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Engineering materials & structure property
This document provides an overview of basic and advanced engineering materials. It discusses metals and alloys, ceramics, polymers, composites, semiconductors, and biomaterials. For each material type, it describes characteristics, examples, and applications. It also explains that the structure of a material depends on how it is processed, and a material's performance depends on its properties, which originate from its internal structure.
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Engineering materials & structure property
- 1. Engineering materials &Structure property by:-1) Pratik surani(140070125030) 2) vikram shiyal(140070125029) Guided by:-Mr.amit trivedi
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- 3. Basic engineering materials •Metals & Alloys • Cerimic • Polymers
- 4. • Good thermaland electrical conductivity • Relatively high melting point • Shining when polished • Ductility • Hardness • Weldability • Strength • Castability • toughness 1) Metals & Alloys
- 5. Metals Ferrous metals • Containingiron as their primary elements • E.g. pig iron , wrought iron, steels etc. Non ferrous metals • Not containing iron as primary elements • E.g. copper, aluminum, tin ,gold,etc.
- 6. Engineering Materials Metals Ferrous Iron Steel Pig iron Cast iron Wrought iron Non-Ferrous Copper& Alloys Aluminium Zinc Tin Lead Non-Metals Rubber Plastics Resin
- 7. Applications of metals& alloys • Majority of components depending upon their applications like….. • Wires or rope • Shaft • Engine and piston • Turbine blade • Shafts • Gear • Parts of machine And many more applications …………
- 8. Ceramic • Compounds ofmetallic or non metallic elements such as SiC,BaTiO3,siO2 ,etc. • They are usually oxides,nitrides,carbides or silicates of various metals • Rock & clay are natural ceramics • Inorganic, non metallic solids which used at high temperatures
- 9. Characteristics of ceramics •Extremely hard • Brittle • Poor elasticity • Resistant to high temperature • Insulative to electric current • Chemically inert • Non-transparent • High Temperature Strength • Non-crystalline
- 10. Ceramic Example of ceramic •Sand • Brick • Glass • Cement • Concrete • Silicone Carbide • Tungsten Carbide • Abrasive Application of Ceramic • As a cutting tool tip • Refractory Bricks In Lining of furnace • Ladders • Insulators of electric lines • Lining of cement mixtures
- 11. Polymers • These arecarbon compounds. • They chemically consist of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen or other non-metalic elements bonded by strong covalent bonds • Solid of long molecular chain • They can be natural, synthetic or manufactured
- 12. Characteristics of Polymers •Light weight(low density) • Soft • Flammable • Flexible • Poor conductor of heat and electricity • Poor resistance to temperature • Low melting points • Good Mould ability • Degradable due to radiation
- 13. Polymers Example • Plastic(PVC,PUF,ABS,ETC.) • Rubber •Fuels • Oils • Paints • Textiles(cotton & nylon) • Adhesives • Wood • Urea Application • Insulator in electric application • As fuels • Refrigerant in Refrigerators • Lubricant • Protection against corrosion • Providing good appearance to products • Rubber gasket for leakproofness • Tubes and tires
- 14. Advance Engineering Materials •Composites • Semiconductors • Bio-materials
- 15. Composites • Definitions: Amultiphase material artificially made to obtain certain set of properties which will not be provided by individual constituent phase or material. • Combination of more than one type of engineering materials. • Produced by combining 2 or 3 basic engineering materials. • Show a combination of best properties of each component material mix together. • Provide unlimited strength , stiffness and corrosion resistance.
- 16. Examples of compsite •RCC (reinforced cement concreat) • Dispersion hardended alloys • Frp(fibre reinforced plastics) • Crp(carbon reinforced plastics) • Vinyle-coated steel (teflon) • Fiber glass
- 17. Semiconductors • Electric conductivityintermediate between those of conductors and insulators • Electric property are highly dependent on presence of impurity atoms or holes
- 18. Semiconductor Examples • GAP • AlSb •InP • GaAs Application • Photon cell • LED • Transistor • Diode • Amplifier
- 19. Bio Materials • Definition:Material which are used for structural application in the medical field are known as bio material • These material should not produce any toxic effect in body tissues.
- 20. Applications • Use ascomponent to be implement in human or animal body for replacement of damaged or diseased body part • Orthopedic (bone repairing) • Dental arch wires • Micro-surgical instruments • Blood colt filter • Guide wires
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- 22. Structure-Property-Performance Relationship • Properties ofmaterials originate due to internal structure • e-,p+,n0 these affect the property of materials • Property means behavior/Reaction of material against external stimuli • Structure depends on how it is processed and material’s performance will be a function on its properties • Thus, the inter relationship among processing, structure, properties and performance is linear