This document discusses various ways to connect ideas in English using conjunctions such as and, but, or, so, because, even though/although. It provides examples of how to use these conjunctions to connect words, phrases, clauses, and full sentences. It also covers topics like punctuation rules when using coordinating conjunctions within a sentence, subject-verb agreement with compound subjects, and maintaining parallel structure.

1. ENGLISH COMPLEX GRAMMER

2. Rudi Rahman, S.pd.,M.Li.
University ofTriatma Mulya
NAME : NDIAWATONDA MBITU
NIM : 189320302

3. Connecting Ideas:
Connecting ideas with and
Connecting ideas with but, and, or
Connecting ideas with so
Connecting ideas with because
Connecting ideas with even though/although

4. Connecting ideas with and
When and connects only two words (or phrase) within a sentence, no comma is used,
when and connects three or more items within a sentence, comma are used.
Ex: a. I saw a cat and a mouse.(no comma).
b. I saw a cat, a mouse, and a dog. (comma).
Connecting two sentence:
I saw a cat, and you saw a mouse(comma).
I saw a cat, you saw a mouse(period).
Without And two commplete sentence are separate by a period.

5. Connecting ideas with but and or
And , but ,and or are called conjunction. Like and, but, and or connect items within a
sentence.
For example: - I want to bed but could’t sleep.
- Is a lemon sweet or sour?
- Did you order coffe, tea, or milk?
- I saw a cat . And you saw a mouse

6. Connecting IdeasWith So
So can be used as a conjunction. It is preceded by a comma.
For example :The room was dark, so I turneed on a light.
Using AuxiliaryVerbs After But and And.
After But andAnd, often only an auxiliary ver is used
Example : - I don’t like cofee, but my husband does
- I won’t be here, and he won’t either.

7. Using And +Too + So, Either, Neither
For example: - Sue works, and fom does too.
- Sue works, and so does toom.
- Ann does’t work, and joe doesn’t either
- Ann doesn’t work, and neither does joe.
Connecting Ideas with Because
Because express a cause; it gives a reash.Why did he drink water? Reason = he was thirsty.
Example : He drink water because he was thirsty.
Why you here in my classrom ?
Because I want to learn english

8. Connecting Ideas with event thougt/athough
Ewen though and although introduce an adverb clause
Example : - I did hot eat even though I was hungry
- I did not eat although I was hungry
Coordinating Canjunctions
Conjuetion is to connect words or phrase that have the same gramma that funcition in a
sentance.Canjuetions used “ paralled structure.The canjuctions used in this pattern are
and , but, or, hor.These words are called “ coondinating conjuetion
Example : - steve and his friends are coming to dinner ( noun+and+han)
- Susan raised her hand and snapped her fingers ( verb+and+verb)
-These shnes are old but comfortable ( adj+but+adj)
- He wants to watchTv or listen to some music ( infinitinr+or+invitinife)

9. Palired canjutios : both, and, not only, but olso,either, or, neither, nor
Two subjects connected by both, and take a plural verb
For example : - Both my mother and my sister are here.
- Not only my mother but also my sister is here
- Meither my mother nor my sister is her
- I’ll take either chemistry or physics next Quartar

10. Coordination withim the santence
Punetuation a simple punctuartion rule applies to nearly all the compound pairs of words,
phrase, and clauses that onher withim the sentence.
Example: He said that he would get here sooner or later and that I shouldn’t start the
vehearsal withant him ( compound nominal clauses)
Subject-Verb – Agreement
When names or noun phrase in the subject slot are joined by and or by the correlative
both and, the subject is plural.
Example: my room late and his brother are comming to the wedding
Paraller structure the conjunetions must join comparable structure
Example :The short blonde women and her apsicot pooldle to belong together