It gives a complete idea of concept, design and construction detail of Base Isolation Technique which is used for making the buildings earthquake resistant to a much greater extent.

1. BY-
RAJAT NAINWAL

2. GTB HOSPITAL, SHAHDARA (NEW DELHI)

3. GTB HOSPITAL, SHAHDARA (NEW DELHI)
 This 500 bedded New Ward Block is a extension of GTB Hospital, Shahdara,
Delhi.
 The building was built on the technique of BASE ISOLATION.
 It is a 8 storied RCC frame structure building with modern façade as Texture
paint, structural glazing. The work included complete internal finishing
including internal electrification work.
 The building has rich finishes such as vitrified tile, granite, kota stone & marble
flooring. It has ceramic glazed tile in wall dado and aluminum doors & windows
 Approx Area of Project : 3 lac sqft.
 Approx Cost of Work : Rs. 35 Crores.

5. BASE ISOLATION IN BUILDING
 Isolator Components Between the Foundation and
Superstructure.

6. BASE ISOLATION IN BUILDING

7. SHEAR WALLS

8. LA GARDENIA COMPLEX

9. La Gardenia housing complex consists
of 7 towers of eighteen storeys with
two levels of basements.
The complex is spread over 11 acres of
land in South city, Gurgaon, about 8 km
from the international airport, New
Delhi.

10. A novel structural system of friction-damped frames has been adopted for
construction of eighteen-storey apartment building.
Pall friction-dampers are provided in steel bracing in concrete frames.
The use of steel bracing eliminated the need of expensive concrete shear walls and
the use of friction-dampers eliminated the need of dependence on member ductility.
Friction-damped bracing are located in partitions, around staircases or elevator shaft.

11. Friction-damped bracing do not carry any gravity load, these do not need
to go down through the basements to the foundation.
At the ground floor level, the lateral shear from the bracing is transferred
through the rigid floor diaphragm to the perimeter retaining walls of the
basement.
A total of 66 friction-dampers were required to extract sufficient energy
to safeguard the structure and its contents from damage.

12. DISTRICT HOSPITAL , BHUJ (GUJARAT)

13. Gujarat province in Northern India was the home of Mahatma Ghandi. It is
also the site of earthquakes, one of which devastated the province in
January 2001 and caused tens of thousands of casualties.
The new 30,000m² hospital is the first building in India to be fitted with the
technology.
With this system the bearings are part of the building's foundations,
allowing the structure to remain virtually stationary during an earthquake.
The system is maintenance-free and does not incorporate electronics. It's
just rubber and lead. Blocks of rubber, with a core of lead, are isolating the
main hospital building from the ground and will absorb the shock during a
quake.
With this technology, the building sways about 35 cm in every direction and
not a glass pane will fall even if an earthquake measures ten on the Richter
scale.

14. Lead, which has this property of turning into liquid under
pressure and solidifying once the pressure is taken off without
any change in its chemical composition, is used to slow down
the movement of the building during a quake and absorb the
tremendous force generated from below the ground.
While the building virtually floats on the fluid lead, the rubber
provides the necessary friction to bring it back into the frame.
While 186 of the 282 columns of the hospital are supported on
lead embedded rubber blocks known as bearings, the rest stand
on another form of isolation technique, the Teflon Slider, which
consists of a piece of Teflon that slides on a plate of mirror-grade
stainless steel.

15. View of Basement in Bhuj Hospital
building – built with base isolators
(below right).
Closer view of base isolator (upper
left).
PTFE Teflon slider plate (upper right)

17.  Construction Dates
Began1990
Finished1993
 Floor Count 70
 Basement Floors 3
 Floor Area 392,000 m²
 Units / Rooms 603
 Building Uses - office - hotel - observation - retail
 Structural Types - highrise - tuned mass damper
 Architectural Style - modern
 Materials - glass - concrete, reinforced
 Roof 971 ft
 Dampers 925 ft
 Observation deck 896
Architect: Stubbins Associates
Developer: Shimizu Corporation and Mitsubishi Estate
Engineering: LeMessurier Consultants

18. FACTS
 Tallest building in Japan.
 Currently has the world's second fastest elevator -
traveling at 750m/min.
 2 tuned dampers are located 282m above ground level.
 The Yokohama Royal Park Hotel occupies floors 49 to
70 of the building, making it Japan's highest hotel. The
lower 48 floors are used as offices and retail.
 The building will be usurped as the tallest in Japan
when the Nishi Shinjuku project is built in 2010, with
its 77 story tower.

19.  Active structural control
system
 Refers to the use of
automatic control
theory, the smaller
additional mass
produce better damping
effect.
 Principle: source →
sensor → Processors →
Brakes
 Projects: Yokohama
landmark tower

20.  Active Control
 • Multi-hazard mitigation (e.g. wind and earthquake).
 • Principle based primarily on added structural energy
 dissipating capacity and period adaptability.
 • Active system, design insensitive to site conditions and
 ground motions.
 • Insensitive to structural type (height, aspect ratio).
 • Limited interference with structural functionality in retrofit
 applications.
 • Potentially high costs. Robustness dependent on sensors
 and algorithms.
 • Dependence on external power supply.

21.  Hybrid Mass Damper
 The hybrid mass damper (HMD) is the most common control
 device employed in full-scale civil engineering applications.
 The HMD is a combination of a tuned mass damper (TMD) and
 an active control actuator. The ability of this device to reduce
 structural responses relies mainly on the natural motion of the
 TMD. The forces from the control actuator are employed to
increase
 the efficiency of the HMD and to increase its robustness
 to changes in the dynamic characteristics of the structure. The
 energy and forces required to operate a typical HMD are far less
 than those associated with a fully active mass damper system of
 comparable performance.

22. "bandages" pillars
 Japan invented a cheap shock reinforcement
technology. Using resin material "bandage" to wrap
building pillar. This technique is developed by the
Institute of Quality Assurance constructed technique
and called "SRF process." Earthquake "bandage" is
made of resin fiber woven manufacturing and its shape
like a seat belt. The seismic belt coated with adhesive
and wrapped secured to the building pillars.

23. When the earthquake
occurred, even if there is
internal damage of pillar it
will not collapse, which
could ensure personal
living space.