The document discusses the earthquake resistance of load bearing masonry structures. It notes that traditionally built masonry structures are vulnerable during earthquakes due to lack of structural integrity and proper connections between building components. Specifically, it highlights issues like inadequate wall anchorage, instability of slender walls, separation of wall wythes, and collapse of walls supporting roof structures. The document provides suggestions for improving earthquake resistance, such as introducing horizontal bands, use of ring beams, improving wall robustness. It emphasizes the importance of overall building shape and size, and proper distribution of mass and lateral loads.

1. EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE OF LOAD
BEARING STRUCTURES

6. 2005 NPEEE Earthquake Design
Concept : Lecture 5:
Earthquake Load on Simple
6/15

7. 2005 NPEEE Earthquake Design
Concept : Lecture 5:
Earthquake Load on Simple
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Concept : Lecture 5:
Earthquake Load on Simple
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Concept : Lecture 5:
Earthquake Load on Simple
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Concept : Lecture 5:
Earthquake Load on Simple
10/15

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Concept : Lecture 5:
Earthquake Load on Simple
11/15

13. 2005 NPEEE Earthquake Design
Concept : Lecture 6: Seismic
Design Philosophy & Code
13/16

14. 2005 NPEEE Earthquake Design
Concept : Lecture 10: Earthen
& Stone Wall Building
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Concept : Lecture 10: Earthen
& Stone Wall Building
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16. Non-engineered constructions… mere death traps

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Concept : Lecture 10: Earthen
& Stone Wall Building
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Concept : Lecture 10: Earthen
& Stone Wall Building
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64 x 23x23/400 = 84.64 cm.

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Concept : Lecture 10: Earthen
& Stone Wall Building
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Concept : Lecture 10: Earthen
& Stone Wall Building
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8 x 30 = 240 cm

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Concept : Lecture 10: Earthen
& Stone Wall Building
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Concept : Lecture 10: Earthen
& Stone Wall Building
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Concept : Lecture 10: Earthen
& Stone Wall Building
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two courses of burnt brick instead of adobe for
resting of roof structure

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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Damage due to inadequate
connection between the wall

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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Mangalore tiles roof with out gable bend (BHUJ)

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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Thick wall with small size rubble
& no THROUGH _ STONE
Splitting of walls

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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Lack of Structural Integrity….
Lack of proper connections capable of withstanding
compression and tension forces between various building
components

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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Out-of-plane Wall Weaknesses…..
Out-of-plane failures …………..
•Due to inadequate wall-diaphragm anchorage & instability of
slender walls
• Dynamic instability of long unsupported walls such as gable end
walls.
Separation of WythesGable & Cross Walls

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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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• Loss of support for roof trusses and joists
Collapse of wall supporting roof structure

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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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•make slender piers undergo bending
instead of rocking
•resist horizontal E.Q. forces
•Delay X cracking
•Protect wall from sliding and collapsing

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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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52. 2005 NPEEE Earthquake Design
Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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BHUJ EARTH QUAKE

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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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•overall shape and size of
building
•distribution of mass and
horizontal lateral load

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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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(L,T,E,Y shapes)

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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Bearing Masonry Buildings
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conclude...

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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Concept : Lecture 11: Load
Bearing Masonry Buildings
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Bearing Masonry Buildings
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63. NPEEE- VERNACULARR STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
LEARNING EARTHQUAKE DESIGN AND STRUCTURE
- C.V.R MURTHY, IIT KANPUR.
BIBILOGRAPHY-
GROUP MEMBERS-
AKANKSHA BALPANDE 1205
GEETA GUJARATHI 1220
SHREYA MAHAJAN 1235
POONAM WADKAR 1267