This document presents an overview of bioremediation and the enzymes used. It discusses how bacteria, fungi, and plant enzymes are involved in biodegrading toxic pollutants. Major enzymes discussed include lignin peroxidase, horseradish peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase. Advantages of bioremediation are that it is relatively inexpensive and doesn't require removing contaminated soil. Limitations include difficulty controlling bacteria and limited effectiveness on non-biodegradable compounds.

2. Presented by
Saurabh Verma
msc (biotechnology)
Semester II
B.B.A.U.

3. Outline
 Background
 Bioremediation
 Enzymes
 Major enzymes used in bioremediation
 Case Study
 Advantages of bioremediation
 Limitations of bioremediation
 Conclusion
 References

4. Background
Alarge number of enzymes
from bacteria, fungi, and
plants are involved in the
biodegradation of toxic
organic pollutants.
Bioremediation is the use
of living organism for the
recovery or clean up of
contaminated medium.
Environment
Atmosphere
EarthSpace
Water
Fig.1: contaminated medium

5. Bioremediation

6. Enzymes Used In Bioremediation
(Contd)
Microbialperoxidases
Microbial
oxidoreductases
 Microbial Laccases
Microbial Oxygenases
Monooxygenases
Microbial dioxygenases

7. Case Study of Enzymes Used in
Bioremediation
Very effective in the bioremediation of PAHs
 LIPs catalyse reactions in the presence of hydrogen
peroxide
Lignin peroxidase obtained from Phanerochaete
chrysosporium is effective against methylene blue
and azure B dyes
Lignin Peroxidase

8. 

Horseradish Peroxidase
HRP is a proxidase that is secreted by the root hairs
of the horseradish plant
Catalyse oxidation of phenols, biphenols, anilines and
benzidines etc.

9. dependent enzyme,
but it can only
oxidize organics
when in the
presence of Mn(Il).
.
Manganese Peroxidase
MnP is a
hydrogen peroxide
hanism of MnP
Figure 3: Mechanism of Manganese Peroxidase

10. Manganese Peroxidase(Contd.)
MnP oxidizes Mn(II) to Mn(III), which acts as an
obligatory oxidation intermediate for the oxidation of
of various compounds.
The Mn(IlI) ions migrate away from the enzyme and
start the oxidation of the lignin and other compounds.
compounds.

11. Advantages of Bioremediation
It is relatively expensive
No building needs to be dug up and removed
The method has been used effectively on oil spills and
clean ups in the past
As long as there is toxic waste, the bacteria continues
to feed on it.

12. Limitations of Bioremediation
Bacteria direction difficult to control
Lots of germs will be spread around
Most people are concerned that these bacteria may be
able to make people sick.
 It is limited to those compounds that are
biodegradable

13. Conclusion
Bioremediation is a powerful tool to clean up
contaminated sites.
Regardless of which aspect is used, it offers a safer
and more cost effective way to clean up contaminated
sites.
It’s advantages generally outnumber its disadvantages
owing to the number of sites that have been cleaned
up using this method and its increasing popularity.

14. References
R. S. Peixoto,A. B. Vermelho, andA. S. Rosado; 2011;
Petroleum-Degrading Enzymes: Bioremediation and New
Prospects; Volume 2011; 1-7.
Prezi.com
Snehal S. Menhon slide share
https://www.khanacademy.org
https://www.scribd.com
http://www.slideshare.net/vanithagopal/bioremediation-
41934065
http://www.kolumbus.fi/ilona.barlund/martinsprojects.htm
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