This document discusses base isolation as a seismic protection system for buildings. It defines base isolation as reducing the interaction between a structure and the ground by incorporating seismic isolation at the base. It describes the principles of base isolation, including allowing the ground to move without transmitting motions to the structure. It also outlines different isolation components like elastomeric isolators and sliding isolators. Examples of base isolation being used in real buildings in India are provided. The document concludes that base isolation is a reliable earthquake resistant design method when properly planned and developed isolation systems are used.

2. By:-
Shreeja Guha
Shaikh Aliya
Namrata
Renuka
Aditi
Technical Seminar Report on
Guided by: Mr.

3. What is Base Isolation
Study of Earthquake
Introduction
Effects of Earthquake
Base Isolation
Principle of Base Isolation
Isolation Components
Elastomeric Isolators
Sliding Isolators
Base Isolators in real building
Applications
Conclusions

4. What is Base
Isolation?The term isolation refers to reduced interaction
between structure and the ground.
When the seismic isolation system is located under the
structure, it is referred as “base isolation”.
To know the detail of Base Isolation first of all we
need to know what is seismic waves.
Lets Start

5. Earthquake
An Earthquake is the result of a sudden release of
energy in the Earth’s crust that creates seismic
waves.

6. Introduction
 Earthquake by itself, is not a disaster, it is natural phenomenon
result from ground movement, sometimes violent.
 These produce surface waves, which cause vibration of the
ground and structures standing on top.
 Depending on the characteristics of these vibrations, the ground
may develop cracks, fissures and settlements.

7. Here we can see that major part of India is prone to Earthquake, that’s
why need of Base Isolation is in high demand to meet the crisis.

8.  The possible risk of loss of life adds a very serious dimension to
seismic design, putting a moral responsibility on structural
engineers.
 In recent times, many new systems have been developed, either
to reduce the earthquake forces acting on the structure or to
absorb a part of seismic energy.
 One of the most widely implemented and accepted seismic
protection systems is Base Isolation.
Introduction…

9. Effects of
Earthquake

10. Base Isolation
Base isolation is one of the most widely accepted seismic
protection systems in earthquake prone areas.
It mitigates the effect of an earthquake by essentially isolating the
structure from potentially dangerous ground motions.
(a) Conventional structure (b) Base
isolated structure

11. BASE ISOLATION…
 Seismic isolation is a design strategy, which uncouples the
structure for the damaging effects of the ground motion.
 The other purpose of an isolation system is to provide an
additional means of energy dissipation, thereby reducing the
transmitted acceleration into the superstructure.
 The decoupling allows the building to behave more flexibly
which improves its response to an earthquake.

12. Buildings with foundation base fixed to the
super structure are known as Fixed base.
Buildings with rubber or similar isolation
between to base foundation and structure
are known as Base isolated buildings.
BASE ISOLATION…

13. Principle of Base
Isolation
 The fundamental principle of base isolation is to modify the
response of the building so that the ground can move below the
building without transmitting these motions into the building.
 For this type of structure, when the ground beneath the structure
moves there will be zero acceleration induced in the structure and
the relative displacement between the structure and ground will
be equal to the ground displacement.

14.  So in flexible structures the structure will not move, the
ground will.
Principle of Base Isolation…

15. Isolation
Components
 Elastomeric Isolators
 Natural Rubber Bearings
 Low-Damping Rubber Bearings
 Lead-Rubber Bearings
 High-Damping Rubber Bearings
 Sliding Isolators
 Resilient Friction System
 Friction Pendulum System

16. Elastomeric
IsolatorsThese are formed of horizontal layers of natural
or synthetic rubber in thin layers bonded
between steel plates.
Isolation Components…

17. Natural Rubber Bearing Low-Damping Rubber Bearing
Lear-core Rubber Bearing High-Damping Rubber Bearing
Isolation Components…

18. Sliding
IsolatorsIn this type of Isolation system, the sliding
displacements are controlled by high-tension
springs or laminated rubber bearings, or by
making the sliding surface curved.
These mechanisms provide a restoring force to
return the structure to its equilibrium position.
Isolation Components…

19. Friction Pendulum System
Resilient Friction System
Isolation Components…

20.  In India, base isolation technique was first demonstrated after
the 1993 Killari (Maharashtra) Earthquake.
 Two single storey buildings in newly relocated Killari town
were built with rubber base isolators resting on hard ground.
 After the 2001 Bhuj (Gujarat) earthquake, the four-storey Bhuj
Hospital building was built with base isolation technique.
 All were brick masonry buildings with concrete roof.
Base Isolation in Real
Building

21. Applications
 Base isolation provides an alternative to the conventional,
fixed base design of structures.
 Base Isolation minimizes the need for strengthening measures
of adding shear walls, frames, and bracing by reducing the
earthquake forces imparted to the building.
 Base isolation had the effect of reducing the earthquake force
demands on the superstructure to 30% of the demands for a
fixed-base structure.

22. Conclusion
 Seismic base isolation method has proved to be a reliable method of
earthquake resistant Design.
 The success of this method is largely attributed to the development of
isolation devices and proper planning.
 Adaptable isolation systems are required to be effective during a wide
range of seismic events.
 Efforts are required to find the solutions for the situations like near
fault regions where wide variety of earthquake motions may occur.

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