The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This document provides an overview of occlusion concepts in fixed partial dentures. It discusses theories of occlusion such as Bonwill's triangular theory, the conical theory, and the spherical theory. It also covers classifications of occlusion by Dawson, concepts such as bilateral balanced occlusion and mutually protected occlusion, determinants of occlusion including condylar guidance and anterior guidance, and curves of occlusion like the curves of Spee and Wilson. The document is intended as a reference for understanding occlusion in prosthodontic treatments involving fixed partial dentures.
2. principles of designing rpd with special emphsis on support and periodr zarir ruttonji
This document provides an overview of principles of removable partial dentures, with a focus on supporting remaining teeth. It discusses indications for RPDs, principles of design, stress considerations, forces acting on partial dentures including levers and fulcrums. It covers biomechanical considerations of individual components like rests, major/minor connectors, direct retainers, and indirect retainers. Clasp designs are discussed as well as strategic clasp positioning to control stresses. The document emphasizes supporting remaining teeth and distributing stresses across components of the partial denture.
Dental Clasp designs 1 /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
3 basic principles for designing class ii and iii and ivAmal Kaddah
Designing Kennedy class II partial dentures usually follows the same basic principles as class I partial dentures. The main challenges are lack of proper posterior support and retention due to the absence of a posterior saddle. Indirect retention is important to counteract rotational forces on the denture. Problems with class II dentures can be reduced by adding retention on the dentulous side, using a clasp line that divides the denture in half, and indirect retainers to reduce lateral loading and denture rotation. Stress on the residual ridge and abutment teeth is minimized through broad denture base coverage, accurate impressions, improving the ridge condition, using narrow teeth, and proper choice of direct retainers.
This document discusses various types of failures that can occur in fixed partial dentures (FPDs). It categorizes failures as biologic, mechanical, esthetic, or psychogenic. Biologic failures include caries of retainers or adjacent teeth, pulpal degeneration of abutments, endodontic failure of abutments, and periodontal failure. Causes, symptoms, detection, treatment, and prevention are described for each type of biologic failure.
This document discusses various methods of retention for maxillofacial prosthetics. It begins with a brief history of maxillofacial prosthetics from ancient Egypt to modern times. It then covers different types of anatomic retention including intraoral considerations like support from residual structures and extraoral considerations. The document also discusses various methods of mechanical retention such as cast clasps, attachments, adhesives, and implants that can be used to improve retention of maxillofacial prosthetics.
Failures in Fixed Partial Denture
(Prosthodontics FPD- Dental science)
Various types of failures in the fabrication of fixed partial denture
Dr.Sachin Sunny Otta
St.Gregorios Dental College,Kothamangalam,Ernakulam
The document discusses guidelines for selecting teeth for complete dentures. It describes various concepts for anterior tooth selection based on factors like size, form, shade, and composition. Size is determined by pre-extraction records or post-extraction measurements of facial features and the residual ridge. Form depends on the patient's facial profile, sex, age and personality. Shade selection considers the patient's age, complexion and desires. Both porcelain and acrylic materials are used. Guidelines are also provided for posterior tooth selection, focusing on shade, size, number, form and material composition suited for balancing occlusion and the patient's needs.
This document provides an overview of occlusion concepts in fixed partial dentures. It discusses theories of occlusion such as Bonwill's triangular theory, the conical theory, and the spherical theory. It also covers classifications of occlusion by Dawson, concepts such as bilateral balanced occlusion and mutually protected occlusion, determinants of occlusion including condylar guidance and anterior guidance, and curves of occlusion like the curves of Spee and Wilson. The document is intended as a reference for understanding occlusion in prosthodontic treatments involving fixed partial dentures.
2. principles of designing rpd with special emphsis on support and periodr zarir ruttonji
This document provides an overview of principles of removable partial dentures, with a focus on supporting remaining teeth. It discusses indications for RPDs, principles of design, stress considerations, forces acting on partial dentures including levers and fulcrums. It covers biomechanical considerations of individual components like rests, major/minor connectors, direct retainers, and indirect retainers. Clasp designs are discussed as well as strategic clasp positioning to control stresses. The document emphasizes supporting remaining teeth and distributing stresses across components of the partial denture.
Dental Clasp designs 1 /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
3 basic principles for designing class ii and iii and ivAmal Kaddah
Designing Kennedy class II partial dentures usually follows the same basic principles as class I partial dentures. The main challenges are lack of proper posterior support and retention due to the absence of a posterior saddle. Indirect retention is important to counteract rotational forces on the denture. Problems with class II dentures can be reduced by adding retention on the dentulous side, using a clasp line that divides the denture in half, and indirect retainers to reduce lateral loading and denture rotation. Stress on the residual ridge and abutment teeth is minimized through broad denture base coverage, accurate impressions, improving the ridge condition, using narrow teeth, and proper choice of direct retainers.
This document discusses various types of failures that can occur in fixed partial dentures (FPDs). It categorizes failures as biologic, mechanical, esthetic, or psychogenic. Biologic failures include caries of retainers or adjacent teeth, pulpal degeneration of abutments, endodontic failure of abutments, and periodontal failure. Causes, symptoms, detection, treatment, and prevention are described for each type of biologic failure.
This document discusses various methods of retention for maxillofacial prosthetics. It begins with a brief history of maxillofacial prosthetics from ancient Egypt to modern times. It then covers different types of anatomic retention including intraoral considerations like support from residual structures and extraoral considerations. The document also discusses various methods of mechanical retention such as cast clasps, attachments, adhesives, and implants that can be used to improve retention of maxillofacial prosthetics.
Failures in Fixed Partial Denture
(Prosthodontics FPD- Dental science)
Various types of failures in the fabrication of fixed partial denture
Dr.Sachin Sunny Otta
St.Gregorios Dental College,Kothamangalam,Ernakulam
The document discusses guidelines for selecting teeth for complete dentures. It describes various concepts for anterior tooth selection based on factors like size, form, shade, and composition. Size is determined by pre-extraction records or post-extraction measurements of facial features and the residual ridge. Form depends on the patient's facial profile, sex, age and personality. Shade selection considers the patient's age, complexion and desires. Both porcelain and acrylic materials are used. Guidelines are also provided for posterior tooth selection, focusing on shade, size, number, form and material composition suited for balancing occlusion and the patient's needs.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
This document discusses the management of abused tissues in prosthodontics. It defines tissue abuse as improper usage of dental prostheses. Causes of tissue abuse include ill-fitting dentures, continuous wearing, traumatic injuries, and faulty occlusion. Associated tissue reactions include epulis fissuratum, traumatic ulcers, inflamed flabby ridges, denture stomatitis, angular chelitis, and frictional keratosis. Management involves detecting and removing irritants, improving denture fit, using soft denture liners, and following good oral hygiene. Tissue conditioners provide temporary relief while long-term soft liners help heal abused tissues by dispersing forces over wider areas.
This document discusses overdentures, which are complete or partial dentures constructed over existing teeth, roots, or implants to provide additional support, stability, and retention. It describes different types of overdentures including tooth-supported and implant-supported overdentures. Various techniques for constructing tooth-supported overdentures are presented, including different ways of preparing and covering abutment teeth. Indications and contraindications for overdentures are also outlined.
This document discusses resin bonded fixed partial dentures (RBFPDs). It defines RBFPDs as prostheses that are luted to tooth structure using composite resin. Various types are described, including cantilever, fixed-fixed, and hybrid bridges. Advantages include reduced cost and minimal tooth preparation. Indications are for replacing single missing teeth with caries-free abutments. A case example describes using an RBFPD to replace a missing mandibular incisor and splint mobile abutment teeth.
A dental veneer is a thin layer of material bonded to a tooth to improve aesthetics or function. There are three main types of veneers: conventional porcelain veneers, which are the most durable and natural-looking; Lumineers, which do not require tooth structure removal; and composite resin veneers. Conventional porcelain veneers require tooth preparation through reduction, interproximal reduction, incisal modification, and cervical definition before an impression is taken and a temporary veneer placed. Lumineers involve polishing teeth, etching, applying primer and bonding agents, inserting into a tray, and curing to bond to teeth without removal of tooth structure.
1. Rests and rest seats provide support and retention for removable partial dentures. A rest sits in a preparation and a rest seat is the prepared portion of a tooth to receive a rest.
2. Rests and rest seats function to direct forces along the long axis of teeth, prevent denture movement, and maintain the relationship between clasps and teeth.
3. Rest seats are prepared with burs or diamonds to provide a smooth contour that directs forces correctly. Occlusal rests are triangular while cingulum rests form an inverted V-shape less than 90 degrees.
The biomechanics of stresses induced by removable partial dentureIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses the ferrule effect in restoring endodontically treated teeth. It defines a ferrule as a band of metal encircling the coronal tooth structure that extends at least 1.5-2mm below the finish line. The presence of a ferrule helps resist fracture by reinforcing the tooth against lever forces and post insertion stresses. It also helps prevent root fractures. An adequate ferrule requires sufficient height, width, and number of surrounding walls. Teeth can be classified based on their ferrule characteristics into categories with varying risk levels. When little structure remains, crown lengthening or orthodontic extrusion may help create a ferrule, but extraction may be a better option if
An abutment is the tooth or portion of a tooth that supports and retains a dental prosthesis. It must withstand the forces normally directed to the missing teeth in addition to its own forces. Better abutment choices are vital teeth or endodontically treated teeth with good seals. The crown-root ratio, root configuration, and periodontal area of potential abutment teeth must be evaluated. Teeth with broader roots, multiple separated roots, and larger periodontal surface areas provide better support.
Precision attachments in prosthodontics/ orthodontics short term coursesIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Stress exerted against the teeth and their attachment apparatus by occlusal forces may be within the adaptive capacities of the tissues or else the tissues may not be capable of compensation and adaptation and the result is tissue destruction
Occlusion refers to the relationship between opposing teeth when the jaws are closed. There are several types of complete denture occlusion including balanced, monoplane, and lingualized occlusion. Balanced occlusion involves simultaneous anterior and posterior tooth contacts on both sides during chewing and is unique to dentures but enhances stability. It requires a minimum of three contact points. Monoplane occlusion uses non-anatomic teeth without cuspal height for a simpler arrangement, while lingualized occlusion positions the maxillary lingual cusps against the mandibular teeth. Both have advantages and disadvantages related to function, forces, and appearance. Proper planning of occlusion is important for complete dentures.
1. A tooth supported overdenture is a removable partial or complete denture that covers and receives support from one or more remaining natural teeth or dental implants.
2. It provides advantages like ridge preservation, improved retention, stability and support compared to conventional complete dentures.
3. Tooth supported overdentures can be classified based on the type of abutment preparation (coping vs non-coping) and the timing of placement (immediate, interim or definitive).
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Gingival retraction techniques for implants versus teeth/ cosmetic dentistry ...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The document discusses various methods for selecting anterior teeth for complete dentures. It describes the evolution of techniques from early dimensional measurements to more modern methods based on facial proportions, typal forms, and the golden ratio. The goals of anterior tooth selection are outlined as function, speech, esthetics, and tissue health. Size, form, and color are identified as key factors to consider when selecting teeth.
Principles of designing in Removable Partial denturesShebin Abraham
This document discusses principles for designing removable partial dentures (RPDs). It covers biomechanical considerations like the types of movements that occur in RPDs and factors that influence stress transmission to abutment teeth. Design considerations are presented to help control stresses, including using indirect retention, splinting abutments, and designing clasps and denture bases to minimize lever forces. Different designs are recommended for tooth-supported versus tissue-supported RPDs.
This document outlines the planning sequence for designing removable partial dentures (RPDs). It begins with a diagnostic assessment and preliminary impressions to obtain diagnostic casts. The casts are then mounted in centric relation. The ideal RPD design is then drawn on paper, considering factors like abutment teeth, the dental arch, and occlusion. The design is surveyed on the study casts to determine the most advantageous path of insertion and withdrawal. The design is then revised and finalized. Key steps in the design process are discussed, including the use of rests, connectors, and different types of retainers for mandibular and maxillary designs. Issues to consider for each component are also outlined.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
This document discusses the management of abused tissues in prosthodontics. It defines tissue abuse as improper usage of dental prostheses. Causes of tissue abuse include ill-fitting dentures, continuous wearing, traumatic injuries, and faulty occlusion. Associated tissue reactions include epulis fissuratum, traumatic ulcers, inflamed flabby ridges, denture stomatitis, angular chelitis, and frictional keratosis. Management involves detecting and removing irritants, improving denture fit, using soft denture liners, and following good oral hygiene. Tissue conditioners provide temporary relief while long-term soft liners help heal abused tissues by dispersing forces over wider areas.
This document discusses overdentures, which are complete or partial dentures constructed over existing teeth, roots, or implants to provide additional support, stability, and retention. It describes different types of overdentures including tooth-supported and implant-supported overdentures. Various techniques for constructing tooth-supported overdentures are presented, including different ways of preparing and covering abutment teeth. Indications and contraindications for overdentures are also outlined.
This document discusses resin bonded fixed partial dentures (RBFPDs). It defines RBFPDs as prostheses that are luted to tooth structure using composite resin. Various types are described, including cantilever, fixed-fixed, and hybrid bridges. Advantages include reduced cost and minimal tooth preparation. Indications are for replacing single missing teeth with caries-free abutments. A case example describes using an RBFPD to replace a missing mandibular incisor and splint mobile abutment teeth.
A dental veneer is a thin layer of material bonded to a tooth to improve aesthetics or function. There are three main types of veneers: conventional porcelain veneers, which are the most durable and natural-looking; Lumineers, which do not require tooth structure removal; and composite resin veneers. Conventional porcelain veneers require tooth preparation through reduction, interproximal reduction, incisal modification, and cervical definition before an impression is taken and a temporary veneer placed. Lumineers involve polishing teeth, etching, applying primer and bonding agents, inserting into a tray, and curing to bond to teeth without removal of tooth structure.
1. Rests and rest seats provide support and retention for removable partial dentures. A rest sits in a preparation and a rest seat is the prepared portion of a tooth to receive a rest.
2. Rests and rest seats function to direct forces along the long axis of teeth, prevent denture movement, and maintain the relationship between clasps and teeth.
3. Rest seats are prepared with burs or diamonds to provide a smooth contour that directs forces correctly. Occlusal rests are triangular while cingulum rests form an inverted V-shape less than 90 degrees.
The biomechanics of stresses induced by removable partial dentureIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses the ferrule effect in restoring endodontically treated teeth. It defines a ferrule as a band of metal encircling the coronal tooth structure that extends at least 1.5-2mm below the finish line. The presence of a ferrule helps resist fracture by reinforcing the tooth against lever forces and post insertion stresses. It also helps prevent root fractures. An adequate ferrule requires sufficient height, width, and number of surrounding walls. Teeth can be classified based on their ferrule characteristics into categories with varying risk levels. When little structure remains, crown lengthening or orthodontic extrusion may help create a ferrule, but extraction may be a better option if
An abutment is the tooth or portion of a tooth that supports and retains a dental prosthesis. It must withstand the forces normally directed to the missing teeth in addition to its own forces. Better abutment choices are vital teeth or endodontically treated teeth with good seals. The crown-root ratio, root configuration, and periodontal area of potential abutment teeth must be evaluated. Teeth with broader roots, multiple separated roots, and larger periodontal surface areas provide better support.
Precision attachments in prosthodontics/ orthodontics short term coursesIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Stress exerted against the teeth and their attachment apparatus by occlusal forces may be within the adaptive capacities of the tissues or else the tissues may not be capable of compensation and adaptation and the result is tissue destruction
Occlusion refers to the relationship between opposing teeth when the jaws are closed. There are several types of complete denture occlusion including balanced, monoplane, and lingualized occlusion. Balanced occlusion involves simultaneous anterior and posterior tooth contacts on both sides during chewing and is unique to dentures but enhances stability. It requires a minimum of three contact points. Monoplane occlusion uses non-anatomic teeth without cuspal height for a simpler arrangement, while lingualized occlusion positions the maxillary lingual cusps against the mandibular teeth. Both have advantages and disadvantages related to function, forces, and appearance. Proper planning of occlusion is important for complete dentures.
1. A tooth supported overdenture is a removable partial or complete denture that covers and receives support from one or more remaining natural teeth or dental implants.
2. It provides advantages like ridge preservation, improved retention, stability and support compared to conventional complete dentures.
3. Tooth supported overdentures can be classified based on the type of abutment preparation (coping vs non-coping) and the timing of placement (immediate, interim or definitive).
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Gingival retraction techniques for implants versus teeth/ cosmetic dentistry ...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The document discusses various methods for selecting anterior teeth for complete dentures. It describes the evolution of techniques from early dimensional measurements to more modern methods based on facial proportions, typal forms, and the golden ratio. The goals of anterior tooth selection are outlined as function, speech, esthetics, and tissue health. Size, form, and color are identified as key factors to consider when selecting teeth.
Principles of designing in Removable Partial denturesShebin Abraham
This document discusses principles for designing removable partial dentures (RPDs). It covers biomechanical considerations like the types of movements that occur in RPDs and factors that influence stress transmission to abutment teeth. Design considerations are presented to help control stresses, including using indirect retention, splinting abutments, and designing clasps and denture bases to minimize lever forces. Different designs are recommended for tooth-supported versus tissue-supported RPDs.
This document outlines the planning sequence for designing removable partial dentures (RPDs). It begins with a diagnostic assessment and preliminary impressions to obtain diagnostic casts. The casts are then mounted in centric relation. The ideal RPD design is then drawn on paper, considering factors like abutment teeth, the dental arch, and occlusion. The design is surveyed on the study casts to determine the most advantageous path of insertion and withdrawal. The design is then revised and finalized. Key steps in the design process are discussed, including the use of rests, connectors, and different types of retainers for mandibular and maxillary designs. Issues to consider for each component are also outlined.
This document discusses the design considerations for different classes of removable partial dentures. It covers key aspects like location of retention, types of direct and indirect retainers, major connectors, bases, and how to avoid undesirable movements. The classes covered are maxillary and mandibular Class I-IV removable partial dentures. Design features are tailored based on tooth support and location of tooth loss for each class.
This document discusses removable partial dentures (RPDs). It describes the objectives of prosthodontic treatment, consequences of tooth loss, components and classification of RPDs, principles of design including support, retention and stability, and types of major connectors and retainers. The Kennedy classification system and Applegate's rules for applying it are also summarized.
This document discusses the design of removable partial dentures (RPDs). It defines the differences between Class I/II and Class III RPDs, and describes the design sequence including placing rests, major connectors, minor connectors, and direct and indirect retainers. Color codes for design elements are also explained. The objective of RPD design is to control denture movement while preserving oral tissues. Proper design follows diagnostic information and mechanical principles.
A removable partial denture is made by taking an impression of the patient's mouth, preparing a model, designing a metal framework with clasps to hold the denture in place, adding artificial teeth, curing it in a flask, and finishing/polishing. The process takes 3-6 weeks and involves multiple appointments for impressions, fittings, and adjustments.
Rest and Rest Seat preparation..removable partial denture eslam gomaa
1) Rests are extensions of a partial denture that are placed in prepared rest seats on teeth. They provide support to the partial denture.
2) Common types of rests include occlusal rests, lingual rests, incisal rests, and embrasure hooks. Occlusal rests are most commonly placed on posterior teeth while lingual rests are used on anterior teeth.
3) Rest seats are prepared to receive the rests. Requirements for an adequate rest seat include a rounded triangular shape, appropriate dimensions, and elimination of undercuts to allow for accurate seating of the rest.
1) Indirect retainers assist direct retainers in preventing displacement of distal extension denture bases by functioning through lever action on the opposite side of the fulcrum line.
2) Their primary function is to shift the fulcrum line away from the point of force application, counteracting lifting forces and stabilizing the denture.
3) They are most effectively placed in the incisor region but are often located on canines or premolars due to their greater strength. They should be placed as far from the fulcrum line as possible for maximum leverage.
Components of removable partial denture prosthesis /certified fixed orthodont...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
This document discusses different types of direct retainers for removable partial dentures, including intracoronal and extracoronal retainers. It describes various extracoronal clasp designs such as circlet, half and half, fish hook, reverse circlet, and embrasure clasps. Key factors that determine clasp retention like flexibility, diameter, and metal composition are also summarized. Guidelines for proper clasp design and factors influencing selection are provided.
Principles of removable partial dentures / orthodontic seminarsIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Designing in removable partial dentures /certified fixed orthodontic courses ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Design consideration in acrylic partial denture/ cosmetic dentistry trainingIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The document discusses design philosophies and principles for removable partial dentures (RPDs). It describes two main types of RPDs - tooth-borne and tooth-mucosa borne (extension base). Key points include how the placement of rests and retainers can influence forces on abutment teeth and the movement of the RPD during function. Proper design is important to direct forces favorably and minimize risks like bone loss or periodontal issues for retained teeth.
The document discusses biomechanics principles for removable partial dentures (RPDs). It describes two main types of RPDs: tooth-borne and extension base. Tooth-borne RPDs transmit forces to abutment teeth, while extension base RPDs share forces between teeth and denture bearing surfaces, causing movement. Proper design aims to counter dislodging and seating forces without overloading tissues. Key factors include rests, connectors, extensions, and occlusal refinement to direct forces optimally.
The document summarizes the key design considerations for mandibular major connectors in removable partial dentures. It discusses the basic requirements, types including lingual bar, linguoplate, sublingual bar, cingulum bar, and labial bar. It also covers the design sequence, blockout and relief, waxing specifications, advantages and disadvantages of each type. Non-rigid connectors like split bar, hidden lock, and disjunct dentures are also summarized.
The document outlines the steps involved in making a removable partial denture:
1) Impressions are taken of the patient's mouth to create a model.
2) A framework is designed and fabricated to hold replacement teeth.
3) Teeth are arranged and wax is used to form the denture base.
4) The wax denture is invested, processed, and polished to create the final removable partial denture. The process takes 3-6 weeks and several appointments.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Introduction & classification of removable partial dentureAbhinav Mudaliar
This document provides an introduction and overview of removable partial dentures (RPDs). It defines prosthodontics and discusses the different branches including removable prosthodontics. Removable prosthodontics involves replacing missing teeth and tissues with dentures that can be removed by the wearer. The document then examines various RPD classifications including Cummer's, Kennedy's, Applegate's modification, and Beckett and Wilson's classifications. It also outlines indications for RPDs and common terminology used in RPDs such as abutment, retainer, and temporary denture.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Raju designing of class i and class ii/ dental crown & bridge coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Design consideration in reducing stress in rpd/ oral surgery courses Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Stress breakers /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
This document discusses stress breakers in removable partial dentures. It begins by defining stress and the types of stresses created on abutment teeth in partial dentures. It then defines stress breakers and discusses their aims and guidelines. It classifies stress breakers and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. Key factors that influence the magnitude of stress transmitted to abutment teeth are described. Different stress breaker designs like torsion bars, split palates and wire connectors are explained. The document provides an in-depth overview of stress breakers in removable partial dentures.
Mc Cracken chapter 4: Biomechanics of Removable Partial Denture.Joel Koshy
This document discusses the biomechanics of removable partial dentures. It outlines how removable partial dentures are prone to movement under functional loads, which can exert stresses on supporting teeth and structures. The goal of biomechanics in design is to minimize these potentially destructive forces to within the physiological tolerance of tissues. Simple machines like levers are discussed, and how their forces should be avoided in design. Key considerations for minimizing damaging movements include obtaining maximum tissue support, minimizing cantilevers, and positioning retainers and guides to resist various movements. The use of implants can help restrict movements in removable partial dentures.
Rpd designing /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
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Rpd designing /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
This document discusses the design of removable partial dentures. It covers three basic approaches to distributing forces between the soft tissue and teeth: stress equalization, physiologic basing, and broad stress distribution. It describes stress directors and their advantages and disadvantages. It also discusses lever action, inclined planes, and how partial denture design can limit harmful forces on abutment teeth. The key information is the discussion of different partial denture design philosophies for distributing forces and limiting damage to teeth and soft tissue.
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This document discusses stress breakers in partial dentures. It defines a stress breaker as a device that allows movement between the denture base and direct retainers. Stress breakers aim to distribute stresses acting on abutment teeth between the teeth and soft tissue ridges. They are classified as either type 1 utilizing a hinge or type 2 utilizing a flexible connection. Examples of stress breakers described include torsion bars, divided connectors, and mesially placed rests. Both advantages like preserving abutment teeth and distributing stresses, and disadvantages like increased difficulty and ridge resorption are outlined.
indirect retainers for Removable Partial DenturesAnil Goud
This document discusses indirect retainers for removable partial dentures. It defines indirect retainers as components that assist direct retainers in preventing displacement of the distal extension denture base through lever action. Indirect retainers function based on principles of levers and rotation around various axes. Common forms of indirect retainers include occlusal rests, canine extensions, lingual rests, cingulum bars, and cummer arms, which are placed on teeth or palatal surfaces to aid in retaining the denture base. Proper design and placement of indirect retainers and other components is important to minimize displacing forces and help ensure the success of the removable partial denture prosthesis.
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
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The document discusses various types of clasps used for retention in removable partial dentures, including their design, parts, placement and advantages. It describes circumferential, bar, and combination clasps, noting factors like flexibility, coverage of tooth structure, and ability to engage undercuts that determine appropriate use. Proper clasp design and placement is important to resist forces while minimizing risks to abutment teeth and surrounding tissue.
This document discusses different concepts of occlusion including bilaterally balanced occlusion, unilaterally balanced occlusion, and mutually protected occlusion. It describes the key features of each concept and compares their advantages and disadvantages. The document also discusses factors that influence occlusion like condylar guidance, anterior guidance, and patient adaptability. It defines pathogenic occlusion and lists potential signs and symptoms. Finally, it outlines objectives and techniques for occlusal treatment, including the use of occlusal splints or devices.
This document discusses classification systems for removable partial dentures and components of removable partial dentures. It provides an overview of several classification systems including Cummer's classification, Kennedy's classification, and the Applegate-Kennedy classification system. It also defines and describes the key components of removable partial dentures including means of retention like clasps and rests, means of support, means of connection like major connectors and minor connectors, and indirect retainers.
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Similar to Designing in removable partial dentures /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy (20)
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Indian Dental Academy
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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This document discusses dental occlusion concepts and philosophies for complete dentures. It introduces key terms like physiologic occlusion and defines different occlusion schemes like balanced articulation and monoplane articulation. The document discusses advantages and disadvantages of using anatomic versus non-anatomic teeth for complete dentures. It also outlines requirements for maintaining denture stability, such as balanced occlusal contacts and control of horizontal forces. The goal of occlusion for complete dentures is to re-establish the homeostasis of the masticatory system disrupted by edentulism.
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This document discusses dental casting investment materials. It describes the three main types of investments - gypsum bonded, phosphate bonded, and ethyl silicate bonded investments. For gypsum bonded investments specifically, it details their classification, composition including the roles of gypsum, silica, and modifiers, setting time, normal and hygroscopic setting expansion, and thermal expansion. It provides information on how the properties of gypsum bonded investments are affected by their composition. The document serves as a comprehensive overview of dental casting investment materials.
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
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There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
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A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
2. INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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3. Introduction
Authorities in the field of removable
partial denture design may differ on
their approach in developing the design
of each individual prosthesis.
There is however, complete agreement
that the correct design incorporates
proper use and application of
mechanical and biologic principles.
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4.
Simple mechanical principles have to
understood and applied in designing of
the removable partial denture.
Machines are classified into 2
categories as simple and complex.
Complex machines are combinations of
many simple machines.
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5. Simple machines
Lever, wedge,
screw, wheel and
axle, pulley and
inclined plane.
A lever is a rigid
bar supported
somewhere along
its length.
Support point of
the lever is called
the fulcrum.
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6.
Of all simple
machines lever
and inclined
plane principle is
involved in partial
denture design.
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9. components in relation to the
horizontal axis of rotation
An abutment tooth will
better tolerate off
vertical forces if these
forces occur as near as
possible to the
horizontal axis of
rotation of the
abutment.
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10. Tooth Vs tooth- tissue
supported.
They differ in
Manner in which each is supported.
Method of impression registration.
Need for some indirect retention.
Denture base material. Acrylic/metal.
Difference in clasp design.
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11. Forces acting on partial
denture
The all tooth supported RPD is rarely
subjected to induced stresses ,because
leverage-type forces are not involved and
there are no fulcrums around which the
partial denture may rotate.
The distal extension partial denture is
subjected to rotation around 3 principal
fulcrums.
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12.
During the formulation of design these
fulcrums and the movement that may
take place around them must be kept in
mind and components positioned to
counteract the movement.
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13. Horizontal fulcrum line.
It is in the horizontal plane
extending through two
principal abutments.
Controls rotational
movement of denture in
sagittal plane (towards or
away from the ridge.)
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14.
Magnitude of rotational
movement is greatest
around this fulcrum but
not the most
damaging.
Difficult to control
movement around this
fulcrum line
Resultant forces are in
the apical direction.
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15. Fulcrum on sagittal plane
Extends through the
occlusal rest on the
terminal abutment
and along the crest of
the residual ridge on
one side of the arch.
Controls the rotational
movement in vertical
plane(rocking,or side
to side movements).
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16.
Movements are
easier to control
around this
fulcrum.
They are of lesser
magnitude.
More damaging
forces as
direction is
horizontal.
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17.
Vertical fulcrum line
Located in midline
,lingual to anterior
teeth.
Controls
movement of the
denture in
horizontal plane
(flat circular
movements of the
denture).
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20. Principles by A.H. Schmidt
(1956).
1.
2.
The dentist must have a thorough
knowledge of both the mechanical and
biologic factors involved in removable
partial denture design.
The treatment plan must be based on a
complete examination and diagnosis of
the individual patient.
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21. 3.
4.
5.
The dentist must correlate the
pertinent factors and determine a
proper plan of treatment.
A removable partial denture should
restore form and function without
injury to the remaining oral structure.
A removable partial denture is a form
of treatment and not a cure.
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22. Philosophy of design
Of the various schools of thought , none are
backed by scientific research or statistics.
They are ideas of dentists who by extensive
clinical experience have formulated rules by
which they produce a design .
The challenge in design lies primarily in class
1 and 2 arches and to some extent in the
class 4 arches.
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23.
There are 3 basic , underlying
approaches to distributing the forces
acting on partial denture between the
soft tissues and teeth.
Stress equalization
Physiologic basing
Broad stress distribution.
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24. Stress equalization
Resiliency of the tooth
secured by the
periodontal ligament in
an apical direction is
not comparable to the
greater resiliency and
displaceability of the
mucosa covering the
edentulous ridge.
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25.
There fore , it is
believed that a a
type of stress
equalizer is needed
to replace the rigid
connection between
denture base and
direct retainer.
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26.
Most common
type is a hinge
device which
permits vertical
movement of the
denture base. it
can be adjusted to
control the
amount of vertical
movement.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
27. Advantages.
1.
2.
Minimal direct retention is required- as
denture base acts more
independently.
Has the massaging or stimulating
effect on the underlying bone and soft
tissue. Which minimizes tissue change
and resulting Rebasing procedures.
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28. Disadvantages.
Construction of stress director is
complex and costly.
2.
Constant maintenance required.
3.
Difficult or impossible to repair.
4.
Lateral movements of base can lead
to rapid resorption of the ridges.
This school of thought had got fewer
advocates.
1.
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29. Physiologic basing
This school of thought too believes that
there is relative lack of movement in
abutment teeth in an apical direction.
But it believes that stress equalization
can be best achieved by either
displacing or depressing the ridge mucosa
during the impression making procedure
or by relining the denture base after it has
been constructed
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30.
The tissue surface is
recorded in
functional form and
not anatomic form.
Rpd constructed
from tissue
displacing
impression will be
above the plane of
occlusion when the
denture is not in
function.
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31.
To permit vertical movement from rest
position to functional position the
retentive clasps have to have minimum
retention and also their number has to
be less.
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32. 1.
2.
3.
Advantages.
Intermittent base
movement has a
physiologically
stimulating effect on the
underlying bone and soft
tissue.
Less need for relining
and Rebasing.
Simplicity of design and
construction because of
minimal retention
requirements.
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33. 4.
5.
Light weight prosthesis with minimal
maintenance and repair.
The looseness of the clasp on the
abutment tooth reduces the functional
forces transmitted to the tooth.
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34. Disadvantages.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Denture is not well stabilized against
lateral forces.
There will be always premature
contact when mouth is closed .
It may be uncomfortable sensation to
the patient.
It is difficult to produce effective
indirect retention.
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35. Broad stress distribution
Advocates of this school of thought
believe that excessive trauma to the
remaining teeth and residual ridge can
be prevented by distributing the forces
of occlusion over as many teeth and
as much of the available soft tissue
area as possible.
Achieved by means of additional
rests,indirect retainers,clasps and
broad coverage denture bases.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
36. advantages
1.
2.
3.
Teeth can be splinted .
Prosthesis are easier and less
expensive to construct.
No flexible or moving parts so less
danger of distorting the denture.
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37. 4.
5.
Indirect retainers and other rigid
components provides excellent
horizontal stabilization.
Less relining required.
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38. disadvantages
1.
2.
Greater bulk may cause prosthesis to
be less comfortable.
Increased amount of tooth coverage
can lead to dental caries
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39. Factors
influencing
magnitude
of stresses
transmitted
to
abutment
teeth
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Length of span.
Quality of
support of ridge.
Clasp.
1.
Qualities
2.
Design.
3.
Length
4.
Material.
Abutment tooth
surface
Occlusal
harmony.
Length of span
The longer the edentulous
span ,the longer will be the
denture base and the greater
will be the force transmitted to
the abutment teeth.
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40. Factors
influencin
g
magnitud
e of
stresses
transmitte
d to
abutment
teeth
1.
2.
3.
Length of
span.
Quality of
support of
ridge.
Clasp.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Qualities
Design.
Length
Material.
Quality of support of
ridge
Large well formed ridges are
capable of absorbing greater
amounts of stress than are
small,thin,or knife-edged ridges
broad ridges with parallel sides
permit the use of longer flanges
which help in stabilizing the
denture against the lateral forces.
Type of mucoperiosteum also
influences the magnitude of
stresses transmitted to abutment
teeth.
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41. •Flat ridge will provide good support,poor
stability
•Sharp spiny ridge
will provide poor
support,poor to fair
stability.
•Soft ,flabby
displaceable tissuepoor support, poor
stability- leads to
vertical and lateral
instability and
transmission of stress
to the adjacent
abutment tooth.
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42. Factors
influencing
magnitude
of stresses
transmitted
to abutment
teeth
1.
Length of
span.
2.
Quality of
support of
ridge.
3.
Clasp.
1.
2.
3.
4.
4.
5.
Qualities
Design.
Length
Material.
Abutment
tooth surface
Occlusal
harmony.
Qualities of clasp
More flexible the clasp
less stress is
transmitted to the
abutment tooth.
But at the same time it
contributes less
resistance to the lateral
and vertical stresses
transmitted to the
residual ridges.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
43. Factors
influencing
magnitude
of stresses
transmitted
to abutment
teeth
1.
Length of
span.
2.
Quality of
support of
ridge.
3.
Clasp.
1.
2.
3.
4.
4.
5.
Qualities
Design.
Length
Material.
Abutment
tooth surface
Occlusal
harmony.
Design of clasp
A clasp that is designed so
that it is passive when it is
completely seated on the
abutment tooth will exert less
stress on the tooth than one
that is not passive.
A clasp should be designed
so that during insertion or
removal of the prosthesis the
reciprocal arm contacts the
tooth before the retentive tip
passes over the greatest
bulge of the abutment tooth.
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44. Factors
influencing
magnitude
of stresses
transmitted
to abutment
teeth
1.
Length of
span.
2.
Quality of
support of
ridge.
3.
Clasp.
1.
2.
3.
4.
4.
5.
Qualities
Design.
Length
Material.
Abutment
tooth surface
Occlusal
harmony.
Length of clasp
More flexible the clasp
less stress it will exert
on the abutment tooth.
Flexibility can be
increases by
lengthening the clasp.
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45.
Clasp length may
be increases by
using a curved
rather than a
straight course on
an abutment tooth
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46. Factors
influencing
magnitude
of stresses
transmitted
to abutment
teeth
1.
Length of
span.
2.
Quality of
support of
ridge.
3.
Clasp.
1.
2.
3.
4.
4.
5.
Material used for clasp
fabrication
Crome alloy being
more rigid will exert
greater stress on the
abutment tooth.
Qualities
Design.
Length
Material.
Abutment
tooth surface
Occlusal
harmony.
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47.
Clasp arm of
chrome alloys are
constructed with a
smaller diameter
than a gold clasp
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48. Amount of clasp surface in
contact with tooth
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49. Factors
influencing
magnitude
of stresses
transmitted
to abutment
teeth
1.
Length of
span.
2.
Quality of
support of
ridge.
3.
Clasp.
1.
2.
3.
4.
4.
5.
Qualities
Design.
Length
Material.
Abutment
tooth surface
Occlusal
harmony.
Abutment tooth surface
Surface of gold crown or
restoration offers more
frictional resistance to clasp
arm movement than does
the enamel surface of the
tooth.
Greater stress is exerted on
a tooth restored with gold
than on a tooth with intact
enamel.
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50. Factors
influencing
magnitude
of stresses
transmitted
to abutment
teeth
1.
Length of
span.
2.
Quality of
support of
ridge.
3.
Clasp.
1.
2.
3.
4.
4.
5.
Qualities
Design.
Length
Material.
Abutment
tooth surface
Occlusal
harmony.
Occlusal harmony.
When deflective
occlusal contacts
are present
between opposing
teeth destructive
horizontal forces
which are magnified
by leverage are
transmitted to the
abutment and ridge.
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51.
Partial denture constructed opposing a
complete denture will be subjected to a
much less occlusal stress than one
opposed by natural dentition.
Force exerted by natural teeth –300
pounds per square inch.
Complete denture – 30 pounds per square
inch.
Occlusal load applied to the distal end
of denture base will result into more
stress transmitted to the abutment
teeth.
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52.
Ideally,the occlusal
load should be
applied in the
center of the
denture –bearing
area, both anteroposteriorly and
bucco-lingually
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53. 1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Design considerations for
stress control
Direct retention
•
Adhesion ,cohesion
•
Frictional
•
neuromuscular
Clasp position
Quadrilateral
Tripod
bilateral
Clasp design
•
Circumferential
clasp
•
Bar clasp.
•
Combination clasp
Splinting of abutments
Indirect retention
Occlusion
Denture base
Major connector
minor connector
Rests
At present there is no way
that all forces can be totally
negated or countered.
Long term clinical
observations have proved
that a design philosophy
that strives to control these
forces within the physiologic
tolerance of the teeth and
supporting structures can be
successful.
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54. Design
considerations
for stress
control
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Direct retention
•
Adhesion
,cohesion
•
Frictional
•
neuromusc
ular
Clasp position
Quadrilater
al
Tripod
bilateral
Clasp design
•
Circumfere
ntial clasp
•
Bar clasp.
•
Combinatio
n clasp
Splinting of
abutments
Indirect retention
Occlusion
Denture base
Major connector
minor connector
Rests
Direct retention
The retentive clasp arm is
responsible for transmitting most of
the destructive forces to the
abutment teeth.
Clasp retention should be kept at
the minimum yet provide adequate
retention to prevent dislodgement
of the denture.
Other components should be used
to contribute for the retention so
that amount of retention provided
by clasp can be reduces
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55. Adhesion and
Cohesion
Design
considerations
for stress
control
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Direct retention
•
Adhesion
,cohesion
•
Frictional
•
neuromusc
ular
Clasp position
Quadrilater
al
Tripod
bilateral
Clasp design
•
Circumfere
ntial clasp
•
Bar clasp.
•
Combinatio
n clasp
Splinting of
abutments
Indirect retention
Occlusion
Denture base
Major connector
minor connector
Rests
For adhesion and cohesion to work
Maximum area of available support
should be used.
Denture base should be accurately
adapted to the underlying mucosa.
Though peripheral seal cannot be
developed due to presence of
teeth .Atmospheric pressure helps in
retention of the maxillary partial
denture when metal casting is
accurate and margins of connector
are beaded.
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56. Design
considerations
for stress
control
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Direct retention
•
Adhesion
,cohesion
•
Frictional
•
neuromusc
ular
Clasp position
Quadrilater
al
Tripod
bilateral
Clasp design
•
Circumfere
ntial clasp
•
Bar clasp.
•
Combinatio
n clasp
Splinting of
abutments
Indirect retention
Occlusion
Denture base
Major connector
minor connector
Rests
Frictional control
The partial dentures should be
designed so that guide planes are
created on as many teeth as
possible.
These planes can be on enamel
surfaces of the teeth or in
restorations placed on the teeth.
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57.
The frictional
contact of the
prosthesis against
these parallel
surfaces can
contribute
significantly to the
retention of the
denture.
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58. Function of guide planes
1.
2.
3.
To provide for one path of placement
and removal of the restoration.
To ensure the intended actions of
reciprocal,stabilizing, and retentive
components.
To eliminate gross food traps between
abutment teeth and components of the
denture.
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59. Proximal guiding plane surfaces should be
about 2/3rd as wide as the distance between
the tips of adjacent buccal and lingual cusps
or
about 1/3rd of the buccal lingual width of the
tooth.
Vertically it should extend 2/3rd of the length of
the enamel crown portion of the tooth from
the marginal ridge cervically.
Care must be taken to avoid creating buccal or
lingual line www.indiandentalacademy.com
angles.
61. Design
considerations
for stress
control
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Direct retention
•
Adhesion
,cohesion
•
Frictional
•
neuromusc
ular
Clasp position
Quadrilater
al
Tripod
bilateral
Clasp design
•
Circumfere
ntial clasp
•
Bar clasp.
•
Combinatio
n clasp
Splinting of
abutments
Indirect retention
Occlusion
Denture base
Major connector
minor connector
Rests
Neuromuscular control
The innate ability of the
patient to control the action of
the lips, cheeks, tongue can
be a major factor in the
retention of a denture.
A properly contoured denture
base, however, can aid the
patient’s neuromuscular
control of the prosthesis.
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64.
A retentive clasp is
positioned on each
abutment tooth
adjacent to the
edentulous
spaces.
In this design
leverage is
effectively
neutralized.
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65.
When no modification space exists the
goal should be to place one clasp as far
posterior on the Dentulous side as
possible and one as far anterior as
space and esthetics permit.
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67.
If there is no modification space present .
One clasp on the Dentulous side of the arch
should be positioned as far posterior, and
the other, as far anterior as factors such as
interocclusal space, retentive undercut, and
esthetics considerations will permit.
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68. Design
considerations
for stress
control
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Direct retention
•
Adhesion
,cohesion
•
Frictional
•
neuromusc
ular
Clasp position
Quadrilater
al
Tripod
bilateral
Clasp design
•
Circumfere
ntial clasp
•
Bar clasp.
•
Combinatio
n clasp
Splinting of
abutments
Indirect retention
Occlusion
Denture base
Major connector
minor connector
Bilateral configuration
Used in class 1 cases.
In this configuration the clasps
exert little neutralizing effect on
the leverage induced stresses
generated be the denture base.
These stresses must be
controlled by other means.
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69. The terminal
abutment
tooth on the
each side of
the arch must
be clasped
regardless of
where it is
positioned.
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71. 1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Design
considerations
for stress
control
Direct retention
•
Adhesion ,
cohesion
•
Frictional
•
neuromusc
ular
Clasp position
Quadrilater
al
Tripod
bilateral
Clasp design
•
Circumfere
ntial clasp
•
Bar clasp.
•
Combinati
on clasp
Splinting of
abutments
Indirect
retention
Occlusion
Denture base
Major
connector
minor
Circumferential clasp
Conventional circumferential
clasp originating from distal
rest and engaging
mesiobuccal retentive
undercut should be avoided
at all cost in distal extension
removable partial denture.
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72.
As denture
base moves
towards the
tissue the
clasp puts
distal tipping
force on the
abutment
tooth.
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73.
Alternatives
Reverse circlet clap
Approaches a distobuccal
undercut from the mesial
surfaces of a terminal
abutment tooth.
As occlusal load is
applied, retentive terminal
moves gingivally and loses
contact with the tooth
surface and no stresses
are transmitted.
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74. Disadvantage
It may produce wedging force between 2
teeth's- can be countered by making rest
on the approximating surface too.
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75. Design
considerations
for stress
control
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Direct retention
•
Adhesion
,cohesion
•
Frictional
•
neuromusc
ular
Clasp position
Quadrilater
al
Tripod
bilateral
Clasp design
•
Circumfere
ntial clasp
•
Bar clasp.
•
Combinatio
n clasp
Splinting of
abutments
Indirect retention
Occlusion
Denture base
Major connector
minor connector
Rests
Vertical projection or Bar
clasp.
It is used in distal extension partial
denture when retentive undercut is
located on the distobuccal surface.
Never when tooth has a
mesiobuccal undercut.
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76.
Functions similar to the reverse
circumferential clasp with the
advantage of not producing any
wedging forces .
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77.
One school of thought advocated
omitting of the distal rest in favour of a
mesial rest for the following reasons.
As the fulcrum line is still distal to the clasp
terminal when distal rest is used .
With use of mesial rest the lever arm is
increases and forces are directed to the
ridge in more vertical direction which are
better tolerated by the ridge.
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78. Disadvantage
a space is created
between
framework and
tooth surface
leading to food
trapment
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79. What is the consensus?
Least unfavorable torque is when…..
…T clasp with distal -occlusal rest
and a rigid circumferential
reciprocating clasp.
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80. Design
considerations
for stress
control
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Direct retention
•
Adhesion
,cohesion
•
Frictional
•
neuromusc
ular
Clasp position
Quadrilater
al
Tripod
bilateral
Clasp design
•
Circumfere
ntial clasp
•
Bar clasp.
•
Combinatio
n clasp
Splinting of
abutments
Indirect retention
Occlusion
Denture base
Major connector
minor connector
Rests
Combination clasp
It is used when mesiobuccal undercut
exists on an abutment tooth adjacent to a
distal extension edentulous ridge.
Only the retentive arm is wrought metal.
Reciprocation and stabilization against
lateral movement must be obtained
through the use of the rigid cast elements
that make up the remainder of the clasp.
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81.
Wrought wire can flex in any spatial
plane and can absorb torosional stress
in both the vertical ad horizontal planes.
A cast clasp flexes in the horizontal
plane only.
A short wrought wire arm can be
destructive element because of its
reduced ability to flex compared with a
longer wrought –wire arm.
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84. Indications by crowns.
1.
2.
3.
Loss of periodontal
attachment by disease
or therapy.
Abutment has tapered
or short roots
Second premolar as
abutment with
edentulous space
anterior to it- splinted
with canine by FPD.
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85.
Splinting by crowns
stabilizes the teeth in
mesiodistal direction.
Splint should include
canine to achieve the
stabilization in
buccolingual direction
as well.
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87. Splinting by clasps
Should not be done if fixed
splinting is possible.
More tan one teeth are
clasped on each side of the
arch ,using a number of
rests for additional support
and stabilization of the
teeth and prosthesis.
Most of the clasp arm will
not be retentive.
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88. Design
considerations
for stress
control
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Direct retention
•
Adhesion
,cohesion
•
Frictional
•
neuromusc
ular
Clasp position
Quadrilater
al
Tripod
bilateral
Clasp design
•
Circumfere
ntial clasp
•
Bar clasp.
•
Combinatio
n clasp
Splinting of
abutments
Indirect retention
Occlusion
Denture base
Major connector
minor connector
Rests
Indirect retention
Indirect retainer.
The component of removable partial
denture that assists the direct retainer in
preventing displacement of the distal
extension denture base by functioning
through lever action on the opposite side of
the fulcrum line when the denture base
moves away from the tissues in pure
rotation around the fulcrum line. (GPT-7)
Indirect retainer also contributes to a
lesser degree, to the support and
stability of the denture.
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90. Class 1.
It must always
be used and
positioned as
far anteriorly
as possible.
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91. Class 2
its use is not as critical as in
class 1.
If no modification space
exists .
An abutment tooth with
suitable contours for clasping
should be selected as far
anterior on the toothsupported side as possible.
This rest and clasp
assembly, may serve as the
indirect retainer if it is located
far enough anterior to the
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fulcrum line.
92.
If modification space
exists.
The most anterior
abutment on the tooth
supported side, with its
rest and clasp
assembly, may be
located far enough
anterior to the fulcrum
line to serve as the
indirect retainer.
A definite rest seat
positioned even farther
anterior,if possible,may
increase the
effectiveness of the
indirect retention. ww.indiandentalacademy.com
w
93. Class 3
Indirect retention is not
ordinarily used.
Auxillary rests must for
lingual plate major
connector.
Auxillary rests may be
needed to provide
additional vertical support
for a long lingual bar
major connector or an
extensive palatal major
connector.
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94.
If the contours of the
posterior abutment
teeth in class 2 or 3
partial denture are not
suitable for retention
In such case non
retentive stabilizing
clasp are designed for
posterior teeth and
anterior indirect
retention is a must.
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97. Design considerations
The initial occlusal contact should always
be in the remaining natural teeth.
Mandible should not be guided into
protrusive or lateral movements by the
metal or artificial teeth.
Reduced buccolingual width of replaced
teeth reduces the stress transmitted.
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98.
if number of teeth replaced is reduced
stress transmitted will be less
Sharp cutting surfaces and sluiceways
can help relive some unnecessary force
during mastication.
Steep cuspal inclines on the artificial
teeth should be avoided because they
tend to introduce horizontal forces .
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99. Design
considerations
for stress
control
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Direct retention
•
Adhesion
,cohesion
•
Frictional
•
neuromusc
ular
Clasp position
Quadrilater
al
Tripod
bilateral
Clasp design
•
Circumfere
ntial clasp
•
Bar clasp.
•
Combinatio
n clasp
Splinting of
abutments
Indirect retention
Occlusion
Denture base
Major connector
minor connector
Denture base
….to reduce the stress to
the abutment teeth?
denture base should cover
maximum area of the
supporting tissue as possible.
Denture base flanges should
be as long as possible-to help
stabilize against horizontal
movements.
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100. Design considerations….
Distal extension denture base should cover the
retro molar area and tuberosity of maxilla as these
structures better absorb stress.
Overextension should be avoided as interference
with functional movements of surrounding tissues
will transmit stresses to the remaining teeth.
Accurate adaptation of denture base leads to less
tendency for movement during function.
Contour of the polished surfaces also helps in
reducing the stress transmitted.
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102. Design considerations
Mandibular arch.
Lingual plate major connector can aid in
distribution of functional stress and so is
advised if anterior teeth are periodontally
weakened.
Also indicted in class 1 arches when the need
for additional resistance to horizontal rotation
of the denture is required because of
excessively resorbed residual ridges.
Another indication is in shallow floor of mouth.
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103.
Added rigidity provided by lingual plate
also helps in distributing stress created
on one side of the arch to the other side
(CROSS ARCH STABILIZATION).
A lingual bar should be tapered
superiorly with a half pear shape in
cross section and should be relived
sufficiently.
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104. Maxillary arch.
Broad palatal major connector that connects
several of the remaining natural teeth
through lingual plating can distribute stress
over a large area.
Major connector covering hard palate
contributes to support, stability, and retention
of the prosthesis.and reduces the stress that
is transmitted to the abutment teeth.
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105. Design
considerations
for stress
control
1.
1.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Direct retention
•
Adhesion
,cohesion
•
Frictional
•
neuromuscula
r
Clasp position
Quadrilateral
Tripod
bilateral
Clasp design
•
Circumferenti
al clasp
•
Bar clasp.
•
Combination
clasp
Splinting of
abutments
Indirect retention
Occlusion
Denture base
Major connector
Minor
connector
Rests
Minor connector
The intimate tooth to partial
denture contact is brought by
minor connector
It serves too purposes .
Provides horizontal stability to
the partial denture against lateral
forces on the prosthesis.
Through this contact, the tooth
receives stabilization against
lateral stresses.
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106.
If more guiding planes are incorporated in
design the force transmitted to each teeth can
be minimized.
When crown restorations are used, a lingual
reciprocal clasp arm may be inset into the
tooth contour by providing a ledge on the
crown on which the clasp arm may rest.
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107. design modification of minor
connector.
Places the minor
connector in the center of
the lingual surface of the
abutment tooth.
Advantage:
it reduces the amount of
gingival tissue coverage.
Provides enhanced bracing
and guidance during
placement.
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110. Design considerations
Floor of rest seat preparation must be less
than 90 degrees with long axis of tooth as
this design grasps the tooth to prevent its
migration.
When an angle is more than 90 degrees
inclined plane effect is set up and stress on
abutment is magnified.
in class 1 and 2
Preparation should be saucer shaped without any
sharp angles and ledges.
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111.
Rest should be free to move within the
rest seat to release the stresses which
would otherwise transmit to the tooth.
More the no of teeth that bear rest
seats, the less will be the stress places
on each individual tooth.
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112. Essentials of partial denture
design.
It should be systemically developed
and outlined on an accurate diagnostic
casts.
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113. First step
Decide how the partial denture has to
be supported.
If Tooth supported.
Evaluate
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Periodontal health
Crown and root morphologies
Crown to root ratio.
Bone index area.
Location of tooth in arch.
Length of edentulous span.
Opposing dentition.
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114.
If tooth and tissue supported.
Also Consider
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Quality and contour of supporting bone
and mucosa
Extend to planned coverage of ridge.
Type and accuracy of impression
registration.
Accuracy of denture base.
Design characteristics of the component
parts of framework.
Anticipated occlusal load.
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115.
Denture base areas adjacent to
abutment teeth are primarily tooth
supported.
As we proceed away from abutment
teeth, they become more tissue
supported.
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116. Second step
Connect the tooth and tissue support
units.
These connection is facilitated by
designing and locating major and minor
connectors in compliance with the basic
principles and concepts.
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117. Third step.
Determine how the partial denture is to be
retained.
Selecta clasp design that will
1.
2.
3.
4.
Avoid direct transmission of tipping for torquing
forces to the abutment
Accommodate the basic principles of clasp
design by definitive location of components parts
correctly positioned on abutment tooth surfaces.
Provide retention against reasonable dislodging
forces.
Be compatible with undercut locations,tissue
contour,and esthetic desires of the patient.
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119. Fifth step.
Outline and join the edentulous area
tote already established design
components.
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120. To be continued ……
Designing of major connectors .
Designing of minor connectors
Miscellaneous factors in designing.
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