China has a variety of landforms and climates across its major regions. The Heartland consists of North and South China and has warm, humid conditions suitable for agriculture. The Outlying Regions include the colder Northeast, the deserts of Mongolia and Xinjiang, and the high mountains of Tibet. Most of China's large population lives in the eastern Heartland where farming is possible. The three longest rivers are the Yellow River known for flooding, the Yangtze which is important for trade and hydroelectric power, and the Xi River used for agriculture. The dominant Han ethnic group speaks Mandarin Chinese, and historically China was ruled by dynastic families under the belief in the Mandate of Heaven.

3. East Asia

12. Population

13. Population