improved in terms of cinematography by using
camera angles that shows a significance to the
character.The low angle shot show the power of the
character and also we used a point of view shot to put
the audience in the place of the victim.
14. Editing scenes makes it more appealing for the audience to
watch. Editing works with using raw shots and combining
them together
15. I have improved in terms of editing by using filters in our
opening scene and also titles.Whereas in the
preliminary task, we didn’t use either colour filters and
tiles.
16. Mise-En-Scene is the arrangement of scenery and stage
properties in a play. It contains setting, props, costume, make-
up etc.
It is important because it determines what the character is
like.
17. In our opening scene, we used costumes that
relates to the characters occupation for example,
the detective is wearing formal clothing which
shows that he is important and shows his
dominance.
18. I have developed my titles by changing font style and size as
well as the positioning of the titles.
We have used the white colours to our font so it stands out
from the background
Also I learnt how to use transitions to use for the titles in the
opening scene. I used fade out to make it more appealing.
19.
20. In all the construction of the preliminary task and opening scene I have developed my
skills in many ways to be able to create better quality film. I learnt that continuity is a
key aspect on making a good film and using continuity makes the film more realistic.
I also learnt that sound can make a difference in a film and can change the
atmosphere in a scene. For example, in our opening scene we added up beat music to
show that the detective is rushing to go to his can.
From the preliminary task to our opening scene have shown improvements in my
camera work by having varieties of shots and angles. For example, the shot of the
gang leader is a low angle mid shot which represents his authority. But the shot for
the victim is a high angle which show that he doesn’t have power. Also the mise-en-
scene can show the characteristics of a character. For example, the detective wears a
suit which shows that he has a profession. Compared to the other characters, he is
the only one who has a real job.
