Downloaded 107 times
Uploaded byKayla Ross
Final bioremediation
An Oregon nonprofit group called Ocean Blue Project is using mushrooms to clean up pollutants like pesticides from waterways through a process called bioremediation. Bioremediation uses microorganisms like bacteria and fungi to break down hazardous chemicals into harmless byproducts. The group is harnessing fungi like oyster mushrooms, which can break down pollutants either on site or by extracting contaminated soil. Specific microorganisms like Pseudomonas putida, Deinococcus radiodurans, and Alcanivorax borkumensis are able to degrade various toxic chemicals and hydrocarbon pollutants through bioremediation.
More Related Content
Similar to Final bioremediation
Final bioremediation
- 1.
- 2. Recent News ● Oregon GroupUses Mushrooms for Bioremediation Washington, DC--(ENEWSPF)--January 23, 2014. Putting ideas into action, an Oregon-based restoration nonprofit group, Ocean Blue Project, is harnessing the power of mushrooms to clean up pesticides and other pollutants that plague Oregon and national waterways. Yes, mushrooms.
- 3. What is Bioremediation? Useof bacteria, fungi, and plants to remove or degrade hazardous pollutants into harmless byproducts like carbon dioxide and water Overall Goal: Overcome the factors that are limiting the natural degradation of the contaminants.
- 4.
- 5. Types of Bioremediation InSitu The treatment of the contamination on site Biostimulation Simply by adding nutrients and oxygen to enhance the capabilities of any microorganisms already present at the contamination site. Bioaugmentation Cleanup crews apply specifically engineered microorganisms that are specially designed to break down the contaminants. Ex Situ The physical extraction of the contaminated media to another location for treatment.
- 6. Microbes Role Aerobic In aerobicconditions, microbes need oxygen in order to perform their duties. With enough oxygen, they will be to transform the contaminants in the soil into water and carbon. (Aerobic bioremediation usually is preferred because it degrades pollutants 10 to 100 times faster than anaerobic bioremediation.) Anaerobic In anaerobic conditions, microbes work without oxygen. The chemical compounds that are in the soil are decomposed by the bacteria, which creates energy that the
- 7. Let’s Get Specific! Pseudomonas Putida Deinococcus radiodurans Alcanivorax borkumensis
- 8. Microorganisms at Work Pseudomonasputida-“Superbug” Gram-negative bacterium Aerobic Very versatile metabolism Degrade an array of toxic chemicals, including gasoline components Degrade toluene, a component of paint thinner Degrade Styrofoam™ The electron micrograph
- 9. Microorganisms at Work Deinococcusradiodurans-”The world’s toughest bacterium” Gram-positive bacteria that usually forms in spherical pairs or tetrads Aerobic Genetically Engineered Microorganism Modified to consume and digest toluene ionic mercury from highly radioactive nuclear waste An electron micrograph of Deinococcus radiodurans, an extremely radiation resistant bacterium which produces potent antioxidant manganese complexes.
- 10. Microorganisms at Work Alcanivoraxborkumensis Gram-negative, rod-shaped hydrocarbonoclastic (“oildegrading”) bacterium Thrives in halophilic, aerobic environments Found in the upper layers of freshwater or marine environments: Mediterranean Sea, Pacific Ocean and Arctic Sea Involved in the bioremediation of oil-contaminated aquatic environments.
- 11.
- 12.
- 13. More Than JustMicrobes Factors of Bioremediation Type(s) of contamination Extent of contamination Toxicity of contaminants Location and characteristics of the site economic situation microbes source of carbon and energy electron acceptor availability. temperature and other weather conditions nutrients available to the microbes - this includes types of nutrients and amount of nutrients pH of contaminated site - must be between 5 and 10 work in general. Optimal conditions are pH 6-8. moisture content (for soil contamination)
- 14. Soil Sample Collection LabTesting of the Soil The soil sample is taken to a lab where it is tested Soil samples are collected from different depths
- 15. Bioremediation Can’t WinThem All High Metal Concentrations - Metals that cannot be broken down include arsenic, cadmium, mercury, copper, chromium and zinc. Mercury is the most toxic of heavy metals. Highly Chlorinated Organic Molecules - These are organic molecules that have multiple chlorine atoms attached to them. Inorganic salts - This includes substances such as sodium thiosulfate, sulfur dioxide, sodium metabisulfite, trimethylamine hydrochoride, and ferric chloride.
Editor's Notes
- #6 However, this process is not very effective because it is hard to control the growth of microbes to get rid of the particular contaminant(Bioaugmentaton)This method is usually attempted to some degree at every site because it is the simplest approach.(biostimulation)
- #7 Anaerobic:With enough oxygen, they will be to transform the contaminants in the soil into water and carbon.Aeorbic:
- #11 In unpolluted water, A. borkumensis is found in low numbers. This is due to the limited availability of nutrients, namely phosphorus and nitrogen. However, in oil-contaminated water, the addition of phosphorus and nitrogen allows A. borkumensis populations to thrive