Conjunctions are used to join parts of sentences and clauses. There are three basic types: coordinating conjunctions connect two independent clauses; subordinating conjunctions connect a dependent clause to an independent clause; and correlative conjunctions always travel in pairs to join equal parts. Common coordinating conjunctions include and, but, or, yet, and so. Common subordinating conjunctions are because, as, since, so, although, though, whereas, while, and after. Correlative conjunctions include both...and, not only...but also, not...but, either...or, neither...nor, and whether...or.

1. Conjunctions
and but
because
not only
which
although
either
Words that link parts of text
yet
howeverfurthermore
additionally
nor
or

2.  A conjunction is a joiner, a word that connectsA conjunction is a joiner, a word that connects
parts of a sentence.parts of a sentence.
 There are three basic types of conjunctions.There are three basic types of conjunctions.
 coordinating conjunctionscoordinating conjunctions used to connect twoused to connect two
independent clauses,independent clauses,
 subordinating conjunctionssubordinating conjunctions used to connect theused to connect the
dependent clause and the rest of the sentence, anddependent clause and the rest of the sentence, and
 correlative conjunctionscorrelative conjunctions which always travel inwhich always travel in
pairs, and join sentence parts that should be treatedpairs, and join sentence parts that should be treated
as equal.as equal.

3. COORDINATINGCOORDINATING
CONJUNCTIONSCONJUNCTIONS
 Coordinating conjunctions may join single words, orCoordinating conjunctions may join single words, or
they may join groups of words,they may join groups of words,
 They always join similar elements: e.g.They always join similar elements: e.g.
subject+subject, verb phrase+verb phrase,subject+subject, verb phrase+verb phrase,
sentence+sentence.sentence+sentence.
 The seven coordinating conjunctions in English are:The seven coordinating conjunctions in English are:
 FORFOR
 ANDAND
 NORNOR
 BUTBUT
 OROR
 YETYET
 SOSO

4. ExamplesExamples
 The mouse ran across the room,The mouse ran across the room, butbut he stoppedhe stopped
when he saw the cat.when he saw the cat.
 We can go to the football game,We can go to the football game, oror we can gowe can go
to the movies.to the movies.
 JaneJane andand Marie went to the animal shelter.Marie went to the animal shelter.

5. EASY REMINDEREASY REMINDER
 An easy way to remember these sixAn easy way to remember these six
conjunctions is to think of the wordconjunctions is to think of the word
FANBOYS. Each of the letters in thisFANBOYS. Each of the letters in this
somewhat unlikely word is the first letter ofsomewhat unlikely word is the first letter of
one of the coordinating conjunctions.one of the coordinating conjunctions.
 Among the coordinating conjunctions, theAmong the coordinating conjunctions, the
most common, of course, are AND, BUT andmost common, of course, are AND, BUT and
OR.OR.

6. Conjunctions are used to join sentences or clauses together.
SUBORDINATINGSUBORDINATING
CONJUNCTIONSCONJUNCTIONS
•A subordinating conjunction is a word
which joins together a dependent clause and
an independent clause.
•Common subordinating conjunctions:
BECAUSE, AS, SINCE, SO,
ALTHOUGH, (even) THOUGH,
WHEREAS, WHILE, AFTER

7. Susie saw a dog.
The dog only had three legs.
Conjunctions are used to join sentences or clauses together.
Susie saw a dog, which only had three legs.

8. Sarah ran away from the dog.
The dog barked at Sarah.
Sarah ran away because the dog barked.
Sarah ran away when the dog barked.
Conjunctions are used to join sentences or clauses together.
Sarah ran away until the dog barked.

9. Correlative CONJUNCTIONSCorrelative CONJUNCTIONS
 Some conjunctionsSome conjunctions
combine with othercombine with other
words to form what arewords to form what are
called correlativecalled correlative
conjunctions. Theyconjunctions. They
always travel in pairs,always travel in pairs,
joining sentence partsjoining sentence parts
that should be treated asthat should be treated as
equal.equal.
Common CorrelativeCommon Correlative
Conjunctions:Conjunctions:
both . . . andboth . . . and
not only . . . but alsonot only . . . but also
not . . . butnot . . . but
either . . . oreither . . . or
neither . . . norneither . . . nor
whether . . . orwhether . . . or

10. ExamplesExamples
 NeitherNeither PaulPaul nornor Ben saw the snake on theBen saw the snake on the
ground.ground.
 I am happyI am happy whetherwhether we go to the gamewe go to the game oror not.not.
 I’m going not only to the concert, but also
backstage!