The document discusses ethical challenges faced by journalists and provides guidance on navigating complex situations. It outlines the Society of Professional Journalists' code of ethics focusing on truth, minimizing harm, independence, and accountability. The document then examines various ethical dilemmas journalists may encounter and potential approaches based on principles of truth, fairness, minimizing harm, and serving the public interest.
This document discusses journalism ethics. It defines ethics as standards of right and wrong that can vary by time, culture and society. Ethics overlap with both religion and law. The Society of Professional Journalists outlines three guidelines for ethics: seek truth and report it, minimize harm, and be accountable. Seeking truth involves verifying facts, identifying sources accurately, and having headlines that reflect contents. Minimizing harm means treating sources with respect and weighing if a story is necessary or voyeurism. Being accountable means realizing the power of media and being open to audience dialogue while maintaining independence.
Responsibility of a Journalist and Code of EthicsShin Evangelista
Every staff should have a code of ethics to guide responsible journalism. The Society of Professional Journalists code is a good model, addressing accuracy, objectivity, balance, fairness and other ethical standards. A staff code should also specify guidelines in sensitive areas like privacy, libel, and treating people with respect.
Media ethics are important in Journalism because they create guidelines for journalists to follow fair and unbiased information dissemination. It makes sure that media stays true and further helps journalists maintain a sense of equality.
Codes of ethics are meant to guide journalists and ensure truth, accuracy, impartiality and other standards. They help journalists deal with ethical dilemmas and provide accountability. The codes emphasize getting facts right, presenting all sides, maintaining credibility, and correcting errors. Case studies show how codes can be applied, such as protecting sources in the Watergate story or deciding whether to publish a decades-old accusation before an election. Overall, codes are intended to support ethical journalism and avoid issues like paid news or unnecessary religious provocation.
This presentation is for use when covering media ethics in an introductory mass media course. Includes media organization ethics, the need for ethics, types of ethics, ethical media examples.
Here are brief responses to your questions:
1. To keep books in good condition, handle them carefully by supporting the spine and pages, keep them away from direct sunlight and moisture, and store them vertically on shelves.
2. You shouldn't believe everything from TV or radio without verifying, as some information could be misleading or one-sided. It's good to consider multiple sources and think critically about the reliability and biases.
3. Parents may restrict children's social media use due to concerns about inappropriate content, cyberbullying risks, and the potential for excessive screen time to negatively impact development, sleep, and academics. Monitoring and moderation helps protect children while still allowing age-appropriate access.
This document discusses various ethical issues that journalists may face, including deception, plagiarism, fabrication, conflicts of interest, privacy, harming reputations, use of anonymous sources, and accountability. It provides guidance on balancing the public's right to know with potential harms. When facing an ethical dilemma, journalists are advised to carefully examine alternatives and justify their decisions by weighing benefits of publication against potential harms. Professional codes of ethics also provide guidance but are not legally enforceable.
This document discusses journalism ethics. It defines ethics as standards of right and wrong that can vary by time, culture and society. Ethics overlap with both religion and law. The Society of Professional Journalists outlines three guidelines for ethics: seek truth and report it, minimize harm, and be accountable. Seeking truth involves verifying facts, identifying sources accurately, and having headlines that reflect contents. Minimizing harm means treating sources with respect and weighing if a story is necessary or voyeurism. Being accountable means realizing the power of media and being open to audience dialogue while maintaining independence.
Responsibility of a Journalist and Code of EthicsShin Evangelista
Every staff should have a code of ethics to guide responsible journalism. The Society of Professional Journalists code is a good model, addressing accuracy, objectivity, balance, fairness and other ethical standards. A staff code should also specify guidelines in sensitive areas like privacy, libel, and treating people with respect.
Media ethics are important in Journalism because they create guidelines for journalists to follow fair and unbiased information dissemination. It makes sure that media stays true and further helps journalists maintain a sense of equality.
Codes of ethics are meant to guide journalists and ensure truth, accuracy, impartiality and other standards. They help journalists deal with ethical dilemmas and provide accountability. The codes emphasize getting facts right, presenting all sides, maintaining credibility, and correcting errors. Case studies show how codes can be applied, such as protecting sources in the Watergate story or deciding whether to publish a decades-old accusation before an election. Overall, codes are intended to support ethical journalism and avoid issues like paid news or unnecessary religious provocation.
This presentation is for use when covering media ethics in an introductory mass media course. Includes media organization ethics, the need for ethics, types of ethics, ethical media examples.
Here are brief responses to your questions:
1. To keep books in good condition, handle them carefully by supporting the spine and pages, keep them away from direct sunlight and moisture, and store them vertically on shelves.
2. You shouldn't believe everything from TV or radio without verifying, as some information could be misleading or one-sided. It's good to consider multiple sources and think critically about the reliability and biases.
3. Parents may restrict children's social media use due to concerns about inappropriate content, cyberbullying risks, and the potential for excessive screen time to negatively impact development, sleep, and academics. Monitoring and moderation helps protect children while still allowing age-appropriate access.
This document discusses various ethical issues that journalists may face, including deception, plagiarism, fabrication, conflicts of interest, privacy, harming reputations, use of anonymous sources, and accountability. It provides guidance on balancing the public's right to know with potential harms. When facing an ethical dilemma, journalists are advised to carefully examine alternatives and justify their decisions by weighing benefits of publication against potential harms. Professional codes of ethics also provide guidance but are not legally enforceable.
Media and Information Literacy (MIL) - 6. Media and Information Languages (Pa...Arniel Ping
Media and Information Literacy (MIL)
Topic:
I- Video Project
A. Camera Techniques
B. Treatment
C. Storyboard
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, learners should be able to:
a. discuss the different camera techniques in film making;
b. produce a video treatment and a storyboard for a 30-50 seconds story applying the different camera techniques;
c. shoot and edit the video using a smartphone (mobile applications);
d. share their video in the class; and
e. value the importance of video treatment and storyboard in video project.
The document summarizes key concepts and thinkers related to media ethics, including truthfulness in reporting, conflicts of interest, sensationalism, photo editing standards, and balancing commercial and public interests. It discusses Aristotle's golden mean of virtue, Kant's categorical imperative, Mill's principle of utility, and Rawls' veil of ignorance as ethical frameworks. It also covers challenges like deliberate deception, balancing corporate and reporting interests, and the role of advertising in media.
Plagiarism is defined as taking someone else's words, research, or ideas and representing them as your own. There are three types of plagiarists: those who knowingly steal work, those who inadvertently fail to cite sources, and those who do it out of ignorance of plagiarism rules. Journalists face pressures like making stories interesting, being first, appearing objective, including multiple perspectives, and taking an adversarial stance that can contribute to ethical lapses. Ethics involves reasoned consideration of moral principles and dilemmas can involve absolutist deontological approaches versus situational teleological thinking. Common ethical frameworks include Kant's categorical imperative, Mill's utilitarianism, the Golden Rule, Aristotle's Golden Mean,
This document discusses ethics in journalism. It covers minimizing harm, acknowledging personal responsibility, reviewing ethical dilemmas, and ethics in digital journalism. It defines ethics and discusses the importance of truth-seeking, respecting the law and ethics, and being professional, accountable, and independent. It provides questions journalists should consider regarding sources and decisions. It outlines some basic rules like not making things up, avoiding conflicts of interest, being fair and neutral, identifying yourself, and admitting mistakes. It also discusses evaluating online sources and media.
Public relations professionals should avoid lying, greenwashing, misleading the public, and conflicts of interest according to this document. They should practice ethical public relations by being truthful and transparent in their communications.
B 05 functions of communication and media David G. Booc
This Powerpoint presentation talks about the Functions of communication and media in the society... This has an assestment that would identify your understanding as you go on to the discussion.
This document discusses the concept of media convergence. It provides several definitions of convergence, including the coming together of previously separate industries like computing, printing, film and audio due to technological developments and mergers between companies. Convergence is described as the flow of content across multiple media platforms, cooperation between industries, and how audiences will access content from different sources. The document also discusses different types of convergence including technological, economic, cultural, organic, and global convergence. It notes some advantages and disadvantages of convergence for both media industries and audiences.
PEOPLE MEDIA
- Definitions
- Characteristics
- Format and Types
- Advantages and Limitations
- Applications to Teaching-Learning process
- People as Media and People in Media
- Digital People Media
Legal, Ethical, and Societal Issues in Media and Information.pdfkenneth218994
Legal, Ethical, and Societal Issues in Media and Information.
Objectives
Identify the importance about legal, ethical, and societal issues in media and information. Develops a clear understanding about the consequences, advantages, and
disadvantages.
Online multimedia journalism is the process of combining text, images, sound, videos and graphics, to tell an interesting story with the use of the new technologies and internet.
Media Law and Ethics is a comprehensive overview and a thoughtful introduction to media law principles and cases as well as related ethical concerns relevant to the practice of professional communication.
Chapter 1 Introduction to Media and Information LiteracyJuvywen
This document provides an introduction to media and information literacy. It defines key terms like media, media literacy, information, information literacy, technology, and technology literacy. It explains that media and information literacy allows people to access, understand, and create communications using various media forms. Some of the roles of media and information are to provide information to citizens, facilitate debates, and function as a watchdog over government. The document outlines basic concepts of media literacy, including that media shape our culture and can influence thoughts and actions.
The document discusses media and social responsibility. It notes that mass media has an obligation to inform people and bridge communication gaps in society. While media draws from society, it also educates and informs individuals. However, media now often prioritizes advertisers' interests over the public's. Self-regulation of media has weakened as commercial interests have come to dominate. For countries like Pakistan, responsible media is important to strengthen democracy and counter threats like extremism. The media should report issues objectively and curb sensationalism.
Media and Information Literacy (MIL) - Digital Citizenship, Netiquette, Digit...Arniel Ping
Media and Information Literacy (MIL) - Digital Citizenship, Netiquette, Digital Footprints, and Digital Issues
Topic: Legal, Ethical, and Societal Issues in Media and Information (Part 2)
Learning Competencies
1. explain digital citizenship, netiquette, and digital footprints (SSHS);
2. demonstrate proper conduct and behavior online (netiquette, virtual self) (MIL11/12LESI-IIIg18);
3. Identify some of the digital issues in the Philippines (SSHS);
4. put into action personal resolve to combat digital divide, addiction, and bullying (MIL11/12LESI-IIIg19)
5. explain actions to promote ethical use of media and information (MIL11/12LESI-IIIg22)
6. enumerate opportunities and challenges in media and information (MIL12LESI-IIIg-23)
The document discusses legal and ethical issues related to media and information sharing in the digital age. It begins by noting how casually people share photos, quotes and memes online without considering copyright or how it may impact others. This has opened up legal and ethical challenges as the internet gives widespread access to information. The document discusses key concepts like intellectual property, copyright, plagiarism, fair use and responsible digital citizenship. It provides examples of each and discusses how to apply guidelines regarding sharing content in an ethical manner online.
Media and Information Literacy (MIL) 2. The Evolution of Traditional to New M...Arniel Ping
Learning Competencies
Learners will be able to…
1. identify traditional media and new media and their relationships (MIL11/12EMIL-IIIb-5);
2. compare “Medium is the Message” by McLuhan with cultural determinism (SSHS);
3. search latest theory on information and media (MIL11/12EMIL-IIIb-7);
4. discuss the Normative Theories of the Press (SSHS); and
5. evaluate the type of media in the Philippines using the Normative Theories of the Press (SSHS).
Topic Outline
I. The Evolution from Traditional to New Media
A. Traditional vs. New Media
B. Media is the Message vs. Cultural Determinism
C. Normative Theories of the Press
This document discusses the needs and scope of mass media ethics. It provides an overview of codes of ethics for mass media, including that codes set standards for conduct, ensure internal rather than external oversight, and help practitioners focus on important principles. However, codes also face criticisms like lack of enforcement and ambiguity. The document then outlines general themes in media codes, including objectivity, truth, minimizing harm, and accuracy.
Online journalism, strengths and weaknesses, citizen journalism, history of online journalism (including comprehensive history of online journalism in Nepal)
This document discusses ethical decision making and provides guidance on using Potter's Box, a framework for analyzing ethical dilemmas. It presents five principles of ethical journalism, explains the components of Potter's Box including definition, values, principles, and loyalties, and provides examples of ethical dilemmas a journalist may face along with questions for consideration.
Media and Information Literacy (MIL) - 6. Media and Information Languages (Pa...Arniel Ping
Media and Information Literacy (MIL)
Topic:
I- Video Project
A. Camera Techniques
B. Treatment
C. Storyboard
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, learners should be able to:
a. discuss the different camera techniques in film making;
b. produce a video treatment and a storyboard for a 30-50 seconds story applying the different camera techniques;
c. shoot and edit the video using a smartphone (mobile applications);
d. share their video in the class; and
e. value the importance of video treatment and storyboard in video project.
The document summarizes key concepts and thinkers related to media ethics, including truthfulness in reporting, conflicts of interest, sensationalism, photo editing standards, and balancing commercial and public interests. It discusses Aristotle's golden mean of virtue, Kant's categorical imperative, Mill's principle of utility, and Rawls' veil of ignorance as ethical frameworks. It also covers challenges like deliberate deception, balancing corporate and reporting interests, and the role of advertising in media.
Plagiarism is defined as taking someone else's words, research, or ideas and representing them as your own. There are three types of plagiarists: those who knowingly steal work, those who inadvertently fail to cite sources, and those who do it out of ignorance of plagiarism rules. Journalists face pressures like making stories interesting, being first, appearing objective, including multiple perspectives, and taking an adversarial stance that can contribute to ethical lapses. Ethics involves reasoned consideration of moral principles and dilemmas can involve absolutist deontological approaches versus situational teleological thinking. Common ethical frameworks include Kant's categorical imperative, Mill's utilitarianism, the Golden Rule, Aristotle's Golden Mean,
This document discusses ethics in journalism. It covers minimizing harm, acknowledging personal responsibility, reviewing ethical dilemmas, and ethics in digital journalism. It defines ethics and discusses the importance of truth-seeking, respecting the law and ethics, and being professional, accountable, and independent. It provides questions journalists should consider regarding sources and decisions. It outlines some basic rules like not making things up, avoiding conflicts of interest, being fair and neutral, identifying yourself, and admitting mistakes. It also discusses evaluating online sources and media.
Public relations professionals should avoid lying, greenwashing, misleading the public, and conflicts of interest according to this document. They should practice ethical public relations by being truthful and transparent in their communications.
B 05 functions of communication and media David G. Booc
This Powerpoint presentation talks about the Functions of communication and media in the society... This has an assestment that would identify your understanding as you go on to the discussion.
This document discusses the concept of media convergence. It provides several definitions of convergence, including the coming together of previously separate industries like computing, printing, film and audio due to technological developments and mergers between companies. Convergence is described as the flow of content across multiple media platforms, cooperation between industries, and how audiences will access content from different sources. The document also discusses different types of convergence including technological, economic, cultural, organic, and global convergence. It notes some advantages and disadvantages of convergence for both media industries and audiences.
PEOPLE MEDIA
- Definitions
- Characteristics
- Format and Types
- Advantages and Limitations
- Applications to Teaching-Learning process
- People as Media and People in Media
- Digital People Media
Legal, Ethical, and Societal Issues in Media and Information.pdfkenneth218994
Legal, Ethical, and Societal Issues in Media and Information.
Objectives
Identify the importance about legal, ethical, and societal issues in media and information. Develops a clear understanding about the consequences, advantages, and
disadvantages.
Online multimedia journalism is the process of combining text, images, sound, videos and graphics, to tell an interesting story with the use of the new technologies and internet.
Media Law and Ethics is a comprehensive overview and a thoughtful introduction to media law principles and cases as well as related ethical concerns relevant to the practice of professional communication.
Chapter 1 Introduction to Media and Information LiteracyJuvywen
This document provides an introduction to media and information literacy. It defines key terms like media, media literacy, information, information literacy, technology, and technology literacy. It explains that media and information literacy allows people to access, understand, and create communications using various media forms. Some of the roles of media and information are to provide information to citizens, facilitate debates, and function as a watchdog over government. The document outlines basic concepts of media literacy, including that media shape our culture and can influence thoughts and actions.
The document discusses media and social responsibility. It notes that mass media has an obligation to inform people and bridge communication gaps in society. While media draws from society, it also educates and informs individuals. However, media now often prioritizes advertisers' interests over the public's. Self-regulation of media has weakened as commercial interests have come to dominate. For countries like Pakistan, responsible media is important to strengthen democracy and counter threats like extremism. The media should report issues objectively and curb sensationalism.
Media and Information Literacy (MIL) - Digital Citizenship, Netiquette, Digit...Arniel Ping
Media and Information Literacy (MIL) - Digital Citizenship, Netiquette, Digital Footprints, and Digital Issues
Topic: Legal, Ethical, and Societal Issues in Media and Information (Part 2)
Learning Competencies
1. explain digital citizenship, netiquette, and digital footprints (SSHS);
2. demonstrate proper conduct and behavior online (netiquette, virtual self) (MIL11/12LESI-IIIg18);
3. Identify some of the digital issues in the Philippines (SSHS);
4. put into action personal resolve to combat digital divide, addiction, and bullying (MIL11/12LESI-IIIg19)
5. explain actions to promote ethical use of media and information (MIL11/12LESI-IIIg22)
6. enumerate opportunities and challenges in media and information (MIL12LESI-IIIg-23)
The document discusses legal and ethical issues related to media and information sharing in the digital age. It begins by noting how casually people share photos, quotes and memes online without considering copyright or how it may impact others. This has opened up legal and ethical challenges as the internet gives widespread access to information. The document discusses key concepts like intellectual property, copyright, plagiarism, fair use and responsible digital citizenship. It provides examples of each and discusses how to apply guidelines regarding sharing content in an ethical manner online.
Media and Information Literacy (MIL) 2. The Evolution of Traditional to New M...Arniel Ping
Learning Competencies
Learners will be able to…
1. identify traditional media and new media and their relationships (MIL11/12EMIL-IIIb-5);
2. compare “Medium is the Message” by McLuhan with cultural determinism (SSHS);
3. search latest theory on information and media (MIL11/12EMIL-IIIb-7);
4. discuss the Normative Theories of the Press (SSHS); and
5. evaluate the type of media in the Philippines using the Normative Theories of the Press (SSHS).
Topic Outline
I. The Evolution from Traditional to New Media
A. Traditional vs. New Media
B. Media is the Message vs. Cultural Determinism
C. Normative Theories of the Press
This document discusses the needs and scope of mass media ethics. It provides an overview of codes of ethics for mass media, including that codes set standards for conduct, ensure internal rather than external oversight, and help practitioners focus on important principles. However, codes also face criticisms like lack of enforcement and ambiguity. The document then outlines general themes in media codes, including objectivity, truth, minimizing harm, and accuracy.
Online journalism, strengths and weaknesses, citizen journalism, history of online journalism (including comprehensive history of online journalism in Nepal)
This document discusses ethical decision making and provides guidance on using Potter's Box, a framework for analyzing ethical dilemmas. It presents five principles of ethical journalism, explains the components of Potter's Box including definition, values, principles, and loyalties, and provides examples of ethical dilemmas a journalist may face along with questions for consideration.
Presentation as part of the MA Online Journalism at Birmingham City University, UK. Originally delivered Nov 19, 2009. This does not represent legal advice.
The document discusses the relevance of the Indian Copyright Act in media. It provides an introduction to the Copyright Act of 1957 and its subsequent amendments. The Act was modeled after the UK Copyright Act of 1956 and continues common law traditions. It aims to balance protecting creative works and intellectual property with allowing reasonable access and use. The Act covers original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works. It is important for media organizations to understand and comply with copyright law to avoid legal issues when reporting or using other creative works.
New Ethical Dilemmas in the Digital agemikewilhelm
New ethical dilemmas have emerged with the rise of digital technology and social media use. Counselors must consider issues around self-disclosure, privacy, and multiple relationships when using technology. While ethical codes provide guidance, they have not kept up with rapid changes in technology. Counselors should thoughtfully consider how to handle self-disclosure and maintain appropriate boundaries online, as anything shared can remain accessible indefinitely. Special considerations apply for rural counselors due to higher risks of overlapping relationships. Overall, technology requires balancing client welfare and counselor ethics in an evolving landscape.
Analysts are writers. Writers are communicators. To be effective, communicators need to be clear and concise, nothing less. This presentation is aimed at helping the analysts and writers review the basic principles in achieving clarity and conciseness in writing reports.
Public trust in the media has declined, with polls showing only 32% trust media to report accurately and 55% of voters believing journalists are biased against Trump. A study found 90% of journalist donations went to Hillary Clinton, and WikiLeaks emails showed coordination between reporters and Clinton's campaign. While some criticize excessive focus on Clinton's emails, others argue media was too soft on her and sensationalized certain stories to boost sales.
The document discusses how journalism ethics have changed over time as new media has emerged. It notes that while objectivity is currently the norm, standards were more flexible in the past. It raises questions about how internet media may further impact journalism business and ethics, and how these changes should influence how journalism is taught. The document advocates preserving the best of traditional journalism training while adapting instruction to new media skills and embracing citizen journalism.
Chapter 2 - Ethics - The Bedrock of Society- from The Ethical Journalist, Pro...Linda Austin
This presentation by Professor Linda Austin covers Chapter 2: Ethics - The Bedrock of Society from The Ethical Journalist, a textbook by Gene Foreman. It is for her students in JNL-2105, Journalism Ethics, at the National Management College in Yangon, Myanmar.
Front cover analysis essay and labelled analysisLizRose2012
This document analyzes and compares the front covers of two music magazines: NME and Q Magazine. Both covers use similar color schemes of red, black, and white. They also follow the Guttenberg Design Principle by placing key elements like the magazine title and artist image in areas where the eye is naturally drawn. However, there are some differences - NME uses more vibrant colors and imagery to appeal to a younger audience, while Q Magazine has a cleaner, more mature design. Overall, the covers have similar layouts but target different genres and age groups through subtle stylistic choices.
Social media and behaviour change: planning and intervention takes a look at the some of the theory and practice of researching and implementing behaviour change campaigns using social media.
Part one is about practical, low cost ways to understand your audience and their behaviour online, and part two looks at case studies in using online communities to support behaviour change, delving a little into how you might apply social marketing theory to a social media campaign.
The document discusses several topics related to information ethics including intellectual property, privacy, trust, and information security. It describes laws and regulations that have been developed to protect consumer privacy such as HIPAA and FTC guidelines. It also discusses the need for organizations to establish information policies and security practices to responsibly manage data and protect against threats from both outside and inside sources.
WikiLeaks is an organization that publishes leaked documents and information from anonymous sources. It was founded in 2006 with the goal of exposing oppressive regimes. WikiLeaks has published documents like the Guantanamo Bay operating procedures, Scientology documents, Sarah Palin's emails, and the Afghanistan and Iraq war logs. WikiLeaks' publication of diplomatic cables in 2010 led to denial of service attacks against their site and companies cutting ties with them. There is an ongoing debate about the ethics of WikiLeaks' actions and whether they help transparency or threaten security and privacy.
This document discusses the law of defamation. It defines defamation as a false statement that lowers someone's reputation, causes them to be avoided, exposes them to hatred/ridicule, or damages their profession. Defamation can be a civil or criminal offense. The purpose of defamation laws is to protect people's reputations from injurious statements. There are various defenses to defamation claims including justification, fair comment, privilege, consent, and innocent dissemination. Remedies for defamation include damages, injunctions, retractions, and published apologies.
This document discusses the ethical use of information and avoiding plagiarism when writing research papers. It defines plagiarism as using others' ideas or work without citing sources. The document provides guidance on taking notes, summarizing, paraphrasing, and quoting information from sources. It also explains how to properly cite sources using MLA format, including citing books, websites, encyclopedias, journal articles, and more. Students are assigned to find sources on a topic and create a Works Cited page using MLA style.
The document discusses unethical advertising practices. Some examples of unethical advertising include misleading claims, exaggerations, stereotyping women, using children to promote products, unhealthy brand comparisons, and surrogate advertising to promote banned products. Basic principles of ethical advertising include decency, honesty, social responsibility, and truthful presentations without harming others.
Defamation involves making a false statement about someone that lowers their reputation or esteems them. It can be a civil or criminal offense. Criminal defamation is defined in the Criminal Code and involves intentionally publishing defamatory statements to harm someone's reputation. Defamation laws aim to protect people's reputations from injurious statements. Libel refers to defamatory statements that are written or published while slander involves spoken defamatory statements. There are defenses to defamation claims including proving the statement was true or a fair comment. Remedies for defamation include damages, injunctions, or requiring a retraction, correction, or apology be published.
This magazine cover uses Florence from Florence and the Machine as the central image. She is a popular musician, making her an engaging cover subject. Around her are landmarks from different cities, implying her music is spreading worldwide. The cover also promotes free music downloads from Florence to attract fans. Overall, the cover utilizes a popular artist and free music to generate interest in the magazine's music industry content.
The masthead is large and bold, as is typical. Only a few colors are used to keep the design clean. Cover lines advertise reviews and articles about bands and songs to appeal to the music-focused readership. Placement of elements like the barcode, price and date follow standard magazine layout conventions.
Types of news writing leads include:
- Summary leads that provide the central issue and allow readers to grasp the story from the lead.
- Question leads that use provocative questions to engage readers if directly relevant to them.
- Punchy or capsule leads that summarize the article in a short, blunt statement.
- Quotation leads that use an important quote from a source which is then explained in the article.
- Contrast leads that compare extremes to grab readers' attention.
The front cover of Q magazine features singer Adele looking directly at the camera with her thumb against her lips in a slightly provocative pose. The large, bold "Q" masthead is prominently displayed against a striking red background at the top of the cover. Below Adele's image are the cover lines promoting other artists featured in the issue, such as Liam Gallagher. The issue number and tagline "Discover great music" also appear on the front cover. The layout, simple color scheme and fonts used project an image of Q as a sophisticated, music-focused publication targeting younger, affluent readers.
The document discusses several key issues in media law and ethics including:
1. The relationship between legal and ethical issues in journalism and how they are often difficult to separate.
2. Examples of ethical dilemmas journalists may face such as chequebook journalism and using hidden cameras.
3. Different approaches to framing ethical issues such as descriptive, normative, universalist, and situational ethics frameworks.
4. The importance of moral reasoning in journalism and how it is shaped by social and material pressures.
This document discusses various media ethics issues and concepts of loyalty in journalism. It addresses challenges around deception, plagiarism, fabrication, conflicts of interest, privacy, harming reputations, anonymous sources, and accountability. Models for ethical reasoning are presented, including defining dilemmas, examining alternatives, and justifying decisions. Core values of accuracy, independence, collaboration, fairness and transparency are outlined from the Poynter Institute Code of Ethics. Specific cases of ethical lapses by journalists are also reviewed.
The document discusses several topics related to ethics including the definition of ethics, different types of ethics like work ethics and personal ethics, key principles of ethics in different fields like journalism, entertainment media, and broadcasting. It also outlines some common issues and guidelines regarding truth, privacy, manipulation, stereotypes, trust, impartiality and serving the public interest. Finally, it lists some examples of unethical practices related to digital media like stealing copyright, intercepting private emails, displaying inappropriate content, and misusing private information.
This document discusses various topics related to ethics in entertainment and media. It defines entertainment and provides examples of different types. It then discusses key ethical issues and considerations regarding the portrayal of violence, product placement, stereotypes, and pushing boundaries. It also outlines principles of ethics for journalists and broadcasters such as trust, truth, impartiality and serving the public interest. The document examines ethics at the intersection of entertainment and news programming and debates around censorship and influencing media content.
This document discusses communication law and ethics. It covers several topics: historical traditions in ethics like virtue ethics, consequence ethics, and duty ethics; religious traditions that inform ethics like Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, and Islam; moral principles such as autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, justice, and veracity; professional codes of ethics for fields like journalism, advertising, and public relations; and concepts of social responsibility and media like cultivation theory and peace journalism. The goal is to provide an overview of the key considerations and approaches to communication ethics.
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BVJMM 2nd Semester of #JIMSVKII has shared about the Theories of Ethics and Morals in Media.
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Theories of Ethics and Morals in media.pptxJIMSVKII
This document provides an overview of ethics and morals, theories of ethics including utilitarianism, deontological ethics, and virtue ethics, and principles of ethical journalism. It discusses the difference between ethics, which are external rules or codes, and morals, which are personal principles. Theories of ethics are explained with their pros and cons. Principles of journalism are outlined, including seeking truth, minimizing harm, acting independently, and being accountable. Golden rules of ethical journalism are presented. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of ethical journalism given media's influence on the public.
The rules journalists must observe if they are to produce fair, accurate, objective and impartial information. One of a series of basic training modules for journalism students preparing for a career in the media.
This document discusses various ethical issues that journalists may face, including deception, plagiarism, fabrication, conflicts of interest, privacy, harming reputations, use of anonymous sources, and accountability. It provides guidance on balancing the public's right to know with potential harms. When facing an ethical dilemma, journalists are advised to carefully examine alternatives and justify their decisions by weighing benefits of publication against potential harms. Professional codes of ethics also provide guidance but are not legally enforceable.
The document discusses several key topics related to media law and ethics, including:
1. The relationship between legal and ethical issues in journalism and how ethics is based on versions of the truth.
2. The importance of journalists understanding law and ethics in order to fulfill their public responsibility and maintain professionalism.
3. Examples of where the law and ethics can both overlap and conflict, such as with chequebook journalism and deception.
4. Frameworks for analyzing ethical issues like utilitarianism and virtue ethics.
This document presents concepts and scenarios related to different philosophies of justice, including utilitarianism, deontological ethics, libertarianism, liberalism, and conservatism. It discusses ideas like the greatest good for the greatest number, moral duty, maximizing individual liberty, equality of opportunity, and traditional moral structures. Test cases are provided to illustrate how each philosophy may approach issues like taxation, education policy, medical ethics, free speech, and crime/punishment.
This document provides an overview of ethics concepts and theories that will be discussed in a one-day ethics workshop. It outlines four main ethical theories - utilitarianism, Kantian ethics, fairness and justice ethics, and virtue ethics. It then discusses each theory in more detail and provides examples of how they could apply to issues in human resources management and case studies. The document concludes with instructions for participants to break into small groups and discuss assigned case studies using one of the four ethical theories.
This document presents concepts and scenarios related to different philosophies of justice, including utilitarianism, deontological ethics, libertarianism, liberalism, and conservatism. It discusses views on topics like torture, redistribution of wealth, equality of opportunity, and individual versus collective interests. Test cases at the end pose ethical dilemmas about taxation, education policy, medical procedures, patriotism, and crime to examine how each philosophy might approach them.
Cyberbullying involves the willful and repeated harming of others through electronic means such as computers, cell phones, and other devices. It includes behaviors like posting embarrassing pictures of someone online or pretending to be another person online. 20% of youth ages 11-18 have experienced cyberbullying. While it occurs online, cyberbullying can have serious psychological effects similar to traditional bullying, including low self-esteem, depression, eating disorders, and even suicide in some cases.
Broadcasting involves transmitting media like speech, music and images via telecommunications. Ethics examines concepts of morality, addressing questions about what is good versus evil, right versus wrong, and justice versus crime. There are different types of ethics including personal ethics, work ethics set by companies, and major branches like meta-ethics, normative ethics and applied ethics. Key principles for broadcasters include trust, truth, impartiality, editorial independence, fairness and transparency. Unethical behaviors include stealing copyright, intercepting private communications, spreading misinformation, and misusing research.
VE 10 Q2 Topic 4 We Use Reason in Doing What is Right (Volunteerism).pdfRedgz Tapalla-Molidor
The document discusses the story of August Landmesser, a German man who refused to give the Nazi salute to Hitler. Landmesser was engaged to a Jewish woman named Irma Eckler, and they had a child together. When Landmesser's relationship became known, he was expelled from the Nazi party for refusing to leave his fiancée due to his principles. Landmesser's decision showed that he was honoring his existing bond and covenant of love for Eckler by doing the right thing, despite facing imprisonment and Eckler being sent to a concentration camp where she was believed to have been murdered. The story illustrates how principles and emotions can motivate people to act rationally and do what is
This document provides an overview of ethical decision-making frameworks and laws affecting public communication. It discusses Kohlberg's stages of moral development and various approaches to ethics like utilitarianism and rights-based ethics. It also outlines models for ethical decision-making, such as the Potter Box and Navran models. Finally, it covers relevant laws around copyright, defamation, fair use, intellectual property, privacy, and codes of ethics from professional organizations.
Module 2: Ethical Decision Making & Laws Affecting Public CommunitcationtoddkedwardsPearson
This document provides an overview of ethical decision-making frameworks and laws affecting public communication. It discusses Kohlberg's stages of moral development and various approaches to ethics like utilitarianism and rights-based ethics. It also outlines models for ethical decision-making, such as the Potter Box and Navran models. Finally, it covers relevant laws around copyright, defamation, fair use, intellectual property, privacy, and codes of ethics from professional organizations.
This document discusses ethics and social media. It covers several key topics:
1) The importance of transparency, accountability, and verifying information on social media. Fact must be separated from fiction.
2) Ethical principles like doing no harm, respecting privacy and ownership, maintaining credibility, and enabling participation are important for social media.
3) Guidelines from organizations like NPR recommend treating people with respect online, verifying information, and avoiding political partisanship when using social media.
This document discusses ethics and social media. It covers several key topics:
1) The importance of transparency, accountability, and verifying information on social media. Fact must be separated from fiction.
2) Ethical principles like doing no harm, respecting privacy and ownership, maintaining credibility, and enabling participation are important for social media.
3) Guidelines from organizations like NPR recommend treating people with respect online, verifying information, and avoiding political partisanship when using social media.
This document provides tips for capturing great sports photography shots from both professional and amateur photographers. Some key tips include shooting from elevated positions like stands to get unique angles; knowing the rules and anticipating what may happen next in a game; capturing reactions in addition to action shots; using a long lens for tight shots while also incorporating wide shots; choosing backgrounds without clutter; and finding unique angles by shooting from low or high positions unlike other photographers. Understanding the sport you are photographing is critical for success.
The document provides advice for those pursuing a career in photojournalism. It emphasizes the importance of a well-rounded education in fields like history, art, and sociology. Photographers are advised to gain experience through internships and freelancing to build their portfolio of work. When applying for jobs or internships, candidates should have a professionally presented portfolio showcasing their best images and should seek feedback on their work.
This document discusses various approaches that photojournalists can take when making ethical decisions, including duty-based, consequence-based, and profit-based approaches. It notes that while journalists have free speech, they still face consequences from society and advertisers. Ethical decisions are complex as concepts like truth, taste, and the public interest can be interpreted differently. The document provides some general guidelines for photographers to consider their audience, the mission of their publication, and their role in the community when determining what photos to publish.
This document provides information about photojournalism laws and ethics. It discusses privacy laws, laws regarding photographing in public vs private places, and cases that set legal precedents around privacy and entering private property to take photos. It also discusses ethics principles like utilitarianism and how they apply to decisions around publishing disturbing or graphic photos. Photographers have more leeway to take photos in public places but need permission for places like schools, hospitals, and courts. The document provides guidance on legal and ethical issues photojournalists may face.
The document discusses the ethics of photojournalism. It notes that photojournalists have a responsibility to produce only honest images and have no right to stage photos, distort facts, or destroy credibility. While photographers have legal rights to take photos in public, the document discusses how ethics also come into play, such as issues around privacy, intrusion, appropriation of images, and creating a false impression. Photographers should avoid legal and ethical issues through practices like obtaining consent, avoiding telephoto intrusion on private activities, and not using photos out of their original context.
The document provides guidance for travel journalists and photographers on capturing a sense of place in their work. It discusses conveying the essence and feeling of a location through visual cues like weather, landforms, customs, and dress. It emphasizes finding unique perspectives rather than cliches and exploring subtleties like mood. Similar tips are provided for capturing the atmosphere of sports, including focusing on narratives, reactions, and impressionistic techniques over just the game action.
The document discusses various punctuation marks used in print journalism including apostrophes, colons, and semicolons. It provides rules for using apostrophes to indicate possession or omitted letters in contractions. It also outlines the proper uses of colons, such as in bibliical verses, legal documents, bullet points, and introductions. Semicolons are used to separate items in a list or provide more space for thought than a comma.
Organizations are often identified by their initials after the first reference. The CIA, FBI, GOP, NASA and NATO are examples of organizations commonly referred to by their initials. Most abbreviations with three or more letters do not use periods, while two-letter abbreviations usually do use periods.
This document provides guidance on ethical photo editing and manipulation. It discusses how photojournalists should avoid altering photos in substantive ways that change the reality of what was captured. Minor adjustments to tone, saturation, and color are acceptable, but removing or adding elements risks destroying the integrity and trustworthiness of the image. The document also provides tips on cropping photos effectively and using tools like curves and levels to improve images while maintaining ethical standards.
A photographer has several responsibilities when editing photos before publication. They should review their photos carefully at least twice to select shots that tell the story, have good composition and technical quality. When judging photos, they should consider the message, composition, and technical quality. Photographers should also provide detailed captions to help editors select the best images and accurately convey the context and events in the photos. Sensitive issues also require discretion when selecting and publishing photos.
This document provides guidelines for abbreviating terms consistently in writing. It discusses abbreviating months, states, streets, titles, times of day, and other terms. Consistent abbreviation allows for more space while maintaining clarity.
This document provides information on conjunctions, collective nouns, uncountable nouns, indefinite pronouns, verbs agreeing with subjects, and intervening words or phrases that can affect subject-verb agreement. It discusses how conjunctions like and, or, and correlative conjunctions affect verb number. It also covers how collective nouns, uncountable nouns, and indefinite pronouns can take singular or plural verbs depending on their meaning in context. The document gives examples and rules for determining subject-verb agreement when there are intervening words or phrases between the subject and verb.
The document discusses the importance of lighting for video production, describing the different types of light sources and how lighting is used to define shapes, set moods, and create a sense of depth. It also covers lighting equipment options, basic three-point lighting setups, techniques for interview lighting, and tips for shooting on location.
Here are 3 tips for starting a blog:
1. Choose a topic you're passionate about. Pick something you enjoy writing and reading about so it's not a chore.
2. Post regularly. Aim for at least 1-2 times per week. Consistency builds an audience.
3. Promote your blog on social media. Share new posts on Twitter, Facebook, etc. to reach more potential readers.
The key is to just start. Your writing will improve over time, so don't wait until you feel perfect - just get some initial posts published and continue refining as you go. The experience will be invaluable, both personally and professionally.
Journalism involves gathering, writing, reporting, editing, and presenting news in print and electronic formats. A journalist collects and disseminates information about current events, people, trends, and issues for newspapers, magazines, radio, TV, and online. News is any information on current events relayed to a mass audience through print, broadcast, or word of mouth. Key elements of news include who, what, when, where, why, and how of an event. Editors determine what news stories and information the audience sees and must apply news judgment, writing skills, design skills, and management skills to select stories and ensure high quality reporting.
The document provides examples of common grammatical mistakes and guidelines for their proper usage. It discusses parts of speech, parts of a sentence, verbals, and groups of words. It then outlines common mistakes involving the use of a/an, adjectives versus adverbs, adopt/pass, affect/effect, as/like, among/between, blond/blonde, centers around, colons, comma usage, comma-splice sentences, compare to/compare with, compose/comprise/constitute, conditional mood, contact, and convince/persuade. Readers are advised to avoid alleged and allegedly as modifiers and provided alternatives.
Captions provide essential context for photos and should answer who, what, when, where, and why questions raised by the image. Well-written captions use concise and declarative sentences to identify people and locations, describe the key actions and events in the photo, and provide any relevant background details. Photographers and writers must take care to verify all facts and obtain necessary permissions before publishing photos and captions.
This document provides guidance on capitalization rules from the AP Stylebook. It discusses when to capitalize proper nouns like names and locations, as well as titles, months, religious terms, and other categories. The document also provides examples for each rule to illustrate proper capitalization.
Major forms of photography include single photos, picture groups, sequences, series, and photo essays. Photo essays allow photographers to explore stories in more depth than single photos by depicting concepts or themes over longer periods of time with multiple related photos and a personal viewpoint. Effective picture stories include 4+ photos accompanied by text to tell about a subject, with all photos relating to each other and the broader story. Photographers are advised to thoroughly research and document subjects to effectively capture and sequence photos that clearly and cohesively tell the story.
PJ's play a key role in effectively communicating news through pictures. Photos today represent the best way to concisely report human events. PJ's form opinions about newsmakers when obtaining and interpreting news that they transfer into compelling photographs, though they constantly face ethical issues around privacy. While luck cannot be learned, good technique and knowing what to do with a photo once taken can help a PJ turn chance photos into front page news. The overall, medium, and close-up shots each serve important purposes for telling a visual story. PJ's should take multiple frames from different angles and elevations to improve their photos and get the shot. Though teamwork is usual, individual PJ's push themselves to capture living history
MATATAG CURRICULUM: ASSESSING THE READINESS OF ELEM. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS I...NelTorrente
In this research, it concludes that while the readiness of teachers in Caloocan City to implement the MATATAG Curriculum is generally positive, targeted efforts in professional development, resource distribution, support networks, and comprehensive preparation can address the existing gaps and ensure successful curriculum implementation.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
Ethical behavior and journalists
1. The most difficult challenge faced by journalists is to:
1 – get the facts right
2 – tell the story fairly
ETHICAL BEHAVIOR AND
JOURNALISTS
2. What is ethical behavior?
Certain professions adopt guidelines for
ethical behaviors that “should” be followed
by members of that profession, including:
Doctors, lawyers, real estate agents and
journalists
The Society of Professional Journalists adopted a
Code of Ethics that focuses on four main points:
Seek the truth and report it
Minimize harm
Act independently
Be accountable
3. The musts…
Ethics must be both learned and developed.
You must have a personal sense of ethics and
responsibility – a moral compass
Each of us must be willing to voice these
differences. This is one of the greatest parts
about working for a free press.
4. It’s your job to be ethical
Ethical errors are a great sin.
You could make or break the lives of the
people you cover.
You could make an ethical error by:
Gathering info hurriedly, wanting to be the first to
break a story, not thinking through the
ramifications of a story, not questioning a source
hard enough or using sloppy sourcing
5. So, how do you do it?
Doing ethics is reasoned, principled, and
consistent thinking about how you can
maximize your truth telling obligation while
minimizing harm to vulnerable news sources
and consumers (your readers)
It’s a branch of philosophy that addresses
questions about morality such as:
Good and evil
Right and wrong
Virtue and vice
Justice and crime
6. Ethics and morals
Ethics is your beliefs rather than what is
actually right or wrong
It’s basically your rights granted by the First
Amendment and various court cases and
rulings, vs. your moral obligation – why and
how you make ethical decisions while on the
job, which brings me to another point.
7. Work ethics
How businesses or companies think you
should behave
Be polite
Professional
Respectful
Dress for the job you want, not the job you
have
8. Personal ethics
You may strongly believe you should act or
behave in a certain way
Table manners
How you speak to professors and your
superiors
How you react to those same people
9. Checkbook journalism
When an organization pays for an interview
or photograph – is that ethical? It happens a
lot of time on TV
10. More terms
Libel: defamation by written or printed
words, pictures or any form other than
spoken words or gestures (spoken is slander).
Statements must be:
False
Defamatory
Published
With identifiable plaintiffs
Fault of the defendant – through negligence or
malice
11. How to defend against libel
Truth
Consent
Privilege (freedom to report on newsworthy
statements and public controversies,
including legislative and judicial proceedings)
12. False light
When you run a story, photo, headline or
even a caption that portrays someone in an
inaccurate way, as something he or she is not
Example: a news station shows a live shot of a
street corner where prostitutes are said to
frequent. Then, a lady walks by in the shot.
She sued for false light and won.
13. 7 deadly sins of journalism
Deception – lying or misrepresenting yourself to
obtain information
Conflict of interest – accepting gifts or favors from
sources or promoting social and political causes
Bias – slanting a story by manipulating facts to sway
readers’ opinions
Fabrication – manufacturing quotes or imaginary
sources or writing anything you know to be untrue
Theft – obtaining information unlawfully or without
a source’s permission
Burning a source – deceiving or betraying the
confidence of those who provide information for a
story
Plagiarism – passing off someone else’s words or
ideas as your own
14. Ethics matter
As journalist’s, you will be torn between the
right of the public to know and some other
moral tenet – perhaps the invasion of an
individual’s privacy, which would militate
against publication.
Although no one philosophy can always
explain a person's motivation, generally
speaking, a basic knowledge of the following
ethical philosophies will help you learn of
your personal perspectives.
15. 1 Aristotle’s Golden Mean
Aristotle wanted everyone to be happy
So, he adopted the Golden Mean principle,
which is living neither to excess nor to
frugality but in moderation somewhere
between the two
Courage lies between cowardice and
recklessness, or think of this as picking the
mean and avoiding the extremes
However, there are some problems with this.
Some virtues are absolute, like truth.
16. 2 Immanuel Kant’s
Categorical Imperative
Act according to the maxim that you would
wish all other rational people to follow, as if
it were a universal law.
This means you would act by asking yourself
the question, “What if everyone acted this
way?”
17. 3 John Stuart Mill and Unity
Instead of that being the good which serves
one's own interest and provides for one's own
pleasure, the utilitarian's take that which
produces the greatest amount of pleasure
for the greatest number of people
This is the principle of UTILITY, which is about
producing the maximum amount of
happiness.
18. 4 John Rawl’s Veil of
Ignorance
Seeing everyone through a veil, without noticing
age, race, sex, and so on maintains "basic respect
for all humans…”
What would rational beings decide was best in
situations where not all the humans involved are
equal in physical conditions, social or economic
circumstance?
Basically, treat all people equally without regard
to their political, economical, social positions
There are no advantages for any one class of
people when all are reduced to their basic
position in life.
19. The Potter Box
The four-step model for deciding ethical
dilemmas
The first step is to define the facts at hand
Second step is to identify your values (breaking
the story first, being fair, being accurate, etc.)
Third is to apply the ethical principle and how it
works in journalism
Four is to find your loyalties – for a journalist,
pursing the truth that the audience needs to
know is a paramount loyalty, but so is your
allegiance to the profession, being fair to sources
and accurate
21. Values myweb.arbor.edu/rwoods/Media_Ethics7/intro.htm.ppt
Professional Moral Values Aesthetic The values are
Proximity Truthtelling Harmonious different
Firstness Humanness Pleasing everywhere. In
Impact/magnitude Justice/fairness Imaginative
Britain, for
Recency Freedom
instance, the
Conflict Independence Logical
Human Interest Stewardship press respects
Consistent
Entertainment Honesty the court when
Competent
Novelty Nonviolence Knowledge-
withholding
Toughness Commitment able names of
Thoroughness Self-control juveniles. In
Immediacy Socio-cultural America, we
Independence Thrift don’t.
No prior restraint Hard work We believe
Public’s right to Energy everyone has a
know Restraint right to know
Watchdog Heterosexuality the truth.
22. Loyalties
1. Duty to ourselves
2. Duty to clients / subscribers / supporters
3. Duty to our organization or firm
4. Duty to professional colleagues
5. Duty to society
Ethical decision-making must be marked by a sincere
sense of social responsibility and a genuine concern
for the citizenry
In the Potter Box the loyalty component necessitates
the acknowledgment of the implications of a decision
for institutions and social groups before an ethical
decision is made.
23. Dilemma #1:
Would you use information for a news story that you got from
messages posted by discussion groups (special interest email
lists) without contacting the people who posted the
message?
So, your writing a story and check a discussion group that is
open to the public from the women’s center at school. You
find messages posted by three women who claim to have
been sexually molested by a professor.
You tried unsuccessfully to contact them by email and phone.
The professor refuses to respond to you by email, by phone
or in person.
Will you use quotes from the discussion group in your story?
Will you name the professor?
The women?
You are on deadline and this is a competitive story…what do
you do?
24. Dilemma #1:
The definition: Should we run the comments?
The values: accuracy, truth, fairness, privacy
Ethical principle:
Loyalties:
25. Dilemma #1:
Decision: Journalists should test the accuracy of
information from all sources and exercise to
avoid inadvertent error.
Journalists should diligently seek out subjects of
news stories to give them an opportunity to
respond to allegations of wrong doing.
26. Dilemma #2:
Should we use obscenities in quotes? What do you
do if a source tells you not to quote him after the
interview, but before you go to press?
We shouldn’t use obscene words unless there is a
reason: if the obscenities are crucial, replace them
with the first letter and an ellipsis: f…
The decision to withdraw quotes after an interview
is difficult. Hopefully, you made it clear you were
on the record before the interview started.
Try negotiating with the source, because you do
have the right to use the information because you
identified your purpose clearly.
27. Dilemma #2:
The definition: Should we withdraw the quotes?
The values: Ethical values: decency, fairness, accuracy,
responsibility to readers and sources, credibility
Ethical principle:
Loyalties:
28. Dilemma #2:
Decision: If it’s more important to be fair to the
readers than to be fair to the source, run the
quotes. But then again, if you are jeopardizing
your newspaper’s credibility against the source’s
will, don’t run them. Are the quotes essential to
the story?
29. More dilemmas:
You belong to a campus club that is hosting a
charity-sponsored event that would make a
good story.
Should you write it?
SPJ says journalists should be free of
obligation to any interest other than the
public’s right to know.
You should avoid conflicts of interest, real or
perceived, and should disclose unavoidable
information.
30. More dilemmas:
Should you show your story to a source between
publication?
Journalists are usually opposed to prepublication
review by a source in most newsrooms because of
fears that the source may recant the statements
or may wish to change the copy.
Check the story with a source, instead, reading
back the technical parts or areas you need
clarification.
SPJ says journalists should test the accuracy of
information from all sources and exercise care to
avoid inadvertent error? What do you think?
31. More dilemmas:
Should you accept gifts from a source? Does
the value of the gift make a difference?
Your interviewing a band and the lead singer
gives you some swag, a free CD, T-shirt and
hat. You do not plan to write a review of the
CD. The total value is about $35. Should you
accept all, some or none of these gifts?
What are your values?
32. More dilemmas:
Values would include credibility, conflict of
interest…
SPJ says journalists should refuse gifts, favors,
fees, free travel and special treatment and
shun secondary employment, political
involvement, public office, and service in
community organizations if they compromise
journalistic integrity.
33. More dilemmas:
How truthful should you be when faced with
a conflict between protecting your client and
dealing with the media?
You work for a PR firm and deals with a baby
crib manufacturing company. Two babies
have died when their cribs collapsed. The
CEO is reluctant to issue a recall because it
would cost the company a fortune.
34. More dilemmas:
The CEO wants you to reassure the media that
the cribs are safe and not a direct result of any
faulty crib parts. He tells you the product
development team warned him a few years ago
that the sides of the crib were not secure, but it
would be too costly to replace them.
If the media asks, he wants you to deny the
company ever had any indication the cribs might
be defective.
Will you lie or withhold information? What steps
will you propose to the CEO?
35. More dilemmas:
Values?
Truth, credibility, fairness, loyalty to your client
The Public Relations Society of America says that
a member shall adhere to truth and accuracy and
to generally accepted standards of good taste.
A member shall safeguard the confidences or
present and former clients.
A member shall not engage in any practice that
tends to corrupt the integrity of channels of
communication or the processes of government.
36. Undercover dilemma
Would you go undercover? You received
complaints from black students that
apartment managers are discriminating
against them, saying all the apartments had
just been rented in the white neighborhoods.
A white and black reporter on staff decide to
go undercover by seeking apartments
separately and then reporting back to see
about different responses. Is deception the
only way to get this story?
37. Undercover dilemma
Values – truth and public interest, along with
fairness
Guidelines: SPJ says to avoid undercover or other
surreptitious methods of gathering information
except when traditional open methods will not
yield information vital to the public.
38. One more dilemma
How much should you reveal about a person in a
profile? What is your responsibility for the
consequence?
A reporter profiles an illegal Mexican immigrant.
She asks if he understood that his name and picture
would be in the newspaper. He said he understood
and if he got deported, it was his destiny.
So, the story ran and immigration officials
apprehended him.
The Hispanic community was outraged. The
newspaper wrote a column defending the story but
said the people should have thought more about
the impact.
What do you think?
39. One more dilemma
Would you have included the name and picture?
How much responsibility do you have for the
consequences of a profile if the source gives you
information that could be damaging?
Guidelines: on one hand, SPJ says, “seek the
truth and report it.”
On the other, the code of ethics says, “Minimize
harm.”
Which is the greater good?