1. Benign tumors of the nasopharynx are rare and include juvenile angiofibroma, hematomas, dermoids, and craniopharyngiomas. 2. Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a benign but locally invasive tumor that occurs mostly in males aged 10-25 and consists of vascular and fibrous tissue that can spread to surrounding areas. 3. Malignant tumors of the nasopharynx are more common, especially squamous cell carcinoma in Chinese populations, and may be caused by Epstein-Barr virus. Clinical features include nasal, aural, and neurological symptoms as well as nodal involvement. Diagnosis is by biopsy and treatment involves radiotherapy

1. Tumours of the Pharynx

2. TUMOURS OF THE NASOPHARYNX Tumours of the nasopharynx can be benign or malignant. Benign tumours of the nasopharynx are rare. These are grouped as follows. 1. Juvenile angiofibroma 2. Hamatomas and dermoids 3. Craniopharyngiomas (from Rathke's pouch) 4. Lipoma, fibroma and neurofibroma

3. TUMOURS OF THE NASOPHARYNX Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma This is a benign but locally invasive lesion of the nasopharynx. It occurs almost exclusively in males between 10 to 25 years of age. The tumour tends to regress or stop growing after 25 years of age.

4. TUMOURS OF THE NASOPHARYNX Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma Pathology 1-Vascular component 2-Fibrous stroma

5. TUMOURS OF THE NASOPHARYNX Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma Spread of Tumour The tumour from its origin in the nasopharynx, fills the nasopharyngeal space and may spread anteriorly to the nasal cavities. It may extend to pterygopalatinefossa and present in the orbit or cheek. The tumour can spread into the intracranial cavity by eroding its base or through it foramina.

6. TUMOURS OF THE NASOPHARYNX Clinical feature: nasal obstr and epistaxis Investigation : biopsy ? Ext carotid angiography X ray Treatment Correction of anaemai and surgery

7. TUMOURS OF THE NASOPHARYNX Malignant Tumours of Nasopharynx . Squamous cell carcinoma 60-75%. (commonest) Aetiological Factors in Carcinoma of the Nasopharynx This cancer is common in people of Chinese origin. Males are more commonly affected and growths are more common in the relatively younger age group. Epstien-Barr virus may be the cause, but its role is not clear. Susceptible genetic constitution plays a part.

8. TUMOURS OF THE NASOPHARYNX Malignant Tumours of Nasopharynx

9. TUMOURS OF THE NASOPHARYNX Malignant Tumours of Nasopharynx Clinical feature Nasal Aural Neurological nodal

10. TUMOURS OF THE NASOPHARYNX Malignant Tumours of Nasopharynx Diagnosis Biopsy Traement radiotherapy

11. TUMOURS OF THE OROPHARYNX The common benign tumours from the oropharyngeal region include papilloma and plemorphic adenoma. Papillomas Papillomas usually arise on the soft palate or the faucial pillars and form mobile warty growths. They are mostly asymptomatic. Treatment is surgical excision. Pleomorphic Salivary Adenoma Tumour may sometimes arise from the salivary glandular tissue distributed over the palate or faucial region.

12. TUMOURS OF THE OROPHARYNX The commonest malignant neoplasm of this region is the squamous cell carcinoma. SquamousCell Carcinoma in the Oropharyngeal Region It may arise from tonsils, palate or the posterior pharyngeal wall. The disease is common in men than in women. There is strong relationship of this disease with smoking and betelnut chewing.

13. TUMOURS OF THE OROPHARYNX Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Oropharyngeal region Staging T1—Tumour less than 2 cm in diameter. T2—Tumour 2-4 cm in diameter. T3—Tumour more than 4 cm. T4—Massive tumours.

14. TUMOURS OF THE OROPHARYNX Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Oropharyngeal region Treatment radiotherapy

15. TUMORS OF THE LARYNGOPHARYNX Squamous cell carcinoma (moderately differentiated) is the commonest type of cancer of this region. Regions Pyriformfossae Post cricoid Post pharyngeal wall

16. TUMORS OF THE LARYNGOPHARYNX Clinical features Dysphagia Muffled voice Referred otalgia Treatment Surgery and radiotherapy

17. thanks