Development of Medieval music Characteristics of Medieval music Composers of Medieval Music Introduction of Renaissance period

1. DEVELOPMENT OF MUSIC

2. Development of Music in Medieval
Gregorian chant (monophonic): Alleluia, O Successores
Organum (polyphonic) - a Gregorian chant with 2 or more lines
- In a parallel motion
Cantus firmus – a chant that is used as the basis for polyphony.
Secular music: Estampie
Troubadours – French nobles who composed secular music

3. Composers during Early Medieval
• Leonin and Perotin – first notable composers of Notre Dame
Leoninus (fl. 1169-1201)
 First polyphonic composer known by name
 Two-voice organum
 Magnus liber organi
Perotinus (fl. 1198-1236)
 Successor to Leoninus
 Wrote up to four-voice organum

4. Hildegard of Bingen - first woman composer from whom a
large number of works
-10th child of noble parents, raised in convent
- Founded her own convent in 1150
- Experienced and recorded visions
- Scivias is the 1st book of her writings
- Wrote religious poetry and music

5. 14th Century Music: “The New Art”
• Age of disintegration.
• Both feudal system and the authority of the church had been
weakened.
• Secular became more important than sacred music
• New system of music notation – syncopation was introduce

6. Composers during the 14th Century
• Francesco Landini
– born in Florence, Italy and was blind childhood
- organist, poet, scholar & inventor of a new string
instruments
Works:
* Ecco La Primavera (Spring Has Come

7. • Guillaume De Machaut
- born in the French province of Champagne
- spent most of his life as a court official
- became secretary to John, king of Bohemian.
Works:
Notre Dame Mass
Mass Ordinary: 1. Kyrie
2. Gloria
3. Credo
4. Sanctus
5. Agnus Dei

8. Renaissance
Period
1450 - 1600

9. Renaissance Period
• “rebirth” or renaissance
• a period of exploration and adventure
• Age of curiosity and individualism
• Dominant intellectual movement was
Humanism
• Favorite theme is nude human body.
• The invention of printing with movable
type.
Famous People
• Christopher Columbus
• Vasco da Gama
• Ferdinand Magellan
• Leonardo da Vinci
• Martin Luther

10. Characteristics of Renaissance Music
• Word & Music
- vocal music was more important than instrumental
- composers used word painting, musical presentation of
specific poetic images.
Example:
“descending from heaven” might be set to a descending melodic
lines
“running” might be heard with a series of rapid notes.

11. • Texture
- polyphonic
- homophonic is used in light music like dance
- choral music is unaccompaniment, for this reason, the period is
called “golden age” of unaccompanied (a capella)
• Rhythm and Melody
- rhythm is more a gentle flow
- each melodic line has great rhythmic independence