The endocrine system is made up of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate distant target organs and tissues. The major glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries and testes. Hormones are grouped into steroids, peptides and amines based on their chemical structure. The hypothalamus controls hormone release from the pituitary which regulates other glands. Diseases can occur if hormone levels become imbalanced. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and diet can help keep the endocrine system functioning properly.
The endocrine system regulates processes like growth, metabolism and reproduction through glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. It includes glands like the pituitary, thyroid, pancreas and adrenals. The pituitary gland is often called the "master gland" as it controls other glands by producing hormones like growth hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone. Too little or too much of any hormone can cause disorders, but controlling hormone levels through medication can treat conditions like diabetes and thyroid disorders.
The document describes the major endocrine glands of the human body, including the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, pancreas, adrenal glands, testes, and ovaries. It details the location and functions of each gland, such as hormone production and regulation of processes like metabolism, growth, and sexual development. The endocrine system works through feedback loops to maintain homeostasis in the body.
The document summarizes key endocrine glands and hormones, including their locations, functions, and effects. The pituitary gland regulates other endocrine glands and hormones. Hormones include growth hormone, thyroid hormones, insulin, estrogen, testosterone, and others. Disorders can result from too little or too much of certain hormones, affecting growth, metabolism, and other bodily functions.
The document discusses various types of chemical signals in the body including hormones, neurotransmitters, and pheromones. It describes where these signals are produced, how they travel to target cells, and the responses they elicit by binding to receptors. Specific examples covered include hormones secreted by the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, ovaries/testes, and posterior pituitary. The roles and mechanisms of various hormone types such as peptides, steroids, and eicosanoids are also summarized.
The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce and secrete hormones, chemical substances produced in the body that regulate the activity of cells or organs. These hormones regulate the body's growth, metabolism (the physical and chemical processes of the body), and sexual development and function.
Endocrine System and its glands in briefরেজা তানজিল
The endocrine system is a chemical messenger system comprising feedback loops of the hormones released by internal glands of an organism directly into the circulatory system, regulating distant target organs. In humans, the major endocrine glands are the thyroid gland and the adrenal glands. In vertebrates, the hypothalamus is the neural control center for all endocrine systems. The study of the endocrine system and its disorders is known as endocrinology. Endocrinology is a branch of internal medicine.[1]
A number of glands that signal each other in sequence are usually referred to as an axis, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. In addition to the specialized endocrine organs mentioned above, many other organs that are part of other body systems have secondary endocrine functions, including bone, kidneys, liver, heart and gonads. For example, the kidney secretes the endocrine hormone erythropoietin. Hormones can be amino acid complexes, steroids, eicosanoids, leukotrienes, or prostaglandins.[1]
The endocrine system can be contrasted to both exocrine glands, which secrete hormones to the outside of the body, and paracrine signalling between cells over a relatively short distance. Endocrine glands have no ducts, are vascular, and commonly have intracellular vacuoles or granules that store their hormones. In contrast, exocrine glands, such as salivary glands, sweat glands, and glands within the gastrointestinal tract, tend to be much less vascular and have ducts or a hollow lumen.
Anatomy and physiology of endocrine system by Simhachalam K L VLVSimhachalam
The endocrine system is comprised of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate functions in target organs. The major endocrine glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Hormones control metabolism, growth and development, reproduction, and the body's response to stress. Imbalances in hormone levels can lead to disorders that may be treated by controlling hormone production or utilization.
The endocrine system regulates processes like growth, metabolism and reproduction through glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. It includes glands like the pituitary, thyroid, pancreas and adrenals. The pituitary gland is often called the "master gland" as it controls other glands by producing hormones like growth hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone. Too little or too much of any hormone can cause disorders, but controlling hormone levels through medication can treat conditions like diabetes and thyroid disorders.
The document describes the major endocrine glands of the human body, including the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, pancreas, adrenal glands, testes, and ovaries. It details the location and functions of each gland, such as hormone production and regulation of processes like metabolism, growth, and sexual development. The endocrine system works through feedback loops to maintain homeostasis in the body.
The document summarizes key endocrine glands and hormones, including their locations, functions, and effects. The pituitary gland regulates other endocrine glands and hormones. Hormones include growth hormone, thyroid hormones, insulin, estrogen, testosterone, and others. Disorders can result from too little or too much of certain hormones, affecting growth, metabolism, and other bodily functions.
The document discusses various types of chemical signals in the body including hormones, neurotransmitters, and pheromones. It describes where these signals are produced, how they travel to target cells, and the responses they elicit by binding to receptors. Specific examples covered include hormones secreted by the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, ovaries/testes, and posterior pituitary. The roles and mechanisms of various hormone types such as peptides, steroids, and eicosanoids are also summarized.
The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce and secrete hormones, chemical substances produced in the body that regulate the activity of cells or organs. These hormones regulate the body's growth, metabolism (the physical and chemical processes of the body), and sexual development and function.
Endocrine System and its glands in briefরেজা তানজিল
The endocrine system is a chemical messenger system comprising feedback loops of the hormones released by internal glands of an organism directly into the circulatory system, regulating distant target organs. In humans, the major endocrine glands are the thyroid gland and the adrenal glands. In vertebrates, the hypothalamus is the neural control center for all endocrine systems. The study of the endocrine system and its disorders is known as endocrinology. Endocrinology is a branch of internal medicine.[1]
A number of glands that signal each other in sequence are usually referred to as an axis, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. In addition to the specialized endocrine organs mentioned above, many other organs that are part of other body systems have secondary endocrine functions, including bone, kidneys, liver, heart and gonads. For example, the kidney secretes the endocrine hormone erythropoietin. Hormones can be amino acid complexes, steroids, eicosanoids, leukotrienes, or prostaglandins.[1]
The endocrine system can be contrasted to both exocrine glands, which secrete hormones to the outside of the body, and paracrine signalling between cells over a relatively short distance. Endocrine glands have no ducts, are vascular, and commonly have intracellular vacuoles or granules that store their hormones. In contrast, exocrine glands, such as salivary glands, sweat glands, and glands within the gastrointestinal tract, tend to be much less vascular and have ducts or a hollow lumen.
Anatomy and physiology of endocrine system by Simhachalam K L VLVSimhachalam
The endocrine system is comprised of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate functions in target organs. The major endocrine glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Hormones control metabolism, growth and development, reproduction, and the body's response to stress. Imbalances in hormone levels can lead to disorders that may be treated by controlling hormone production or utilization.
The document discusses the endocrine system, which controls the body through hormones rather than neurotransmitters like the nervous system. It describes the main endocrine glands that secrete hormones, including the pituitary gland and hypothalamus, which regulate other glands. The pituitary gland has an anterior and posterior lobe; the anterior lobe secretes trophic hormones that stimulate other glands, while the posterior lobe secretes oxytocin and ADH synthesized in the hypothalamus. Hormones allow for slower responses than the nervous system but can target distant organs.
The document provides information about the endocrine system. It defines key terms like glands, hormones, target cells, and homeostasis. It describes several important endocrine glands - the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and gonads. For each gland, it lists the major hormones secreted and their effects on the body. It also discusses several endocrine disorders and their symptoms.
The document summarizes the key components and functions of the endocrine system. It describes the pituitary gland and hypothalamus as the central regulators of other endocrine glands. The pituitary gland has an anterior and posterior lobe, each producing distinct hormones. The hypothalamus controls pituitary hormone release through releasing and inhibiting hormones. The major hormones produced and their roles in growth, metabolism, reproduction and other processes are outlined.
The document summarizes the key components and functions of the human endocrine system. It describes that the endocrine system is made up of glands that release chemical messengers called hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate distant target organs and tissues. It outlines the major glands of the endocrine system including the pituitary, hypothalamus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas and reproductive glands. It explains how hormones work, the differences between steroid and non-steroid hormones, and provides examples of endocrine disorders that can occur when glands are underactive or overactive.
The document summarizes key aspects of the endocrine system. It describes how hormones are chemical messengers that influence metabolic activity by binding to receptors and initiating responses. The major endocrine glands - pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, pancreas, adrenal glands, testes, and ovaries - are described along with their locations, secretions, and functions in processes like reproduction, growth, metabolism regulation, and stress response. The hypothalamus links the nervous system to the endocrine system by secreting hormones that stimulate or inhibit pituitary secretions.
The endocrine system is made up of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate physiological and behavioral functions throughout the body. The hypothalamus controls the endocrine system by secreting hormones that stimulate or inhibit the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland then secretes hormones that target other endocrine glands, such as the thyroid, to release additional hormones like thyroxine. Other major endocrine glands include the pancreas, adrenals, ovaries/testes, and pineal gland, each producing hormones unique to their functions in metabolism, stress response, reproduction, and circadian rhythms.
The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce hormones which regulate growth, metabolism, sexual development, and other bodily functions. The major glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Hormones act as chemical messengers to coordinate functions between different body parts and organs. Diseases like gigantism and dwarfism can result if the endocrine system and hormone production are disrupted.
The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate distant target organs and tissues. The major glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Hormones can be steroid hormones or peptide hormones. The endocrine system maintains homeostasis through feedback loops that regulate hormone production and secretion.
The endocrine system regulates important bodily functions through hormones. It includes glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, such as the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Hormones control processes like growth and development, metabolism, mood, and reproduction. While some glands release hormones through ducts, endocrine glands secrete hormones that travel through the bloodstream to target cells. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland control hormone production in other glands.
The document discusses the endocrine system and its various glands. It describes the location and functions of the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes, and their roles in regulating growth, metabolism, and sexual development. It also discusses disorders that can arise from hypo- or hyper- secretion of hormones.
The document discusses the endocrine system and its glands. It describes the main endocrine glands, including the pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and pineal gland. It explains the hormones each gland secretes and their functions in regulating growth, metabolism, sexual development, and other bodily processes. Additionally, it discusses puberty and the physical and emotional changes caused by the endocrine system during adolescence for both males and females.
The document discusses chemical signaling within the body via the nervous and endocrine systems. The nervous system mediates short-term, specific responses using neurotransmitters, while the endocrine system regulates longer-term metabolic processes throughout the body using hormones. Key endocrine glands discussed include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, and reproductive organs.
The document discusses the human endocrine system. It provides definitions of hormones and describes the major endocrine glands and their roles. The endocrine glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland control the other endocrine glands by producing releasing and inhibiting hormones. The endocrine glands secrete hormones like insulin, estrogen and testosterone to regulate processes throughout the body, including growth and development, metabolism, and reproduction.
The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce hormones which regulate processes in the body like metabolism, growth, tissue function, mood, and sexual function. It includes the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries, and testes. These glands release hormones into the bloodstream to control other bodily processes. The endocrine system is vital for maintaining homeostasis and proper functioning of the body's major organ systems.
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped endocrine gland located in the front of the neck. It produces thyroid hormones including triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) which regulate metabolism. The thyroid is made up of follicles containing colloid surrounded by follicular cells that secrete thyroid hormones. Parafollicular cells secrete calcitonin. Blood supply comes from the superior and inferior thyroid arteries and drains into the internal jugular vein. The thyroid is located anterior to the trachea and is bordered by strap muscles.
The endocrine system consists of glands that regulate vital functions through the secretion of hormones. The hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland which regulates other glands like the thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. These glands work together to control mood, growth, metabolism, and reproductive processes through the production and regulation of hormones like insulin, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and cortisol.
The endocrine system is comprised of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions. Key glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries/testes, and pineal gland. Hormones act as chemical messengers to control important processes such as growth, metabolism, mood, reproduction, and homeostasis. Imbalances in hormone levels can cause disorders throughout the body.
The endocrine system regulates body functions through hormone secretion. It consists of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, affecting distant target organs. The major endocrine glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads, and pineal glands. Each gland secretes specific hormones that control processes like growth, metabolism, sexual development, and stress response, maintaining homeostasis throughout the body.
The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce hormones and release them into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions. The major glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Hormones control functions such as metabolism, growth, sexual development, reproduction, and the stress response. Imbalances in hormone levels can cause disorders that must be treated by controlling hormone production.
The endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream and include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries, testes, heart, kidneys, and fat cells. The pancreas produces hormones that regulate blood sugar and is located deep in the abdomen. The testes produce sperm and male hormones like testosterone. The ovaries produce eggs and female hormones and are located in the pelvis. The adrenal glands atop the kidneys produce hormones that control stress responses. The pituitary gland is called the "master gland" because it controls other glands and body functions through the hormones it produces.
This document discusses Building Information Modeling (BIM) and the Autodesk Revit MEP 2013 software. It describes Revit MEP 2013 as a tool for mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) system design and documentation. The document outlines Revit MEP's capabilities for 3D parametric modeling of MEP components and systems, coordination with architectural and structural models, and generation of construction documents. It positions Revit MEP 2013 as part of the Autodesk suite of BIM authoring tools including Revit Architecture and Structure.
Este documento presenta ejercicios de dibujo técnico para estudiantes de 6to año sobre una base y tornillo de fijación. Incluye vistas en escala 1:1 del objeto con soluciones propuestas.
The document discusses the endocrine system, which controls the body through hormones rather than neurotransmitters like the nervous system. It describes the main endocrine glands that secrete hormones, including the pituitary gland and hypothalamus, which regulate other glands. The pituitary gland has an anterior and posterior lobe; the anterior lobe secretes trophic hormones that stimulate other glands, while the posterior lobe secretes oxytocin and ADH synthesized in the hypothalamus. Hormones allow for slower responses than the nervous system but can target distant organs.
The document provides information about the endocrine system. It defines key terms like glands, hormones, target cells, and homeostasis. It describes several important endocrine glands - the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and gonads. For each gland, it lists the major hormones secreted and their effects on the body. It also discusses several endocrine disorders and their symptoms.
The document summarizes the key components and functions of the endocrine system. It describes the pituitary gland and hypothalamus as the central regulators of other endocrine glands. The pituitary gland has an anterior and posterior lobe, each producing distinct hormones. The hypothalamus controls pituitary hormone release through releasing and inhibiting hormones. The major hormones produced and their roles in growth, metabolism, reproduction and other processes are outlined.
The document summarizes the key components and functions of the human endocrine system. It describes that the endocrine system is made up of glands that release chemical messengers called hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate distant target organs and tissues. It outlines the major glands of the endocrine system including the pituitary, hypothalamus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas and reproductive glands. It explains how hormones work, the differences between steroid and non-steroid hormones, and provides examples of endocrine disorders that can occur when glands are underactive or overactive.
The document summarizes key aspects of the endocrine system. It describes how hormones are chemical messengers that influence metabolic activity by binding to receptors and initiating responses. The major endocrine glands - pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, pancreas, adrenal glands, testes, and ovaries - are described along with their locations, secretions, and functions in processes like reproduction, growth, metabolism regulation, and stress response. The hypothalamus links the nervous system to the endocrine system by secreting hormones that stimulate or inhibit pituitary secretions.
The endocrine system is made up of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate physiological and behavioral functions throughout the body. The hypothalamus controls the endocrine system by secreting hormones that stimulate or inhibit the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland then secretes hormones that target other endocrine glands, such as the thyroid, to release additional hormones like thyroxine. Other major endocrine glands include the pancreas, adrenals, ovaries/testes, and pineal gland, each producing hormones unique to their functions in metabolism, stress response, reproduction, and circadian rhythms.
The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce hormones which regulate growth, metabolism, sexual development, and other bodily functions. The major glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Hormones act as chemical messengers to coordinate functions between different body parts and organs. Diseases like gigantism and dwarfism can result if the endocrine system and hormone production are disrupted.
The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate distant target organs and tissues. The major glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Hormones can be steroid hormones or peptide hormones. The endocrine system maintains homeostasis through feedback loops that regulate hormone production and secretion.
The endocrine system regulates important bodily functions through hormones. It includes glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, such as the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Hormones control processes like growth and development, metabolism, mood, and reproduction. While some glands release hormones through ducts, endocrine glands secrete hormones that travel through the bloodstream to target cells. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland control hormone production in other glands.
The document discusses the endocrine system and its various glands. It describes the location and functions of the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes, and their roles in regulating growth, metabolism, and sexual development. It also discusses disorders that can arise from hypo- or hyper- secretion of hormones.
The document discusses the endocrine system and its glands. It describes the main endocrine glands, including the pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and pineal gland. It explains the hormones each gland secretes and their functions in regulating growth, metabolism, sexual development, and other bodily processes. Additionally, it discusses puberty and the physical and emotional changes caused by the endocrine system during adolescence for both males and females.
The document discusses chemical signaling within the body via the nervous and endocrine systems. The nervous system mediates short-term, specific responses using neurotransmitters, while the endocrine system regulates longer-term metabolic processes throughout the body using hormones. Key endocrine glands discussed include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, and reproductive organs.
The document discusses the human endocrine system. It provides definitions of hormones and describes the major endocrine glands and their roles. The endocrine glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland control the other endocrine glands by producing releasing and inhibiting hormones. The endocrine glands secrete hormones like insulin, estrogen and testosterone to regulate processes throughout the body, including growth and development, metabolism, and reproduction.
The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce hormones which regulate processes in the body like metabolism, growth, tissue function, mood, and sexual function. It includes the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries, and testes. These glands release hormones into the bloodstream to control other bodily processes. The endocrine system is vital for maintaining homeostasis and proper functioning of the body's major organ systems.
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped endocrine gland located in the front of the neck. It produces thyroid hormones including triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) which regulate metabolism. The thyroid is made up of follicles containing colloid surrounded by follicular cells that secrete thyroid hormones. Parafollicular cells secrete calcitonin. Blood supply comes from the superior and inferior thyroid arteries and drains into the internal jugular vein. The thyroid is located anterior to the trachea and is bordered by strap muscles.
The endocrine system consists of glands that regulate vital functions through the secretion of hormones. The hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland which regulates other glands like the thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. These glands work together to control mood, growth, metabolism, and reproductive processes through the production and regulation of hormones like insulin, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and cortisol.
The endocrine system is comprised of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions. Key glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries/testes, and pineal gland. Hormones act as chemical messengers to control important processes such as growth, metabolism, mood, reproduction, and homeostasis. Imbalances in hormone levels can cause disorders throughout the body.
The endocrine system regulates body functions through hormone secretion. It consists of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, affecting distant target organs. The major endocrine glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads, and pineal glands. Each gland secretes specific hormones that control processes like growth, metabolism, sexual development, and stress response, maintaining homeostasis throughout the body.
The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce hormones and release them into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions. The major glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Hormones control functions such as metabolism, growth, sexual development, reproduction, and the stress response. Imbalances in hormone levels can cause disorders that must be treated by controlling hormone production.
The endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream and include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries, testes, heart, kidneys, and fat cells. The pancreas produces hormones that regulate blood sugar and is located deep in the abdomen. The testes produce sperm and male hormones like testosterone. The ovaries produce eggs and female hormones and are located in the pelvis. The adrenal glands atop the kidneys produce hormones that control stress responses. The pituitary gland is called the "master gland" because it controls other glands and body functions through the hormones it produces.
This document discusses Building Information Modeling (BIM) and the Autodesk Revit MEP 2013 software. It describes Revit MEP 2013 as a tool for mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) system design and documentation. The document outlines Revit MEP's capabilities for 3D parametric modeling of MEP components and systems, coordination with architectural and structural models, and generation of construction documents. It positions Revit MEP 2013 as part of the Autodesk suite of BIM authoring tools including Revit Architecture and Structure.
Este documento presenta ejercicios de dibujo técnico para estudiantes de 6to año sobre una base y tornillo de fijación. Incluye vistas en escala 1:1 del objeto con soluciones propuestas.
The document contains links to various websites and slideshare presentations on topics such as Autodesk Revit MEP 2013, building information modeling (BIM), and construction project management workflows. It discusses the features of Autodesk Revit MEP 2013 for mechanical, electrical, and plumbing design and its role in BIM and integrated project delivery. Several links provide more information on using Revit for MEP design and coordinating multi-disciplinary building models.
This document provides an overview of a proposed action/adventure film called "Saint" starring Kaya Spencer as the main character Scarlette Saint. The film follows Scarlette on a mission to retrieve a secret device from the CIA before they can cover it up, and includes locations, character descriptions, and challenges anticipated for the production. Key details are an opening scene of Saint praying then urgently leaving a church, and casting of Jennie Davison as the agent opposing Saint.
In every community of men wherever it may be or might have been in the past there have been individuals who have been providing guidance to the common members of the community as leaders, thinkers, reformers, teachers or sages. This is so because the common man is ever in need of guidance for leading a proper life both as an individual and as a member of the society amidst which he happens to be. Islam as a religion tells us that Almighty God has ever been sending guides for teaching men the proper way of life. These guides are called prophets. As matter of fact the first man created by Almighty God namely Adam was a Prophet which means that Almighty God made arrangements for the guidance of mankind before the human race as such came into existence on the surface of the Globe. The Holy Quran makes it clear that human race has never been left without Prophets to afford it proper guidance for leading a controlled life which may enable men not only to live a proper life in this world but also earn him eternal blissful life in the Hereafter.
When a machine is produced it is accompanied by a set of instructions for its use. An engineer is also commissioned to give a practical demonstration of how the machine functions. Man is an even more intricately designed but animated machine. When he is born, he suddenly finds himself in a world where no mountain bears an inscription answering questions concerning the nature of the world, or explaining how he should live on earth. No educational institution produces experts who know the secret of life or who can provide man with practical guidance. To satisfy this need felt by man, Almighty God sent His prophets to the world, every one of whom brought with him the word of God. In the scriptures revealed to them, God has explained the reality of life to man, and has made it clear what man should and should not do. They showed man what sentiments and ideas he should adopt; how he should remember his Lord; how he should live with his fellows, what he should associate himself with and disassociate himself from. The prophets' lives are a practical demonstration of how a person should live a God fearing life. God has given everyone the power to distinguish between right and wrong. He has also placed countless signs in space and on earth from which man can learn. Moreover, His revelations have been set down in human language and several of His servants chosen from amongst mankind as prophets, so that there should be no doubt as to the true path.
It is believed that about one hundred twenty four thousand (124, 000) prophets came on this earth for guidance of various communities and people during different periods. Names of some of them have been mentioned in the Holy Quran. A study of the life and performances of these holy persons together with trials and tribulations suffered by them for the sake of truth and righteousness provides useful material for giving encouragement to every man to lead a virtuous life and to face the hardships of this world that one may have to encounter in the path of truth, virtue and etc. To learn more, please download the following book in PDF format.
The document summarizes the major endocrine glands and their hormones. It discusses the pituitary gland and its anterior and posterior lobes which secrete hormones that control other glands. The thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, testes and ovaries are also covered, outlining their hormone productions and functions in regulating processes like growth, metabolism, sexual development and reproduction.
The endocrine system uses hormones to communicate and regulate bodily functions. Hormones are chemical messengers released by endocrine glands directly into the bloodstream. The major endocrine glands include the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thymus, and pineal gland. Each gland produces specific hormones that target certain organs to control processes like growth, metabolism, immune response, mood, and reproduction.
This document describes the major endocrine glands of the human body, including the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, pancreas, adrenal glands, testes, and ovaries. It provides details on the location, function, and hormones produced by each endocrine gland and explains their roles in regulating processes throughout the body like growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
The endocrine system works together with the nervous system to control and coordinate the body through chemical messengers called hormones. While the nervous system responds rapidly through electrical signals, the endocrine system enables slower, longer-term responses by releasing hormones into the bloodstream which then travel to target organs. The major endocrine glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pineal, hypothalamus, pancreas, ovaries and testes. Each gland secretes specific hormones that influence various metabolic processes and regulate bodily functions.
The document discusses endocrine glands, specifically the endocrine gland. It defines endocrine glands as groups of secretory cells surrounded by an extensive network of capillaries that facilitates the diffusion of hormones directly into the bloodstream. Some key endocrine glands discussed include the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, and hypothalamus. The pituitary gland regulates other endocrine glands and is divided into the posterior and anterior pituitary. The hypothalamus produces hormones that regulate the anterior pituitary. The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormones that increase metabolism.
The document provides an overview of the endocrine system, including:
- The endocrine system is composed of ductless glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate bodily functions like metabolism and growth.
- The major glands are the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries/testes, thymus, and pineal glands.
- Common endocrine disorders affect hormone balance and can cause symptoms ranging from fatigue and weight changes to neurological or organ issues depending on the gland impacted.
The endocrine system is comprised of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate distant organs and systems. The major endocrine glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, testes, and pineal glands. These glands secrete hormones that govern critical body functions like reproduction, stress response, growth, energy levels, and homeostasis. The hormones travel through the circulatory system to target organs and allow for integration of body systems and physiological equilibrium.
The document discusses several endocrine glands and their functions. It describes that the hypothalamus and pituitary gland control many other endocrine glands. The pituitary gland secretes hormones that affect the thyroid, reproductive organs, and adrenal glands. Other glands discussed include the thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands, testes and ovaries. Each gland produces specific hormones that regulate important body processes and functions.
The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce hormones and regulate bodily functions. It includes the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in the brain, along with the thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries and testes. These glands secrete hormones that control growth and development, metabolism, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood. Disruptions to the endocrine system can cause diabetes, thyroid disorders, and other health issues.
Cells and organisms communicate through chemical signals called hormones. Hormones can stimulate the cell that releases them (autocrine), nearby cells (paracrine), or distant cells (endocrine). They are classified by their target and include steroid hormones, peptides, proteins, fatty acid derivatives, and gases. Hormones act as chemical messengers in the body at very low concentrations and can stimulate or inhibit target organs through membrane receptors or intracellular receptors to regulate many physiological processes. Major endocrine glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, thymus gland, adrenal gland, pancreas and gonads.
Lecture 3. Physiology of the endocrine system.pdfManoj946329
This document provides an overview of the human endocrine system and hormones. It defines glands, including exocrine glands which secrete substances through ducts and endocrine glands which secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. It describes the major endocrine glands like the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and sex glands. It explains the types of hormones, including lipophilic hormones which penetrate cell membranes and hydrophilic hormones which bind to surface receptors. In closing, it emphasizes that hormones are biochemical substances produced by endocrine glands that affect distant organs and have specific, potent effects in small amounts.
The endocrine system is a messenger system comprising feedback loops of the hormones released by internal glands of an organism directly into the circulatory system, regulating distant target organs. In vertebrates, the hypothalamus is the neural control center for all endocrine systems.
The endocrine system consists of glands that regulate vital functions through the secretion of hormones. It works closely with the nervous system to control mood, growth, metabolism, and reproduction. The major glands include the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Hormones communicate instructions between glands and target cells to influence numerous bodily processes and maintain homeostasis.
The Endocrine System is comprised of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate bodily functions. There are 12 major endocrine glands, including the hypothalamus and pituitary gland in the brain, which control the other glands. Hormones produced by these glands work together to regulate processes such as metabolism, growth and development, fluid balance, and reproduction. The nervous and endocrine systems also interact and complement each other, though hormones tend to have longer-lasting effects than nerves.
The endocrine system is comprised of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate bodily functions. There are 12 major endocrine glands including the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries/testes, pineal and thymus. These glands work together to control processes like metabolism, growth and development, fluid balance, and reproduction through hormones like insulin, estrogen and thyroid hormones. The nervous and endocrine systems complement each other, with nerves responding quickly and hormones having longer-lasting, widespread effects on the body.
The endocrine system is comprised of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate bodily functions. There are 12 major endocrine glands including the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries/testes, pineal and thymus. These glands work together to control processes like metabolism, growth and development, fluid balance, and reproduction through hormones like insulin, estrogen and thyroid hormones. The nervous and endocrine systems complement each other, with nerves responding quickly and hormones having longer-lasting, slower effects on the body.
The endocrine system is comprised of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate bodily functions. There are 12 major endocrine glands including the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries/testes, pineal and thymus. These glands work together to control processes like metabolism, growth and development, fluid balance, and reproduction through hormones like insulin, estrogen and thyroid hormones. The nervous and endocrine systems complement each other, with nerves responding quickly and hormones having longer-lasting, slower effects on the body.
The pituitary gland, also called the hypophysis, is a small gland located at the base of the brain. It is divided into three lobes - the anterior, intermediate, and posterior lobes. The anterior lobe secretes hormones that regulate other endocrine glands like the thyroid, while the posterior lobe stores and releases hormones important for water balance and childbirth. The pituitary is attached to the hypothalamus and receives signals that stimulate or inhibit hormone release to maintain homeostasis. Diseases of the pituitary can disrupt hormone levels throughout the body.
The document discusses the endocrine system and its role in regulating and maintaining body functions. It describes the major areas of control, including responses to stress and reproduction. It provides details on the anatomy of the endocrine system, including the locations and functions of the major endocrine glands like the pituitary, thyroid, adrenals, and others. The document also covers the physiology of the endocrine system, including the classes of hormones, hormone properties, and the homeostatic feedback mechanisms that help regulate hormone levels.
The document discusses the human endocrine system. It describes the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas, testis, ovary, and hormones produced by other tissues like the heart, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract. The hypothalamus regulates the pituitary gland which secretes hormones that control other endocrine glands. Hormones act by binding to specific receptors in target tissues and initiating responses like stimulating or inhibiting hormone production.
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4. The endocrine system is a collection of
glands that secrete chemical messages we
call hormones. These signals are passed
through the blood to arrive at a target
organ, which has cells possessing the
appropriate receptor. Exocrine glands (not
part of the endocrine system) secrete
products that are passed outside the body.
Sweat glands, salivary glands, and digestive
glands are examples of exocrine glands.
5.
6.
7. Hormones are grouped into three classes
based on their structure:
steroids
peptides
amines
8. STEROIDS
Steroids are lipids derived from cholesterol.
Testosterone is the male sex hormone.
Estradiol, similar in structure to
testosterone, is responsible for many female
sex characteristics. Steroid hormones are
secreted by the gonads, adrenal cortex, and
placenta.
9.
10. PEPTIDES AND AMINES
Peptides are short chains of amino acids;
most hormones are peptides. They are
secreted by the
pituitary, parathyroid, heart, stomach, liver, a
nd kidneys. Amines are derived from the
amino acid tyrosine and are secreted from
the thyroid and the adrenal medulla.
Solubility of the various hormone classes
varies.
11. SYNTHESIS, STORAGE, AND SECRETION
Steroid hormones are derived from cholesterol by a
biochemical reaction series. Defects along this series
often lead to hormonal imbalances with serious
consequences. Once synthesized, steroid hormones pass
into the bloodstream; they are not stored by cells, and the
rate of synthesis controls them.
Peptide hormones are synthesized as precursor
molecules and processed by the endoplasmic reticulum
and Golgi where they are stored in secretory granules.
When needed, the granules are dumped into the
bloodstream. Different hormones can often be made from
the same precursor molecule by cleaving it with a
different enzyme.
Amine hormones (notably epinephrine) are stored as
granules in the cytoplasm until needed.
12. The hypothalamus contains neurons that
control releases from the anterior pituitary.
Seven hypothalamic hormones are released
into a portal system connecting the
hypothalamus and pituitary, and cause
targets in the pituitary to release eight
hormones.
13.
14.
15.
16. THE ADRENAL GLANDS
Each kidney has an adrenal gland located above it. The adrenal
gland is divided into an inner medulla and an outer cortex. The
medulla synthesizes amine hormones, the cortex secretes steroid
hormones. The adrenal medulla consists of modified neurons that
secrete two hormones: epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Stimulation of the cortex by the sympathetic nervous system
causes release of hormones into the blood to initiate the "fight or
flight" response. The adrenal cortex produces several steroid
hormones in three classes:
mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and sex hormones.
Mineralocorticoids maintain electrolyte balance. Glucocorticoids
produce a long-term, slow response to stress by raising blood
glucose levels through the breakdown of fats and proteins; they
also suppress the immune response and inhibit the inflammatory
response.
17.
18. THE PANCREAS
The pancreas contains exocrine cells that secrete digestive enzymes into the
small intestine and clusters of endocrine cells (the pancreatic islets). The islets
secrete the hormones insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood glucose levels.
After a meal, blood glucose levels rise, prompting the release of insulin, which
causes cells to take up glucose, and liver and skeletal muscle cells to form the
carbohydrate glycogen. As glucose levels in the blood fall, further insulin
production is inhibited. Glucagon causes the breakdown of glycogen into
glucose, which in turn is released into the blood to maintain glucose levels within
a homeostatic range. Glucagon production is stimulated when blood glucose
levels fall, and inhibited when they rise.
Diabetes results from inadequate levels of insulin. Type I diabetes is
characterized by inadequate levels of insulin secretion, often due to a genetic
cause. Type II usually develops in adults from both genetic and environmental
causes. Loss of response of targets to insulin rather than lack of insulin causes
this type of diabetes. Diabetes causes impairment in the functioning of the
eyes, circulatory system, nervous system, and failure of the kidneys. Diabetes is
the second leading cause of blindness in the US. Treatments involve daily
injections of insulin, monitoring of blood glucose levels and a controlled diet.
19.
20. OVARIES
The ovaries are a pair of oval or almond-shaped glands which lie
on either side of the uterus and just below the opening to the
fallopian tubes. In addition to producing eggs or "ova," the ovaries
produce female sex hormones called estrogen and progesterone.
The ovaries produce a female hormone, called estrogen, and
store female sex cells or "ova." The female, unlike the male, does
not manufacture the sex cells. A girl baby is born with about
60,000 of these cells, which are contained in sac-like depressions
in the ovaries. Each of these cells may have the potential to
mature for fertilization, but in actuality, only about 400 ripen during
the woman's lifetime. Pregnant and prenatal both come from the
same Latin roots. "Prae" means "before" and "nascor" means "to
be born". Nascor is also the derivative of nature, innate and
native. Only a few years ago, the word, "pregnant" was seldom
used in mixed company. Polite society referred to a pregnant
woman as "expecting" or "being in the family way."
21.
22. PITUITARY GLAND
he pituitary gland, which is located in the center of the skull, just behind the
bridge of the nose, is about the size of a pea. It is an important link between the
nervous system and the endocrine system and releases many hormones which
affect growth, sexual development, metabolism and the system of reproduction.
The "hypothalamus" is a tiny cluster of brain cells just above the pituitary
gland, which transmits messages from the body to the brain.
The pituitary gland has two distinct parts, the anterior and the posterior
lobes, each of which releases different hormones which affect bone growth and
regulate activity in other glands. This gland was once believed to be the main
controlling gland of the body, but we now know that, important as it is, it is
subservient to a master gland called the hypothalamus, which is the needed link
between the pituitary gland and the brain.
This "master gland" is really a way station between the body and the brain and
sorts out messages going to and from the brain. It responds to the body through
the pituitary gland, which is suspended just below it. It sometimes replies by
nerve impulses and sometimes with needed hormones. The pituitary gland then
makes hormones of its own in answer to the body's needs. These are then
circulated in the blood to a variety of the body's tissues, including other
endocrines, such as the adrenal gland.
23.
24. TESTICLES
The scrotum is a sac that hangs under the penis and holds the
testes. It is divided internally into two halves by a membrane;
each half containing a testis. It has an outer layer of thin, wrinkled
skin over a layer of tissue which contains muscle. The testicle lies
inside the scrotum and produces as many as 12 trillion sperm in a
male's lifetime, about 400 million of which are ejaculated in one
average intercourse. Each sperm takes about seventy-two days
to mature and its maturity is overseen by a complex interaction of
hormones. The scrotum has a built-in thermostat, which keeps
the sperm at the correct temperature. It may be surprising that the
testicles should lie in such a vulnerable place, outside the
body, but it is too hot inside. The sperm production needs a
temperature which is three to five degrees below body
temperature. If it becomes too cool on the outside, the scrotum
will contract to bring the testes closer the body for warmth.
25.
26. THYMUS
The thymus is a gland that forms part of the immune system. It is
situated in the upper part of the chest, behind the
breastbone, and is made up of two lobes that join in front of the
trachea. Each lobe is made of lymphoid tissue, consisting of
tightly packed white blood cells and fat. The thymus enlarges
from about the 12th week of gestation until puberty, when it
begins to shrink. Its function is to transform lymphocytes (white
blood cells developed in the bone marrow) into T-cells (cells
developed in the thymus). These cells are then transported to
various lymph glands, where they play an important part in
fighting infections and disease. Swelling of lymph glands and
fever are a signal that immune cells are multiplying to fight off
invaders of the body: bacteria, fungi, viruses or parasites. Edward
Jenner showed his faith in vaccination by injecting his own son
with cowpox, therefore immunizing the child against smallpox, a
deadly disease at that time in history
27.
28. THYROID AND PARATHYROID GLANDS
The thyroid gland is shaped like a butterfly and usually weighs less than one
ounce. The thyroid cartilage covers the larynx and produces the prominence on
the neck known as the "Adam's Apple". The thyroid gland controls the rate at
which the body produces energy from nutrients. If the body does not get enough
iodine, the thyroid gland cannot produce a proper amount of hormones for this
conversion process. The result can be a goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid
gland. In some parts of the world, iodine is so scarce that most of the population
have goiters. The parathyroid glands are four small oval bodies located on either
side of and on the dorsal aspect of the thyroid gland. These glands control the
level of calcium in the blood. The thyroid gland secretes hormones which
regulate energy, and emotional balance may rely upon its normal functioning.
When the rate of production is excessive, the results can be weight
loss, nervousness, or even emotional disturbances. If the rate of production is
excessively low, a slowing of bodily functions may result. The parathyroid
glands, located behind the thyroid, control the blood-calcium level. Calcium is
important, not only for bones and teeth, but also for nerve functioning, muscle
contractions, blood clotting and glandular secretion. If we don't have enough
calcium for these functions, the body will take it from the bones, causing them to
easily fracture. It may also cause twitching, spasms, convulsions and even
death. Too much calcium may cause a weakening of muscle tone and kidney
stones.
31. Term Cause Effect (Symptoms)
Addison's Syndrome Inadequate secretion of Symptoms: include weakness, loss
coricosteroid hormones by the of energy, low blood pressure, and
adrenal glands, sometimes as a dark pigmentation of the skin.
result of tuberculous infection. Treatment: Formerly fatal, this
disease is now treatable by
replacement hormone therapy.
Amenorrhoea Primary amenorrhoea (menstrual The absence or stopping of the
periods fail to appear at puberty) menstrual periods. (It is normal for
may be caused by absence of the the periods to be absent before
uterus or ovaries (e.g. Turner’s puberty, during pregnancy and milk
syndrome) or a hormonal secretion, and after the end of the
imbalance. reproductive period.)
Secondary amenorrhoea
(menstrual periods stop after
establishment of puberty) may be
caused by disorders of the
hypothalamus, deficiency of
ovarian, pituitary, or thyroid
hormones, mental disturbance,
depression, anorexia nervosa, or a
major change of sur
32. Term Cause Effect ( Symptoms)
Cushing's Syndrome Excess amounts of cortico- Symptoms include: weight
steroid hormones in the gain; reddening of the face
body. and neck; excess growth
of body and facial hair;
raised blood pressure; loss
of mineral from the bones
(osteoporosis); raised
blood glucose levels; and
sometimes mental
disturbances.
Menopause Cessation of viable egg Leads to hormonal imbalance; lack
of negative feedback to the
production in the female. hypothalamus/activity; continued
release of FSH.
Symptoms: hot flushes; night
sweats; mood swings; increased
risk of heart attack; osteoporosis
speeds up.
Treatment: Hormone Replacement
Therapy (HRT), with associated
increased risk of breast cancer.
33. Term Cause Effect ( Symptoms)
Pre-menstrual Syndrome Associated with the Nervousness; irritability;
accumulation of salt and emotional disturbance;
water in tissues.The headache; and/or
hormone progesterone is depression – said to affect
thought to be a causative some women for up to
element and a deficirncy of about 10 days prior to
fatty acids has also been menstruation.
observed.
Polycystic Ovarian A hormonal disorder Further hormone
Syndrome characterized by imbalance results in
incomplete development of obesity, hirsutism and acne
Graafian follicles in the and the woman is infertile
ovary due to inadequate due to the lack of
secretion of luteinizing ovulation.The treatment is
hormone; the follicles fail administration of the
to ovulate and remain as appropriate hormones.
multiple cysts distending
the ovary.
34. HOW TO KEEP THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
HEALTHY
Keep minor endocrine diseases under control. Some people let minor or controllable
diseases of the endocrine system go untreated. These diseases can develop into
something much bigger if untreated or unnoticed. Diabetes should be given attention on a
daily basis. It is recommended that you take special note and precaution to endocrine
disorders.
Know your family history. Knowledge of your family history is a powerful tool to have. It is
especially useful when you get into your twenties. Many endocrine disorders develop in
people over twenty except type I diabetes. Knowing your family history can help you learn
the precautions, and you can often prevent an endocrine disorder through lifestyle
changes.
Eat a healthy diet. It is always very important to eat a healthy and well balanced diet every
single day. Not eating healthy can lead to type II diabetes (an endocrine disorder), and
type II diabetes can later lead to blindness and kidney failure (a serious endocrine
disorder). It is recommended that you talk to your doctor if you need help developing and
staying on a healthy diet.
35. Minimize stress in your life. Having a lot of stress in your life can cause the overproduction
of hormones. This can lead to the failure or malfunction of many endocrine organs. It is
recommended that you get plenty of exercise. Allow six to eight hours of sleep per night in
order to reduce stress and keep hormones balanced.
Stay in touch with your doctor. You should especially stay in close contact with an
endocrinologist if you consider yourself to be a high risk for diabetes and other diseases.
Your endocrinologist can run tests, help you assess the disorders you are more at risk for
and help you keep your chances of getting these disorders low. Ask your medical doctor
about a referral to an endocrine specialist if you feel you are in need of one.
36. TIPS AND WARNINGS
Pay attention to your overall health, and a
healthy endocrine system will probably
happen as well!
If you don't keep your endocrine system
healthy, developing an endocrine disorder
can bring about a totally different order to
your life as you know it.