Emergency challenges, medical cases
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The document discusses various medical issues and procedures. It mentions problems that can occur in the abdomen, respiratory system, and kidneys. It discusses tests and procedures for colon cancer screening like fecal tests, colonoscopy, and CT scans. It also discusses mini-incision surgery, situs inversus totalis, Mirizzi syndrome, and includes links and quotes about life and death.
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Airway Management
This document provides information on basic airway management. It discusses airway obstruction as a medical emergency that can be caused by various factors. Methods for recognizing airway obstruction include identifying inspiratory stridor, expiratory wheeze, or paradoxical chest movement. Airway obstruction can be managed with simple techniques like suctioning secretions, head tilt-chin lift maneuver, or inserting an oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway. Oxygen therapy with a non-rebreathing mask at a 10-15 L/min flow rate can also help treat patients with airway obstruction who are still breathing.
First Aid in Chest Injuries
1) Chest injuries can involve external trauma, damage to internal organs like the heart and lungs, and possible spinal injury. They account for 25% of trauma-related deaths.
2) The assessment and treatment of chest injuries follows the ABCDE approach - Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure. This includes treating life-threatening conditions like tension pneumothorax immediately.
3) Specific injuries like rib fractures, pneumothorax, and open chest wounds require stabilization, positioning the patient for comfort, applying dressings, and providing supplemental oxygen while seeking urgent medical care.
Pediatric CPR.ppt
- The document discusses guidelines for pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
- The 2010 guidelines recommend starting CPR with chest compressions before ventilations (CAB sequence) rather than the previous airway and breathing first (ABC sequence), in order to minimize delays in circulation.
- For lay rescuers, the guidelines outline a sequence of safety, response checking, chest compressions, airway opening and breathing to perform CPR on an unresponsive child not breathing normally.
Basic modes of mechanical ventilation
This document discusses various modes of mechanical ventilation. It begins by describing the basic components and functions of a ventilator. The document then explains the key parameters that ventilators can control including tidal volume, frequency, pressure, and time settings. Several common ventilation modes are described including controlled mandatory ventilation (CMV), assist-control ventilation, intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV), and synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV). Each mode is defined by how the ventilator delivers breaths in terms of being time-triggered or patient-triggered and how breaths are cycled. The advantages and disadvantages of different modes are also briefly discussed.
Tube thoracostomy
A chest tube is a flexible plastic tube inserted between the pleural layers of the chest wall to drain air or fluid from the pleural space. It is used to treat conditions where air or fluid has accumulated in the pleural space such as pneumothorax, pleural effusions, or hemothorax. The tube is inserted using local anesthesia in the intercostal space and attached to a drainage system placed below chest level. It is secured with sutures and the insertion site is dressed. The tube remains in place until drainage stops and a chest x-ray confirms its proper position and resolution of the underlying condition.
Pediatric Trauma
This document discusses pediatric trauma, including causes, types of injuries, and approaches to assessment and management. It focuses on the primary and secondary surveys. The primary survey involves a rapid assessment of the child's ABCDE (airway, breathing, circulation, disability, exposure/environment) and resuscitation of any life-threatening injuries. Key priorities include airway control, ventilation, vascular access, and treatment of shock. Pain management is also addressed. The secondary survey allows a more thorough physical exam and diagnostic testing to identify all injuries present. Specific considerations for management of head trauma and chest injuries in children are also outlined.
BRONCHOSCOPY
BRONCHOSCOPY is a procedure in which a hollow, flexible tube called a bronchoscope is inserted into the airways through the nose or mouth to provide a view of the TRACHEOBRONCHIAL tree.
It can also be used to collect bronchial and/or lung secretions and to perform tissue biopsy.
Endotracheal intubation nursing procedure
kindly follow my slide share account for new update. if you like this give your comment. your suggestion is more important for us.
Recommended
Airway Management
This document provides information on basic airway management. It discusses airway obstruction as a medical emergency that can be caused by various factors. Methods for recognizing airway obstruction include identifying inspiratory stridor, expiratory wheeze, or paradoxical chest movement. Airway obstruction can be managed with simple techniques like suctioning secretions, head tilt-chin lift maneuver, or inserting an oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway. Oxygen therapy with a non-rebreathing mask at a 10-15 L/min flow rate can also help treat patients with airway obstruction who are still breathing.
First Aid in Chest Injuries
1) Chest injuries can involve external trauma, damage to internal organs like the heart and lungs, and possible spinal injury. They account for 25% of trauma-related deaths.
2) The assessment and treatment of chest injuries follows the ABCDE approach - Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure. This includes treating life-threatening conditions like tension pneumothorax immediately.
3) Specific injuries like rib fractures, pneumothorax, and open chest wounds require stabilization, positioning the patient for comfort, applying dressings, and providing supplemental oxygen while seeking urgent medical care.
Pediatric CPR.ppt
- The document discusses guidelines for pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
- The 2010 guidelines recommend starting CPR with chest compressions before ventilations (CAB sequence) rather than the previous airway and breathing first (ABC sequence), in order to minimize delays in circulation.
- For lay rescuers, the guidelines outline a sequence of safety, response checking, chest compressions, airway opening and breathing to perform CPR on an unresponsive child not breathing normally.
Basic modes of mechanical ventilation
This document discusses various modes of mechanical ventilation. It begins by describing the basic components and functions of a ventilator. The document then explains the key parameters that ventilators can control including tidal volume, frequency, pressure, and time settings. Several common ventilation modes are described including controlled mandatory ventilation (CMV), assist-control ventilation, intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV), and synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV). Each mode is defined by how the ventilator delivers breaths in terms of being time-triggered or patient-triggered and how breaths are cycled. The advantages and disadvantages of different modes are also briefly discussed.
Tube thoracostomy
A chest tube is a flexible plastic tube inserted between the pleural layers of the chest wall to drain air or fluid from the pleural space. It is used to treat conditions where air or fluid has accumulated in the pleural space such as pneumothorax, pleural effusions, or hemothorax. The tube is inserted using local anesthesia in the intercostal space and attached to a drainage system placed below chest level. It is secured with sutures and the insertion site is dressed. The tube remains in place until drainage stops and a chest x-ray confirms its proper position and resolution of the underlying condition.
Pediatric Trauma
This document discusses pediatric trauma, including causes, types of injuries, and approaches to assessment and management. It focuses on the primary and secondary surveys. The primary survey involves a rapid assessment of the child's ABCDE (airway, breathing, circulation, disability, exposure/environment) and resuscitation of any life-threatening injuries. Key priorities include airway control, ventilation, vascular access, and treatment of shock. Pain management is also addressed. The secondary survey allows a more thorough physical exam and diagnostic testing to identify all injuries present. Specific considerations for management of head trauma and chest injuries in children are also outlined.
BRONCHOSCOPY
BRONCHOSCOPY is a procedure in which a hollow, flexible tube called a bronchoscope is inserted into the airways through the nose or mouth to provide a view of the TRACHEOBRONCHIAL tree.
It can also be used to collect bronchial and/or lung secretions and to perform tissue biopsy.
Endotracheal intubation nursing procedure
kindly follow my slide share account for new update. if you like this give your comment. your suggestion is more important for us.
PEDIATRIC ADVANDCED LIFE SUPPORT
This document provides guidelines for pediatric advanced life support (PALS). It outlines the systematic approach algorithm which begins with checking responsiveness, calling for help, and checking for a pulse. The BLS assessment evaluates consciousness, breathing, and skin color to determine if the child is unresponsive with no breathing. For infants and children under 8, CPR should be provided first before calling for help, while those over 8 receive phone assistance first before CPR. The guidelines describe performing CPR, providing oxygen, inserting airways, monitoring the child, establishing IV/IO access, administering adrenaline, and considering reversible causes and an advanced airway. The primary and secondary assessment evaluates the child's airway, breathing, circulation, and
CPR
This document provides instructions for performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and using an automated external defibrillator (AED). It aims to teach participants how to assess an unconscious victim, perform chest compressions as part of CPR, and safely operate an AED. The background information emphasizes that cardiac arrests are common and that early CPR and defibrillation within 1-2 minutes can significantly increase survival rates. Step-by-step instructions then detail how to approach a victim, check for breathing and response, call for emergency help, open the airway, commence chest compressions, and use an AED according to audio instructions.
PALS: Pediatric advanced life support
This document provides guidance on pediatric advanced life support (PALS). It discusses respiratory and circulatory failure, which often lead to cardiac arrest in children. Asphyxial cardiac arrest caused by lack of oxygen is more common than primary cardiac issues. Shock is also a common precursor and progresses from compensated to decompensated states. Foreign body airway obstruction, drowning, and hypothermia/hyperthermia are covered. The document provides detailed guidance on airway management, ventilation, vascular access, defibrillation, and the management of arrhythmias like tachycardia and bradycardia in a pediatric setting.
Pediatric CPR
1. The document provides guidelines for performing pediatric CPR for infants, including the steps for 1-rescuer and 2-rescuer infant CPR.
2. It also outlines the steps for performing CPR on children and infants, including giving 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths in a ratio of 30:2.
3. The document describes when to use an AED during CPR and provides brief descriptions of drugs that may be used during resuscitation attempts.
CPR procedure
CPR – or Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation – is an emergency lifesaving procedure performed when the heart stops beating. Immediate CPR can double or triple chances of survival after cardiac arrest.
Tracheostomy care
1. Tracheostomy is a surgical opening in the front of the trachea below the larynx that creates an airway. It is performed to maintain a clear airway, remove secretions, and enable ventilation.
2. Tracheostomy tubes can be plastic, metal, cuffed, or fenestrated. Speaking valves allow vocalization without finger occlusion using a silicone diaphragm that opens for inhalation and closes for exhalation.
3. Complications include bleeding, infection, tube obstruction, aspiration, and tracheal stenosis. Care involves cleaning the stoma and tube, suctioning secretions, providing humidification, and assessing for ineffective airway clearance or
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Pediatric Basic Life Support
The document outlines the European Resuscitation Council's guidelines for resuscitation in 2021. It discusses the differences between trauma and non-trauma life support, and describes the various types of life support including basic, neonatal, and advanced. It provides guidance on classifying age groups for pediatric advanced life support and outlines the CAB (circulation, airway, breathing) approach. Steps are presented for evaluating an unresponsive victim, opening the airway, providing rescue breaths, determining if chest compressions are needed, performing compressions, and re-evaluating the victim.
Bronchoscopy ppt
Bronchoscopy is a technique used to visualize the inside of the airways for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes using a bronchoscope. There are two main types - rigid and flexible fiber optic. Rigid bronchoscopy is used for diagnostic purposes such as finding the cause of cough or hemoptysis, or therapeutically to remove foreign bodies or secretions. It requires general anesthesia. Flexible fiber optic bronchoscopy provides magnification and illumination to examine smaller airways and can be performed at the bedside under topical anesthesia. Both types aim to diagnose lung abnormalities or collect samples but rigid bronchoscopy carries more risks such as injury or hemorrhage.
basic life support 2013
The document outlines guidelines for basic life support, including:
- Defining CPR concepts and identifying the adult chain of survival as early access, early CPR, rapid defibrillation, effective advanced life support, and integrated post-cardiac arrest care.
- Detailing the CAB approach to assessing danger, response, circulation, airway, and breathing in emergencies.
- Providing techniques for adult one-rescuer and two-rescuer CPR, managing airway obstructions, and positioning unconscious victims.
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Colostomy
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Paediatric basic life support ppt
Paediatric basic life support (PBLS) involves resuscitation procedures to prevent anoxic brain damage and promote circulation and breathing in children. The key steps of PBLS are CAB - checking for circulation (C) by feeling for a pulse, opening the airway (A), and giving rescue breaths (B). For infants and children in cardiac arrest, high-quality chest compressions at least 100/min that depress the sternum 1/3 its depth are critical, along with proper head positioning and rescue breathing. PBLS should continue for 2 minutes in cycles of 30 compressions to 2 breaths before emergency help arrives or switching rescuers.
Scene size up and initial assessment
The document provides guidance on performing an initial patient assessment for EMTs. It describes evaluating the scene for safety, determining the mechanism of injury or nature of illness, and performing an initial assessment of the patient's airway, breathing, circulation, mental status and skin signs. The assessment may be followed by a more focused physical exam and history gathering for medical versus trauma patients. Key steps include maintaining spinal immobilization if needed, assessing vital signs, and identifying any life-threatening conditions requiring immediate treatment.
Chest trauma presentation
This document provides an overview of chest trauma. It begins by defining chest trauma as any injury to the chest, including the ribs, heart and lungs. Chest injuries are categorized as open or closed. Common causes are discussed, including blunt trauma from accidents or penetrating trauma from objects. Signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, and specific injuries like pneumothorax are described. Treatment focuses on ABCs - airway, breathing and circulation while performing tests to evaluate cardiac and pulmonary function.
Tracheoesophageal fistula
A Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is an abnormal connection (fistula) between the Oesophagus and the trachea. TEF is a common congenital abnormality.
Oesophageal atresia is failure of oesophagus to form a continuous passage from the pharynx to the stomach
TEF is an abnormal connection between the trachea and the oesophagus
Ercp
ERCP is an endoscopic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat issues in the duodenum, bile ducts, pancreatic duct, and gallbladder. During ERCP, an endoscope is inserted and a catheter is used to inject radiocontrast dye to identify any blockages. If needed, a wire can enlarge the opening to the bile duct to remove gallstones or perform other procedures like stent placement. Potential but rare complications include infection, pancreatitis, bleeding, and perforation of the GI tract. ERCP requires an experienced physician due to its risks.
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Bag and mask ventilation is a basic airway management technique used to oxygenate and ventilate patients until a more definitive airway can be established. It involves manually squeezing an ambu bag attached to a face mask to deliver breaths. Key aspects of bag and mask ventilation include maintaining a proper seal and head position, delivering appropriate volume and rate of breaths, and assessing ventilation effectiveness through chest rise and oxygen saturation. While bag and mask is preferred for prehospital airway support in pediatrics, it has limitations and risks if ventilation is inadequate or contraindications like upper airway obstruction are present.
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This document provides an overview of acute pancreatitis, including its definitions, etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnostic assessment. It discusses the major causes of acute pancreatitis such as alcohol use, gallstones, medications, and genetic factors. The pathogenesis involves the abnormal activation of pancreatic enzymes leading to immune response and microcirculatory disturbances. Diagnosis is based on clinical features, elevated serum amylase and lipase levels, and imaging findings on ultrasound or CT scan. Several scoring systems are described to assess the severity of acute pancreatitis, including ATLANTA criteria, Ranson score, APACHE-II score, and Marshall score. Biochemical markers like CRP, PCT, and hematocrit can also help predict
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Chronic hepatitis C is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). It was previously called "non-A, non-B hepatitis". HCV has 6 major genotypes. Genotype 1 is the most common in the United States and has the lowest response rates to treatment. Standard treatment was pegylated interferon and ribavirin for 48 weeks for genotype 1 and 24 weeks for genotypes 2 and 3. New direct acting antivirals like sofosbuvir have improved treatment outcomes with higher cure rates and fewer side effects while allowing treatment without interferon for most patients. Sofosbuvir inhibits the HCV RNA polymerase and costs around $1,800 for a 24 week course in developing countries, compared to $84,
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PEDIATRIC ADVANDCED LIFE SUPPORT
This document provides guidelines for pediatric advanced life support (PALS). It outlines the systematic approach algorithm which begins with checking responsiveness, calling for help, and checking for a pulse. The BLS assessment evaluates consciousness, breathing, and skin color to determine if the child is unresponsive with no breathing. For infants and children under 8, CPR should be provided first before calling for help, while those over 8 receive phone assistance first before CPR. The guidelines describe performing CPR, providing oxygen, inserting airways, monitoring the child, establishing IV/IO access, administering adrenaline, and considering reversible causes and an advanced airway. The primary and secondary assessment evaluates the child's airway, breathing, circulation, and
CPR
This document provides instructions for performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and using an automated external defibrillator (AED). It aims to teach participants how to assess an unconscious victim, perform chest compressions as part of CPR, and safely operate an AED. The background information emphasizes that cardiac arrests are common and that early CPR and defibrillation within 1-2 minutes can significantly increase survival rates. Step-by-step instructions then detail how to approach a victim, check for breathing and response, call for emergency help, open the airway, commence chest compressions, and use an AED according to audio instructions.
PALS: Pediatric advanced life support
This document provides guidance on pediatric advanced life support (PALS). It discusses respiratory and circulatory failure, which often lead to cardiac arrest in children. Asphyxial cardiac arrest caused by lack of oxygen is more common than primary cardiac issues. Shock is also a common precursor and progresses from compensated to decompensated states. Foreign body airway obstruction, drowning, and hypothermia/hyperthermia are covered. The document provides detailed guidance on airway management, ventilation, vascular access, defibrillation, and the management of arrhythmias like tachycardia and bradycardia in a pediatric setting.
Pediatric CPR
1. The document provides guidelines for performing pediatric CPR for infants, including the steps for 1-rescuer and 2-rescuer infant CPR.
2. It also outlines the steps for performing CPR on children and infants, including giving 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths in a ratio of 30:2.
3. The document describes when to use an AED during CPR and provides brief descriptions of drugs that may be used during resuscitation attempts.
CPR procedure
CPR – or Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation – is an emergency lifesaving procedure performed when the heart stops beating. Immediate CPR can double or triple chances of survival after cardiac arrest.
Tracheostomy care
1. Tracheostomy is a surgical opening in the front of the trachea below the larynx that creates an airway. It is performed to maintain a clear airway, remove secretions, and enable ventilation.
2. Tracheostomy tubes can be plastic, metal, cuffed, or fenestrated. Speaking valves allow vocalization without finger occlusion using a silicone diaphragm that opens for inhalation and closes for exhalation.
3. Complications include bleeding, infection, tube obstruction, aspiration, and tracheal stenosis. Care involves cleaning the stoma and tube, suctioning secretions, providing humidification, and assessing for ineffective airway clearance or
Adult cardiac life support(ACLS)
This is an overview of ACLS focused on its history,core,Airway management ,rhythms,BLS and ACLS Algorithms
ARTERIAL CANNULATION.pptx
This document discusses arterial cannulation. It outlines the objectives of understanding the indications, insertion methods, and care of arterial lines. Arterial lines are indicated for continuous blood pressure monitoring and frequent blood sampling. They are typically inserted using the Seldinger technique, and care involves checking the site regularly for bleeding or infection and using minimal dressings.
Pediatric Basic Life Support
The document outlines the European Resuscitation Council's guidelines for resuscitation in 2021. It discusses the differences between trauma and non-trauma life support, and describes the various types of life support including basic, neonatal, and advanced. It provides guidance on classifying age groups for pediatric advanced life support and outlines the CAB (circulation, airway, breathing) approach. Steps are presented for evaluating an unresponsive victim, opening the airway, providing rescue breaths, determining if chest compressions are needed, performing compressions, and re-evaluating the victim.
Bronchoscopy ppt
Bronchoscopy is a technique used to visualize the inside of the airways for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes using a bronchoscope. There are two main types - rigid and flexible fiber optic. Rigid bronchoscopy is used for diagnostic purposes such as finding the cause of cough or hemoptysis, or therapeutically to remove foreign bodies or secretions. It requires general anesthesia. Flexible fiber optic bronchoscopy provides magnification and illumination to examine smaller airways and can be performed at the bedside under topical anesthesia. Both types aim to diagnose lung abnormalities or collect samples but rigid bronchoscopy carries more risks such as injury or hemorrhage.
basic life support 2013
The document outlines guidelines for basic life support, including:
- Defining CPR concepts and identifying the adult chain of survival as early access, early CPR, rapid defibrillation, effective advanced life support, and integrated post-cardiac arrest care.
- Detailing the CAB approach to assessing danger, response, circulation, airway, and breathing in emergencies.
- Providing techniques for adult one-rescuer and two-rescuer CPR, managing airway obstructions, and positioning unconscious victims.
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BIPAP and CPAP are being used to support COVID patients for artificial respiratory support. This PPT Explains how the CPAP AND BIPAP Works and how to use and maintain these. equipment.
Colostomy
This document discusses colostomies and ostomy care. It describes common medical conditions that may necessitate an ostomy, including imperforate anus, Hirschsprungs disease, inflammatory bowel disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, and spina bifida. It then focuses on ileostomies and colostomies, describing the differences and care involved. The document outlines various types of colostomy pouches, including open-ended and close-ended pouches, one-piece and two-piece systems, and pre-cut versus cut-to-fit pouches. It provides instructions for changing pouches and irrigating a colostomy.
Paediatric basic life support ppt
Paediatric basic life support (PBLS) involves resuscitation procedures to prevent anoxic brain damage and promote circulation and breathing in children. The key steps of PBLS are CAB - checking for circulation (C) by feeling for a pulse, opening the airway (A), and giving rescue breaths (B). For infants and children in cardiac arrest, high-quality chest compressions at least 100/min that depress the sternum 1/3 its depth are critical, along with proper head positioning and rescue breathing. PBLS should continue for 2 minutes in cycles of 30 compressions to 2 breaths before emergency help arrives or switching rescuers.
Scene size up and initial assessment
The document provides guidance on performing an initial patient assessment for EMTs. It describes evaluating the scene for safety, determining the mechanism of injury or nature of illness, and performing an initial assessment of the patient's airway, breathing, circulation, mental status and skin signs. The assessment may be followed by a more focused physical exam and history gathering for medical versus trauma patients. Key steps include maintaining spinal immobilization if needed, assessing vital signs, and identifying any life-threatening conditions requiring immediate treatment.
Chest trauma presentation
This document provides an overview of chest trauma. It begins by defining chest trauma as any injury to the chest, including the ribs, heart and lungs. Chest injuries are categorized as open or closed. Common causes are discussed, including blunt trauma from accidents or penetrating trauma from objects. Signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, and specific injuries like pneumothorax are described. Treatment focuses on ABCs - airway, breathing and circulation while performing tests to evaluate cardiac and pulmonary function.
Tracheoesophageal fistula
A Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is an abnormal connection (fistula) between the Oesophagus and the trachea. TEF is a common congenital abnormality.
Oesophageal atresia is failure of oesophagus to form a continuous passage from the pharynx to the stomach
TEF is an abnormal connection between the trachea and the oesophagus
Ercp
ERCP is an endoscopic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat issues in the duodenum, bile ducts, pancreatic duct, and gallbladder. During ERCP, an endoscope is inserted and a catheter is used to inject radiocontrast dye to identify any blockages. If needed, a wire can enlarge the opening to the bile duct to remove gallstones or perform other procedures like stent placement. Potential but rare complications include infection, pancreatitis, bleeding, and perforation of the GI tract. ERCP requires an experienced physician due to its risks.
Suprapubic Aspiration By Essam Sidqi
urinalysis
urine culture
pediatrics
adult
urine
aspiration
spinal cannula
suprapubic
phymosis
urine container
frog legged
Bag and mask Ventilation
Bag and mask ventilation is a basic airway management technique used to oxygenate and ventilate patients until a more definitive airway can be established. It involves manually squeezing an ambu bag attached to a face mask to deliver breaths. Key aspects of bag and mask ventilation include maintaining a proper seal and head position, delivering appropriate volume and rate of breaths, and assessing ventilation effectiveness through chest rise and oxygen saturation. While bag and mask is preferred for prehospital airway support in pediatrics, it has limitations and risks if ventilation is inadequate or contraindications like upper airway obstruction are present.
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This document provides an overview of acute pancreatitis, including its definitions, etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnostic assessment. It discusses the major causes of acute pancreatitis such as alcohol use, gallstones, medications, and genetic factors. The pathogenesis involves the abnormal activation of pancreatic enzymes leading to immune response and microcirculatory disturbances. Diagnosis is based on clinical features, elevated serum amylase and lipase levels, and imaging findings on ultrasound or CT scan. Several scoring systems are described to assess the severity of acute pancreatitis, including ATLANTA criteria, Ranson score, APACHE-II score, and Marshall score. Biochemical markers like CRP, PCT, and hematocrit can also help predict
Hepatitis C - Recent advances
Chronic hepatitis C is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). It was previously called "non-A, non-B hepatitis". HCV has 6 major genotypes. Genotype 1 is the most common in the United States and has the lowest response rates to treatment. Standard treatment was pegylated interferon and ribavirin for 48 weeks for genotype 1 and 24 weeks for genotypes 2 and 3. New direct acting antivirals like sofosbuvir have improved treatment outcomes with higher cure rates and fewer side effects while allowing treatment without interferon for most patients. Sofosbuvir inhibits the HCV RNA polymerase and costs around $1,800 for a 24 week course in developing countries, compared to $84,
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1. The document summarizes guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis, including diagnosis, etiology, risk stratification, initial management, role of ERCP, antibiotics, nutrition, and surgery.
2. Key points include diagnosing based on abdominal pain and elevated serum amylase/lipase, identifying gallstones and alcohol as common causes, and aggressively hydrating patients while considering nutrition via enteral feeding in severe cases.
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This document discusses signs, symptoms, diagnostic tests, severity scoring, and treatment strategies for pancreatitis. It provides sensitivity and specificity data for diagnostic tests like amylase, lipase, ultrasound, MRI, and CT scans. It also outlines a CT severity index scoring system for grading pancreatitis severity. Finally, it lists the key treatment aspects of pancreatitis management as fluids, pain control, antibiotics, nutrition, DVT prophylaxis, and potential interventions.
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2. The document discusses the pathogenesis, stages, evaluation, and management of heart failure. Compensatory mechanisms initially help the heart function but eventually cause harm through remodeling if the underlying issue is not addressed.
3. Treatment involves controlling risk factors, using medications like ACE inhibitors and beta blockers, and devices like ICDs and CRT for more advanced cases. Ongoing monitoring is important as the condition can progress despite treatment.
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The document discusses acute pancreatitis, including its increasing incidence, mortality rates, definition, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and assessments like Ranson's criteria. It notes that acute pancreatitis is defined as acute inflammation of the pancreatic parenchyma leading to injury or destruction of acinar cells. Common causes include gallstones, alcohol abuse, metabolic factors like hypertriglyceridemia, drugs, trauma, and infections. Clinical features may include epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice. Diagnosis involves blood tests like serum amylase and lipase levels, as well as imaging like ultrasound and CT scan. Prognosis can be assessed using tools like Ranson
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Angel Catheter Clinical Evidence Packet
View the clinical evidence from the Angel Catheter Pivotal Study. This investigation was concluded in December 2015. The primary objective of this clinical trial was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Angel® Catheter in subjects at high risk of PE and with recognized contraindications to standard pharmacological therapy.
The Angel Catheter received 510(k) Clearance in July 2016.
Email sbrewer@bio2medical.com to request a meeting to review the study results and device.
Review course 2013 answer key.anand.tiwari
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2) It provides the answers to the MCQ questions along with short explanations for some answers.
3) The questions and answers would be useful for reviewing critical care and emergency medicine topics.
CDAC 2018 Cantor liquid biopsies
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http://cdac2018.lakecomoschool.org
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Askep ca colon inggris
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Risk factors include age, family history, inflammatory bowel diseases, sedentary lifestyle, diet high in red meat and low in fiber. Symptoms include rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, and weight loss. Screening tests like fecal occult blood test and colonoscopy can detect early-stage CRC and reduce mortality. CRC arises through genetic and epigenetic changes that transform normal colon cells into adenomas and eventually carcinomas over many years.
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Everyone needs a colonoscopy at 50 for colorectal cancer prevention, but what if…they simply refuse? They can’t afford it due to insurance issues? We seem to have forgotten that the updated ACG guidelines of 2009 for first time recommend use of annual stool FIT testing as “the preferred cancer detection test” if colonoscopy was not available or refused. How does FIT differ from our venerable stool guaiac testing? And is it finally time to discard gFOBT (AKA guaiac testing) as an insensitive and nonspecific diagnostic tool? Join our conversation and see how FIT testing fits our current screening guidelines, your patients’ financial limitations, and your excellent medical care.
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Cancer Serviks
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Gyne onco- conference-3
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Current concepts in the pathogenesis of cancer /certified fixed orthodontic c...
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Bed sore management
This document discusses bed sore management and prevention. It defines bed sores as injuries to the skin and underlying tissues caused by prolonged unreleived pressure. Risk factors include advanced age, malnutrition, physical disability, and chronic illness. Bed sores are staged from Stage 1 involving changes in skin color to Stage 4 involving full thickness tissue loss reaching muscle, bone and tendon. Treatment involves surgical procedures like debridement, dressings, antibiotics, regular posture changes, diet, and hygiene to prevent further complications. The nursing perspective focuses on assessing risk factors, inspecting the skin and environment, staging any sores present, and ensuring regular care and prevention measures.
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POST TEST
https://forms.gle/apSH6sR5mRTwRvjJ6
https://youtube.com/channel/UCUlJw6wef_dhQi3TXNTkn6g
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Event Link:- https://meetups.mulesoft.com/events/details/mulesoft-mysore-presents-mule-event-processing-models/
Agenda
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For Upcoming Meetups Join Mysore Meetup Group - https://meetups.mulesoft.com/mysore/YouTube:- youtube.com/@mulesoftmysore
Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
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Shubham Chaurasia - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shubhamchaurasia1/
Giridhar Meka - https://www.linkedin.com/in/giridharmeka
Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
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Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
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