This document summarizes the key elements and principles of art. It discusses the elements of line, color, value, shape, form, space, and texture. It then explains the principles of design used to organize these elements, including balance, emphasis, contrast, rhythm, movement, pattern/repetition, unity, variety, and proportion. Examples of famous artists are provided to illustrate each element and principle.
Principles of ART
The principles of Art describe the ways that artists use the elements of art in a work of art.
Balance is the distribution of the visual weight of objects, colors, texture, and space. If the design was a scale, these elements should be balanced to make a design feel stable. In symmetrical balance, the elements used on one side of the design are similar to those on the other side; in asymmetrical balance, the sides are different but still look balanced. In radial balance, the elements are arranged around a central point and may be similar.
Emphasis is the part of the design that catches the viewer’s attention. Usually the artist will make one area stand out by contrasting it with other areas. The area could be different in size, color, texture, shape, etc.
Rhythm is created when one or more elements of design are used repeatedly to create a feeling of organized movement. Rhythm creates a mood like music or dancing. To keep rhythm exciting and active, variety is essential.
Variety is the use of several elements of design to hold the viewer’s attention and to guide the viewer’s eye through and around the work of art.
Harmony in art is the visually satisfying effect of combining similar, related elements. For instance: adjacent colors on the color wheel, similar shapes etc.
Movement is the path the viewer’s eye takes through the work of art, often to focal areas. Such movement can be directed along lines, edges, shape, and color within the work of art. Pattern is the repeating of an object or symbol all over the work of art.
Repetition is working with patterns to make the work of art seem active. The repetition of elements of design creates unity within the work of art.
Proportion is the feeling of unity created when all parts (sizes, amounts, or number) relate well with each other. When drawing the human figure, proportion can refer to the size of the head compared to the rest of the body.
Principles of ART
The principles of Art describe the ways that artists use the elements of art in a work of art.
Balance is the distribution of the visual weight of objects, colors, texture, and space. If the design was a scale, these elements should be balanced to make a design feel stable. In symmetrical balance, the elements used on one side of the design are similar to those on the other side; in asymmetrical balance, the sides are different but still look balanced. In radial balance, the elements are arranged around a central point and may be similar.
Emphasis is the part of the design that catches the viewer’s attention. Usually the artist will make one area stand out by contrasting it with other areas. The area could be different in size, color, texture, shape, etc.
Rhythm is created when one or more elements of design are used repeatedly to create a feeling of organized movement. Rhythm creates a mood like music or dancing. To keep rhythm exciting and active, variety is essential.
Variety is the use of several elements of design to hold the viewer’s attention and to guide the viewer’s eye through and around the work of art.
Harmony in art is the visually satisfying effect of combining similar, related elements. For instance: adjacent colors on the color wheel, similar shapes etc.
Movement is the path the viewer’s eye takes through the work of art, often to focal areas. Such movement can be directed along lines, edges, shape, and color within the work of art. Pattern is the repeating of an object or symbol all over the work of art.
Repetition is working with patterns to make the work of art seem active. The repetition of elements of design creates unity within the work of art.
Proportion is the feeling of unity created when all parts (sizes, amounts, or number) relate well with each other. When drawing the human figure, proportion can refer to the size of the head compared to the rest of the body.
Elements & Principles of Art Through PhotographyMs. Ross
Using photographs and infographics to explore the main elements and principles of art. Adapted partly from the work of:
Mrs. Moncure @moncurephoto.weebly.com
Ms. Rosania-Harvie @www.nhvweb.net
Elements & Principles of Art Through PhotographyMs. Ross
Using photographs and infographics to explore the main elements and principles of art. Adapted partly from the work of:
Mrs. Moncure @moncurephoto.weebly.com
Ms. Rosania-Harvie @www.nhvweb.net
Architectural Design Basics - أساسيات التصميم المعماريGalala University
The objective of this course is to familiarize students with architectural graphics and to introduce them to the principles and processes of design through a sequence of exercises emphasizing development of basic skills, ideas, and techniques used in the design of simplified architectural projects.
الهدف من هذا المقرر هو تعريف الطلاب بالرسومات المعمارية وعلى مبادئ وعمليات التصميم من خلال سلسلة من التمارين التي تؤكد على تطوير المهارات الأساسية والأفكار والتقنيات المستخدمة في تصميم المشاريع المعمارية المبسطة.
5. Line
Contour lines- outline
the edges of forms
or shapes
Gestural lines- indicate
action and physical
movement
6. COLOR
Consists of Hue
(another word for
color), Intensity
(brightness) and
Value (lightness or
darkness).
Henri Matisse Alexander Calder
7. Color
Color has three
properties:
1. The first is HUE.
(this is the name of the colors)
2. The second property of color is
value, which refers to the
lightness or darkness of a hue.
3. The third property of color is
intensity, which refers to the purity
of the hue (called “chroma”)
8. Neutral Colors
These colors are made by adding a
complimentary color (opposite on the color
wheel) to a hue. Neutralized hues are called
tones.
13. SHAPE
An enclosed area defined and determined
Joan
by other art elements; 2-dimensional. Miro
14. Shape
SHAPES CAN BE DESCRIBED AS:
GEOMETRIC
square, triangle, rectangle, rhombus, circle, cone
ORGANIC
free form shapes, shapes in nature for example:
leaves, trees, clouds, animals
16. FORM
A 3-dimensional object;
or something in a 2-
dimensional artwork that
appears to be 3-
dimensional.
For example, a triangle, which is 2-dimensional, is a
shape, but a pyramid, which is 3-dimensional, is a form.
Jean Arp Lucien Freud
18. SPACE
The distance or area between, around, above, below,
or within things.
Robert Mapplethorpe
Claude Monet Positive (filled with
Foreground, Middleground and something) and Negative
Background (creates DEPTH) (empty areas)
19. Space
Space is being created how?
How is space being altered?
20. TEXTURE
The surface quality or "feel" of an object, its
smoothness, roughness, softness, etc. Textures may
be actual or implied.
21. Texture
Implied texture – texture that has been
simulated in drawing and painting on a Actual texture – texture that you can feel
smooth surface with your sense of touch
22. The Principles of Design
What we use to organize the
Elements of Art,
or the tools to make art.
23. BALANCE
The way the elements are arranged to
Alexander Calder create a feeling of stability in a work.
24. Symmetrical Balance
The parts of an image are organized
so that one side mirrors the other.
Leonardo DaVinci