4. Himalaya Mountains
• Created by South Asia colliding into East
Asia
• ~1000 miles long
• Contains Mount Everest- the world’s
highest peak 29,035 feet asl
• Located on the border of China and Nepal
5.
6. Himalaya Mountains
• Khyber Pass
– Located between Pakistan and Afghanistan in
the Himalayas
– Narrow crossing in the range
– Connects South Asia to East Asia
9. Deccan Plateau
• Lies between the
Eastern and Western
Ghats (mountain ranges)
and South of the Vindhya
Range
• Once covered by lava;
therefore rich, black soil
make it perfect for
growing crops
10.
11. Maldives
• Archipelago, made up of chain of coral
atolls and volcanic outcroppings
• Currently threatened by rising world sea
levels
12. Ganges Plain
• Worlds largest
alluvial plain- fertile
soil deposited by
flooded river water
• 1/10 of the worlds
people live here
• India’s most
densely populated
region
20. Monsoon- Seasonal wind which
brings rain
• Three Seasons
– Hot Season (Feb-
June) SE Winds
– Wet Season (July-
Sept) S Winds
– Cool Season (Oct-
Jan) N-NE Winds
21.
22.
23.
24.
25. Indus River
• Flows through Pakistan
• Mouth- Arabian Sea
• Important transportation route
• One of the earliest civilizations in the world
26.
27. Brahmaputra River
• Flows through India
and Bangladesh
• Mouth- Ganges
River at the Ganges
Delta
• Provides 50% of
Bangladesh’s
hydroelectricity
• Provides an inland
transportation route
28.
29. Ganges River
• Water is considered
sacred to Hindus
• Headway- Himalayas
• Mouth- Bay of Bengal
• One of the most polluted
rivers in the as a result
of a building boom,
tourist influx, corpse
disposals, dumping of
chemical wastes, &
human wastes.
46. Dhaka
• Capital of Bangladesh
• World’s 2nd
most densely populated urban area
• Over 14 million people (Mega city)
• The center of political, cultural, and economy of
Bangladesh
• Dhaka suffers from urban problems such as
pollution, congestion, and lack of adequate
services due to the rising population.
47.
48. Karachi, Pakistan
• Largest city, main seaport, major financial
center (located on the Arabian Sea)
• 13 million people (mega city)
49. Countries of South Asia
• South Asia population is 1.3 billion people
• 1/5 of worlds population live in South Asia
• Population is expected to double by 2050
50. India
• In population- worlds largest democracy
• Identify themselves by religion- Hindu,
Buddhist, Sikhs, Jains, Christians
• Jati- “Birth” in Hindu a person Jati
associated with their occupation and
community
• Ex) Surname Gandhi- “Greengrocer”
• Population 1.1 billion (2nd
largest in world)
• Population Density- 814 per square mile
51. India Continued
• 30% Urban
• Birth Rate- 21 births/1000
• Death Rate- 7 deaths/1000
• Republic- head of state is voted by the citizens
• Former British Colony (independence 1947)
• Religion- 81% Hindu, 13% Muslim, 2% Christian,
2% Sikh
• Language- 41% Hindi
52. Pakistan
• Population- 187 million
• Population Density- 472 people/square
mile
• Birth Rate- 25 births/1000
• Death Rate- 7 deaths/1000
• 36% Urban
• Life Expectancy- 66 years old
53. Pakistan Continued
• Government- Federal Islamic Republic
• Religion- 95% Muslim
• Language- 48% Punjabi
• Former British Colony
– (1947)
54. Bangladesh
• 158 million people
• Population Density- 2,706 people/square
mile *** highest in the world
• Birth Rate 23 births/1000
• Death Rate 6 deaths/1000
• 28% Urban
• Language- Bangla
• Religion- 90% Muslim, 10% Hindu
• Government- Parliamentary Democracy
55. Sri Lanka
• 21 million people
• Population Density- 818 people/square mile
• Birth Rate 17 births/1000
• Death Rate 6 deaths/1000
• 14% Urban
• Religion- 69% Buddhist, 7% Muslim and Hindu,
6% Christian
• Language- Sinhala- 74%, Tamil- 18%
57. Nepal
• 29 million people
• Density- 477 people/square mile
• Birth Rate- 22 births/1000
• Death Rate- 7 deaths/1000
• 19% Urban
• Government- Federal Democratic Republic
• Religion- 81% Hindu, 11% Buddhist, 4% Muslim
• Language- Nepali
• ***Contains 8 of the 10 highest peaks in the
world including Everest
58. Hinduism
• “The Eternal Law”
• Belief requires every person to carry out
their Dharma (moral duty). Death
undergoes Reincarnation (rebirth). At a
certain point, people leave rebirth and
reunite with the eternal being (Dharma).
• Law of Karma- Good deeds which help a
person reach Dharma
59. Buddhism
• Siddharta Gautama-
• “Buddha” or “Awakened One”
– Prince who gave up all power and wealth after
becoming aware of human suffering. Taught
that material things cause human suffering
and people should think clearly, work hard
and show compassion for all living things in
order to be liberated from endless rebirth
(Nirvana)
63. History of South Asia
• Indus River Valley
– Began ~2000 BC
– Developed 1st
writing system, strong central
government, and overseas trade
– Built first cities Harappa and Mohenjo Daro
• Aryans
– Began ~1700-1500 BC
– Sacred Writings- Vedas- created the social
Caste System
64. Mohandas Gandhi
• Pre-eminent political
and ideological
leader of India during
the independence
movement from
Britain.
• Gain independence
through nonviolence
• Referred to as
“Bapu” or Father of
the Nation
