This is pdf for electrolyte imbalance in body potassium Hypokalemia and hayperkalmia

1. Potassium imbalance
HYPOKALEMIA , HYPERKALEMIA

2. Hypokalemia
 Hypokalemia is a metabolic disorder in
which potassium level is low below 3.5 mm

3. Causes: -
 Inadequate dietary intake of potassium
 Potassium
 Vomiting
 Diahrrhea
 Excessive sweating
 Adrenal gland tumour
 Cushing’s syndrome

4. Clinical manifestation
 Weak and thready pulse
 Orthostatic hypertension
 Skeletal and respiratory
 Muscle weakness
 Polyuria
 Hyperglycaemia

5. Treatment : -
 Correct Hypomagnesia
 Oral potassium replacement
 Dietary supplement
 IV fluid ( KCL )

6. Diagnostic evaluation : -
 BUN level
 ECG
 Metabolic alkalosis

7. Hyperkalemia : -
 It is a condition of electrolyte imbalance in which
potassium in concentration in the serum blood is more
than normal range

8. Causes : -
 Vomiting
 Diarrhoea
 Renal disorders
 Very low calories diet
 Excessive dietary intake of k
 Drugs

9. Sign and symptoms : -
 Nausea
 Diarrhoea
 Confusion
 Irregular heart beat
 Numbness
 Coma

10. Diagnostic evaluation : -
Serum potassium level
ECG
Metabolic acidosis

11. Treatment : -
1. Antiemetics drug : - ondesetron,
Grandisetrone( To induce the vomiting )
2. Potassium containing food should be
recommended tomatoes , coconut water
3. IV fluid potassium containing food should be
restricted