Recently there is growing interest in a new technology, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), it
has been applied successfully to the conception of planar compact components for the
microwave and millimeter waves applications. In this study, a V-band substrate integrated
waveguide power divider, circulator and coupler are conceived and optimized by Ansoft HFSS
code. Thus, through this modeling, design considerations and results are discussed and
presented. Attractive features including compact size and planar form make these devices
structure easily integrated in planar circuits.
Recently there is growing interest in a new technol
ogy, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), it
has been applied successfully to the conception of
planar compact components for the
microwave and millimeter waves applications. In thi
s study, a V-band substrate integrated
waveguide power divider, circulator and coupler are
conceived and optimized by Ansoft HFSS
code. Thus, through this modeling, design considera
tions and results are discussed and
presented. Attractive features including compact si
ze and planar form make these devices
structure easily integrated in planar circuits.
COUPLER, POWER DIVIDER AND CIRCULATOR IN V-BAND SUBSTRATE INTEGRATED WAVEGUID...ijcsa
In recent years substrate integrated waveguide technology (SIW) has been applied successfully to the conception of planar compact components for the microwave and millimeter waves applications. In this study, a V-band substrate integrated waveguide coupler, power divider and circulator are conceived and optimized by Ansoft HFSS code. Thus, through this modeling, design considerations and results are discussed and presented. Attractive features including compact size and planar form make these devices structure easily integrated in planar circuits
Analysis of s band substrate integrated waveguide power divider, circulator a...IJCSEA Journal
The Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology is a very promising technique with which we can
take the advantages of both waveguides and planar transmission lines. Therefore, in [2.1-3] GHz band
various microwave components and devices have been designed successfully using Ansoft HFSS software.
We then proceeded to the realization of the coupler and then made measurements of the frequency
response in the range [2.1-3] GHz using a network analyzer. Thus, results of this modeling are presented,
discussed and allow to integrate these devices in planar circuits.
This paper presents a new type of wideband waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed patch antenna for millimeter wave (mmW). The antenna proposed applies to applications of 31-36 GHz Ka-band such as satellites communications. The SIW is intended with settings for particular slots. The antenna is constructed on Rogers RT5880 (lossy) with 2.2 dielectric constant, l.27 mm thickness, and 0.0009 loss tangent. It is simulated in the programming of computer simulation technology (CST) Microwave Studio. The simulated results show that the SIW antenna resonates across 31 to 36 GHz bands, which means that this new antenna covers all applications within this range. The reflection coefficients in targeting range are below 10 dB. The antenna achieves good efficiency and gain with 80% and 8.87 dBi respectively.
Substrate integrated waveguide power divider, circulator and coupler in [10 1...ijistjournal
The Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology is an attractive approach for the design of high
performance microwave and millimeter wave components, as it combines the advantages of planar
technology, such as low fabrication costs, with the low loss inherent to the waveguide solution. In this
study, a substrate integrated waveguide power divider, circulator and coupler are conceived and optimized
in [10-15] GHz band by Ansoft HFSS code. Thus, results of this modeling are presented, discussed and
allow to integrate these devices in planar circuits.
Design and development of aperture coupled rectangular microstrip antenna for...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper presents the experimental investigations carried out for obtaining wide band operation of rectangular microstrip antenna by using aperture coupled feeding technique. By incorporating U-slots with stubs on the radiating element, antenna resonates for single wideband with an impedance bandwidth of 45.61%. The antenna has two resonant peaks f1 and f2 which occurs at 12.1 GHz and 14.38 GHz with minimum return loss of −32.46 dB and −46.12 dB respectively. The lower resonant frequency f1 is closer to the fundamental resonance of the rectangular patch. The second resonant frequency f2 is due to current along the edges of U-slots and stubs of aperture coupled U-slot and stub rectangular microstrip antenna (AUSRMSA). This technique also enhances the gain to 9.96 dB which is 1.89 times more than the gain of conventional rectangular microstrip antenna (CRMA). The enhancement of impedance bandwidth and gain does not affect the nature of broadside radiation characteristics. The design concepts of antennas are presented and experimental results are discussed. Keywords: Microstrip, wide band, Aperture coupled, Slots.
Recently there is growing interest in a new technol
ogy, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), it
has been applied successfully to the conception of
planar compact components for the
microwave and millimeter waves applications. In thi
s study, a V-band substrate integrated
waveguide power divider, circulator and coupler are
conceived and optimized by Ansoft HFSS
code. Thus, through this modeling, design considera
tions and results are discussed and
presented. Attractive features including compact si
ze and planar form make these devices
structure easily integrated in planar circuits.
COUPLER, POWER DIVIDER AND CIRCULATOR IN V-BAND SUBSTRATE INTEGRATED WAVEGUID...ijcsa
In recent years substrate integrated waveguide technology (SIW) has been applied successfully to the conception of planar compact components for the microwave and millimeter waves applications. In this study, a V-band substrate integrated waveguide coupler, power divider and circulator are conceived and optimized by Ansoft HFSS code. Thus, through this modeling, design considerations and results are discussed and presented. Attractive features including compact size and planar form make these devices structure easily integrated in planar circuits
Analysis of s band substrate integrated waveguide power divider, circulator a...IJCSEA Journal
The Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology is a very promising technique with which we can
take the advantages of both waveguides and planar transmission lines. Therefore, in [2.1-3] GHz band
various microwave components and devices have been designed successfully using Ansoft HFSS software.
We then proceeded to the realization of the coupler and then made measurements of the frequency
response in the range [2.1-3] GHz using a network analyzer. Thus, results of this modeling are presented,
discussed and allow to integrate these devices in planar circuits.
This paper presents a new type of wideband waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed patch antenna for millimeter wave (mmW). The antenna proposed applies to applications of 31-36 GHz Ka-band such as satellites communications. The SIW is intended with settings for particular slots. The antenna is constructed on Rogers RT5880 (lossy) with 2.2 dielectric constant, l.27 mm thickness, and 0.0009 loss tangent. It is simulated in the programming of computer simulation technology (CST) Microwave Studio. The simulated results show that the SIW antenna resonates across 31 to 36 GHz bands, which means that this new antenna covers all applications within this range. The reflection coefficients in targeting range are below 10 dB. The antenna achieves good efficiency and gain with 80% and 8.87 dBi respectively.
Substrate integrated waveguide power divider, circulator and coupler in [10 1...ijistjournal
The Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology is an attractive approach for the design of high
performance microwave and millimeter wave components, as it combines the advantages of planar
technology, such as low fabrication costs, with the low loss inherent to the waveguide solution. In this
study, a substrate integrated waveguide power divider, circulator and coupler are conceived and optimized
in [10-15] GHz band by Ansoft HFSS code. Thus, results of this modeling are presented, discussed and
allow to integrate these devices in planar circuits.
Design and development of aperture coupled rectangular microstrip antenna for...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper presents the experimental investigations carried out for obtaining wide band operation of rectangular microstrip antenna by using aperture coupled feeding technique. By incorporating U-slots with stubs on the radiating element, antenna resonates for single wideband with an impedance bandwidth of 45.61%. The antenna has two resonant peaks f1 and f2 which occurs at 12.1 GHz and 14.38 GHz with minimum return loss of −32.46 dB and −46.12 dB respectively. The lower resonant frequency f1 is closer to the fundamental resonance of the rectangular patch. The second resonant frequency f2 is due to current along the edges of U-slots and stubs of aperture coupled U-slot and stub rectangular microstrip antenna (AUSRMSA). This technique also enhances the gain to 9.96 dB which is 1.89 times more than the gain of conventional rectangular microstrip antenna (CRMA). The enhancement of impedance bandwidth and gain does not affect the nature of broadside radiation characteristics. The design concepts of antennas are presented and experimental results are discussed. Keywords: Microstrip, wide band, Aperture coupled, Slots.
26 GHz phase shifters for multi-beam nolen matrix towards fifth generation (5...journalBEEI
This paper presents the designs of phase shifters for multi-beam Nolen matrix towards the fifth generation (5G) technology at 26 GHz. The low-cost, lightweight and compact size 0° and 45° loaded stubs and chamfered 90°, 135° and 180° Schiffman phase shifters are proposed at 26 GHz. An edge at a corner of the 50 Ω microstrip line Schiffman phase shifter is chamfered to reduce the excess capacitance and unwanted reflection. However, the Schiffman phase shifter topology is not relevant to be applied for the phase shifter less than 45° as it needs very small arc bending at 26 GHz. The stubs are loaded to the phase shifter in order to obtain electrical lengths, which are less than 45°. The proposed phase shifters provide return loss better than 10 dB, insertion loss of -0.97 dB and phase difference imbalance of ± 4.04° between 25.75GHz and 26.25 GHz. The Rogers RT/duroid 5880 substrate with dielectric constant of 2.2 and substrate thickness of 0.254 mm is implemented in the designs.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
A design of triple band slot loaded circular microstrip antenna for c- and x-...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
A Leaky Wave Antenna Design Based on Half-mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide...IJECEIAES
A new type of leaky-wave antenna (LWA) using half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) as the base structure is proposed in this paper. The structure consists of an array of slot, antenna designed to operate in X band applications from 8 to 12 GHz. HMSIW preserves nearly all the advantages of SIW whereas its size is nearly reduced by half. The antenna radiates one main beam that can be steered from the backward to the forward direction by changing frequency.
Equivalent circuit modeling of slotted microstrip patch antennaeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Design of Ku-band power divider using Substrate Integrated Waveguide techniquejournalBEEI
A Ku-band Substrate Integrated Waveguide power divider is proposed. In this work, the SIW power divider is designed with T-junction configuration. The SIW technique enables the power divider to have low insertion loss, low cost and features uniplanar circuit. An additional of metallic via hole is added in the center of the junction to improve the return loss performance of the Tjunction SIW power divider. The simulated input return losses at port 1 are better than 27 dB, and features equal power division of about -3.1 dB ±0.4 dB at both output ports across frequency range of 13.5-18 GHz. The SIW power divider is fabricated, and the measurement results show acceptable performances. Since there are some losses contributed by the SMA connector of the fabricated SIW power divider prototype, an additional SIW transmission line is simulated and fabricated to analyze the connector loss.
Co axial fed microstrip rectangular patch antenna design for bluetooth applic...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Abstract: - A design procedure for Microstrip rectangular patch antenna for Bluetooth application is presented. In Bluetooth open
wireless technology important constraints are size and installation of the antenna. In this paper the proposed antenna is designed
using transmission line model and can create resonance at 2.45 GHz with in Bluetooth frequency range 2400-2485 MHz. Coaxial
feed technique is used to excite the patch even though microstrip inset feed technique is present because of low radiation and
ease of installation. Placement of co axial feed for this patch is taken almost one third of length from virtual ground line i.e., at
the center line of the patch which is along the width lines and can creates resonance at 2.45 GHz with minimum reflection
coefficient (s11) at this feed position. Fabrication is done using photolithographic technique and is tested with Agilent Network
Analyzer to measure VSWR and S11 parameters. S-parameters are used to measure the antenna performance and shown that S11
value is low at resonant frequency. Variation of input impedance as function of frequency is also presented using Smith Chart .
Radiation patterns are drawn both in E-plane, H-plane in anechoic chamber and parameters like gain, beam width (both E and H
planes) are measured. Designed antenna is simulated on FR4 substrate with loss tangent tanδ=0.02 using Agilent Advance
Design System (ADS) software. Simulation and measurement results are compared and discussed.
Index Terms: Transmission line model, Blue tooth communications, S-parameters, VSWR, Anechoic chamber.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Control Radiation Pattern for Half Width Microstrip Leaky Wave Antenna by Usi...IJECEIAES
In this paper, a novel design for single-layer half width microstrip leakywave antenna (HW-MLWA) is demonstrated. This model can be digitally control its radiation pattern at operation frequency and uses only two values of the bias voltage, with better impedance matching and insignificant gain variation. The scanning and controlling the radiation pattern of leaky-wave antennas (LWA) in steps at an operation frequency, by using switches PIN diodes, is investigated and a novel HW-MLWA is introduced. A control cell reconfigurable, that can be switched between two states, is the basic element of the antenna. The periodic LWA is molded by identical control cells where as a control radiation pattern is developed by combining numerous reconfigurable control cells. A gap capacitor is independently connected or disconnected in every unit cell by using a PIN diode switch to achieve fixedfrequency control radiation pattern scanning. The profile reactance at the free edge of (HWMLWA) and thus the main lobe direction is altered by changing the states of the control cell. The antenna presented in this paper, can scan main beam between 18o to 44o at fixed frequency of 4.2 GHz with measured peak gain of 12.29 dBi.
The estimated contribution of urban area to India’s GDP is approximately 70-75%. Despite the enormous economic contribution, the current state of urban infrastructure is in poor condition. It is estimated that by 2030, an additional $1.2 trillion would be required to provide basic urban services. In this presentation, an attempt has been made to find out the ways to mobilize such a goliath financial requirement. The target audience of this presentation are inter alia urban development and finance professionals, city managers and general public.
26 GHz phase shifters for multi-beam nolen matrix towards fifth generation (5...journalBEEI
This paper presents the designs of phase shifters for multi-beam Nolen matrix towards the fifth generation (5G) technology at 26 GHz. The low-cost, lightweight and compact size 0° and 45° loaded stubs and chamfered 90°, 135° and 180° Schiffman phase shifters are proposed at 26 GHz. An edge at a corner of the 50 Ω microstrip line Schiffman phase shifter is chamfered to reduce the excess capacitance and unwanted reflection. However, the Schiffman phase shifter topology is not relevant to be applied for the phase shifter less than 45° as it needs very small arc bending at 26 GHz. The stubs are loaded to the phase shifter in order to obtain electrical lengths, which are less than 45°. The proposed phase shifters provide return loss better than 10 dB, insertion loss of -0.97 dB and phase difference imbalance of ± 4.04° between 25.75GHz and 26.25 GHz. The Rogers RT/duroid 5880 substrate with dielectric constant of 2.2 and substrate thickness of 0.254 mm is implemented in the designs.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
A design of triple band slot loaded circular microstrip antenna for c- and x-...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
A Leaky Wave Antenna Design Based on Half-mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide...IJECEIAES
A new type of leaky-wave antenna (LWA) using half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) as the base structure is proposed in this paper. The structure consists of an array of slot, antenna designed to operate in X band applications from 8 to 12 GHz. HMSIW preserves nearly all the advantages of SIW whereas its size is nearly reduced by half. The antenna radiates one main beam that can be steered from the backward to the forward direction by changing frequency.
Equivalent circuit modeling of slotted microstrip patch antennaeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Design of Ku-band power divider using Substrate Integrated Waveguide techniquejournalBEEI
A Ku-band Substrate Integrated Waveguide power divider is proposed. In this work, the SIW power divider is designed with T-junction configuration. The SIW technique enables the power divider to have low insertion loss, low cost and features uniplanar circuit. An additional of metallic via hole is added in the center of the junction to improve the return loss performance of the Tjunction SIW power divider. The simulated input return losses at port 1 are better than 27 dB, and features equal power division of about -3.1 dB ±0.4 dB at both output ports across frequency range of 13.5-18 GHz. The SIW power divider is fabricated, and the measurement results show acceptable performances. Since there are some losses contributed by the SMA connector of the fabricated SIW power divider prototype, an additional SIW transmission line is simulated and fabricated to analyze the connector loss.
Co axial fed microstrip rectangular patch antenna design for bluetooth applic...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Abstract: - A design procedure for Microstrip rectangular patch antenna for Bluetooth application is presented. In Bluetooth open
wireless technology important constraints are size and installation of the antenna. In this paper the proposed antenna is designed
using transmission line model and can create resonance at 2.45 GHz with in Bluetooth frequency range 2400-2485 MHz. Coaxial
feed technique is used to excite the patch even though microstrip inset feed technique is present because of low radiation and
ease of installation. Placement of co axial feed for this patch is taken almost one third of length from virtual ground line i.e., at
the center line of the patch which is along the width lines and can creates resonance at 2.45 GHz with minimum reflection
coefficient (s11) at this feed position. Fabrication is done using photolithographic technique and is tested with Agilent Network
Analyzer to measure VSWR and S11 parameters. S-parameters are used to measure the antenna performance and shown that S11
value is low at resonant frequency. Variation of input impedance as function of frequency is also presented using Smith Chart .
Radiation patterns are drawn both in E-plane, H-plane in anechoic chamber and parameters like gain, beam width (both E and H
planes) are measured. Designed antenna is simulated on FR4 substrate with loss tangent tanδ=0.02 using Agilent Advance
Design System (ADS) software. Simulation and measurement results are compared and discussed.
Index Terms: Transmission line model, Blue tooth communications, S-parameters, VSWR, Anechoic chamber.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Control Radiation Pattern for Half Width Microstrip Leaky Wave Antenna by Usi...IJECEIAES
In this paper, a novel design for single-layer half width microstrip leakywave antenna (HW-MLWA) is demonstrated. This model can be digitally control its radiation pattern at operation frequency and uses only two values of the bias voltage, with better impedance matching and insignificant gain variation. The scanning and controlling the radiation pattern of leaky-wave antennas (LWA) in steps at an operation frequency, by using switches PIN diodes, is investigated and a novel HW-MLWA is introduced. A control cell reconfigurable, that can be switched between two states, is the basic element of the antenna. The periodic LWA is molded by identical control cells where as a control radiation pattern is developed by combining numerous reconfigurable control cells. A gap capacitor is independently connected or disconnected in every unit cell by using a PIN diode switch to achieve fixedfrequency control radiation pattern scanning. The profile reactance at the free edge of (HWMLWA) and thus the main lobe direction is altered by changing the states of the control cell. The antenna presented in this paper, can scan main beam between 18o to 44o at fixed frequency of 4.2 GHz with measured peak gain of 12.29 dBi.
The estimated contribution of urban area to India’s GDP is approximately 70-75%. Despite the enormous economic contribution, the current state of urban infrastructure is in poor condition. It is estimated that by 2030, an additional $1.2 trillion would be required to provide basic urban services. In this presentation, an attempt has been made to find out the ways to mobilize such a goliath financial requirement. The target audience of this presentation are inter alia urban development and finance professionals, city managers and general public.
DESIGN OF V-BAND SUBSTRATE INTEGRATED WAVEGUIDE POWER DIVIDER, CIRCULATOR AND...cscpconf
Recently there is growing interest in a new technology, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), it has been applied successfully to the conception of planar compact components for the microwave and millimeter waves applications. In this tudy, a V-band substrate integrated waveguide power divider, circulator and coupler are conceived and optimized by Ansoft FSS code. Thus, through this modeling, design considerationsand results are discussed and presented. Attractive features including compact size and planar form make these devices structure easily integrated in planar circuits.
ANALYSIS OF S-BAND SUBSTRATE INTEGRATED WAVEGUIDE POWER DIVIDER, CIRCULATOR A...IJCSEA Journal
The Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology is a very promising technique with which we can
take the advantages of both waveguides and planar transmission lines. Therefore, in [2.1-3] GHz band
various microwave components and devices have been designed successfully using Ansoft HFSS software.
We then proceeded to the realization of the coupler and then made measurements of the frequency
response in the range [2.1-3] GHz using a network analyzer. Thus, results of this modeling are presented,
discussed and allow to integrate these devices in planar circuits.
SUBSTRATE INTEGRATED WAVEGUIDE POWER DIVIDER, CIRCULATOR AND COUPLER IN [10-1...ijistjournal
The Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology is an attractive approach for the design of high performance microwave and millimeter wave components, as it combines the advantages of planar technology, such as low fabrication costs, with the low loss inherent to the waveguide solution. In this study, a substrate integrated waveguide power divider, circulator and coupler are conceived and optimized in [10-15] GHz band by Ansoft HFSS code. Thus, results of this modeling are presented, discussed and allow to integrate these devices in planar circuits.
Two-section branch-line hybrid couplers based broadband transmit/receive switchIJECEIAES
This article introduces a broadband microstripline-based transmit/receive switch for 7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging. The designed switch aims to handle a signal of multiple frequencies to/from a multi-tuned radio-frequency coil that resonates at frequencies corresponding to the speed of precession of a wide range of atomic X-nuclei, at the same time and without tuning. These include 1H, 23Na, 13C, 31P, 19F, and 7Li used in magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a measure to the existence of many diseases. The fundamental and third harmonic center frequencies of the switch are adjusted to resonate at two broadbands covering a wide range of atomic X-nuclei. Two section branch-line hybrid couplers with phase inverters are designed to build the broadband switch. The designed switch used the minimum trace widths of transmission lines that reveal a compact size without increasing the heat and then the loss beyond specific values. The couplers and the switch S-parameters exhibited good return loss (<-10 dB), high isolation (<-40 dB), less insertion loss (<1 dB) and two clear wide bands covering many atomic X-nuclei used in diagnosis, at the same time and without the need for any tuning circuit during operation.
Design and manufacturing of iris waveguide filters for satellite communicationTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
We propose in this paper, two bandpass filters in waveguide technology having rectangular symmetrical discontinuities with a half-radius r, designed and operating respectively in the X-Band (9-11.5) GHz and C-Band (3.5-5.5) GHz. These filters consists of eight irises placed symmetrically respectively on standard rectangular waveguides WR90 and WR229 in which resonant irises are inserted. These irises are used to couple the sections very strongly in this filter, which allows the bandwidth to be increased and the matching to be controlled. The comparison between the numerical and electromagnetic results, which we obtained for the filters, constitutes a means of validation of computer simulation technology (CST) environment and Mician for the design of the other circuit elements in the various frequency bands. We observed excellent consistency between the simulation curves and those of the measurements. The results obtained are promising and pave the way for the use of these structures in the fields of telecommunications.
A Novel Configuration of a Microstrip Microwave Wideband Power Amplifier for ...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
RF/microwave power amplifier (PA) is one of the components that has a large effect on the
overall performance of communication system especially in transmitter system and their design is decided
by the parameters of transistor selected. This letter presents a new concept of a wide-band microwave
amplifier using scattering parameters that is often used in the radio frequency communication systemas an
application of the active integrated antenna[1- 2]. This power amplifier operates from 1.75 GHz to 2.15GHz
frequency and it is based on AT-41410 NPN transistor that has a high transition frequency of 10GHz. The
proposed Single Stage PA is designed by microstrip technology and simulated with Advanced Design
System (ADS) software. The simulation results indicate good performances; the small power gain (S21) is
changed between 11.8 and 10dB. For the input reflection coefficient (S11) is varied between -11 and -
22.5dB. Regarding the output reflection coefficient (S22) is varied between -13.1 and -18.7dB over the
wide frequency band of 1.75-2.15GHz and stability without oscillating over a wide range of frequencies.
The Approach on Influence of Biasing Circuit in Wideband Low Noise Amplifier ...IJEACS
This proposed work investigates the effects of biasing
circuit in the ultra-wideband microwave low noise amplifier
which operates between 3GHz to 10GHz. The complete circuit is
visualized the importance of every component in the design with
respect to linear measurements like Gain, Noise Figure, Return
loss under unconditionally stable condition. The design and
realization are made by using Hybrid Microwave integrated
circuit in AWR microwave office. The thing that is absolutely
necessary and frequently the difficult step in the design of an
LNA is 'biasing circuit design'. The difficulty situation arises
because traditional methods LNA by using S-parameters data
files in EDA tools provides almost all linear measurements.
Hence a number of time consuming iterations of different biasing
circuits with optimization methods may be required to reach
targeted specifications with the fixed operating point at the
desired points in the load line. Considering this behavior, various
alternate biasing circuit schemes are prepared and founded the
results associated with it. Furthermore, this paper unmistakably
clarifies the impacts of the biasing circuit by utilizing
intermodulation and harmonics distortion technique for
portrayal characterization. Different cases and sorts of the
biasing circuits with various biasing focuses have been tested and given clear perspective of the biasing ideas.
Design and Fabrication of the Novel Miniaturized Microstrip Coupler 3dB Using...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this work, a novel miniaturized compact coupler using the shunt-stubs artificial transimission
lines with high and low impedances is presented. Design of the proposed coupler is accomplished by
modifying the length and impedance of the branch lines in the conventional structure with the planar
resonators in order to achieve branch line coupler with compact size and improvement of the
performances. First part of this work is focusing on the theorical study of the proposed resonators where
the equations are obtained. Secondly, the proposed coupler is designed on FR4 susbtrate, and simulated
by using the EM Solver (ADS from Agilent technologies and CST microwave studio) in order to operate in
the ISM band. The obtained results show good agreement with the simulations and the coupler shows a
good perfo6rmance in the hole bandwidth. The size of the proposed coupler is reduced around 50%
compared to the conventional design. The last part conerns the fabrication and test of the proposed
coupler. The measurement and simulation results are in good agreements.
A LOW POWER, LOW PHASE NOISE CMOS LC OSCILLATORIJEEE
In this paper a Double Cross Coupled Inductor capacitor based Voltage Control Oscillator (LC-VCO) is designed. In the proposed circuit the phase noise, tuning range with respect to control voltage, output power and the power dissipation of the circuit is analysed. Phase noise of approximate -96 dBc/Hz at frequency of 1MHz, frequency tuning range of 4.8 to 8.3 GHz (corresponding to 53.0% tuning range) obtained by varying the control voltage from 0 to 2.0 V, Output power of circuit -8.92 dBm at 50 Ohm resistance terminal and the power consumption of Circuit is 3.8 mW. This VCO are designed for 5.5 GHz. The circuit is designed on the UMC 180nm CMOS technology and all the simulation results are obtained using cadence SPECTRE Simulator.
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We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
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Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
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Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
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2. Heatmap utilization for testing
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4. Demo
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SAP heatmap example with demo
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GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
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Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
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Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
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Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
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Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
2. Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT)
36
with dielectric of width Wୣ୯ [4]. The current lines along the side walls of the RSIW is vertical, the
fundamental mode TE10 can propagate efficiently.
Figure 1. Rectangular wave guide integrated into a substrate RSIW
Based on the work [2], empirical equations were derived for determining the width of the
equivalent rectangular wave guide, giving the same characteristics of the fundamental mode
propagating in the RSIW (Figure 2) having the same height and the same dielectric.
Wୣ୯ ൌ Wୗ୍ െ
p൏
λ ൌ
ୡ
బ
ଶ
√ ε୰
ୢమ
.ଽହ ୮
(1)
(2)
p൏4݀
(3)
, λ is the space wavelength.
The period p should be kept low to reduce leakage losses between adjacent cylinders. The choice
of subject is also the problem of losses.
We analyzed, the RSIW designed in V-band [50-75] GHz from a conventional waveguide [10]
whose characteristic parameters are described in Table 1. Following the same approach, cited
above [2], we deduce the parameters of the RSIW and the equivalent waveguide (Figure 2) Table
1.
Table 1
Classic wave guide
WR15, a=3.759mm,
b=1.88mm, ε୰ ൌ1
Equivalent wave guide
h=0.15mm, ε୰ ൌ3.15
Wୣ୯ =2.12mm
RSIW
h=0.15mm,ε୰ ൌ3.15,
d=0.2mm,p=0.4mm,
Wୗ୍ =2.24mm
Figure 2. Equivalent rectangular waveguide and RSIW
3. 37
Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT)
In this study, we have analyzed many structures with HFSS tool [11] based on the finite element
method (FEM). It should be noted that the formulas given by equations (1), (2) and (3) are
commonly used to obtain initial values Wୗ୍ , optimized later by HFSS. It has allowed the layout
of the cartography of the electromagnetic field of the TE10 mode and scatter diagram. Figure 3
shows the similarity of the electromagnetic field distribution of TE10 mode guided in the guide
RSIW and its equivalent in waveguide technology.
(b)
(a)
Figure 3. Electric field distribution of the TE10 mode in the equivalent rectangular waveguide (a) and
RSIW (b) at the frequency f = 60GHz
Figure 4 also shows the consistency of the dispersion characteristics between these two equivalent
wave guides. It should be noted that this similarity propagation is valid for all modes TEn0.
Mode TE10 Equivalent wave guide
Mode TE20 Equivalent wave guide
Mode TE10 RSIW
Mode TE20 RSIW
3000
Beta (rd/m)
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Frequency GHz
Figure 4. Dispersion characteristics
3. RSIW-MICROSTRIP TAPERED TRANSITION
The microstrip transition taper [12] employed to interconnect RSIW to the planar transmission
lines is used in this paper. There is a tapered section which is used to match the impedance
between a 50 Ω microstrip line and the RSIW. The 50 Ω microstrip line, in which the dominant
mode is quasi-TEM, can excite well the dominant mode TE10 of the RSIW, as their electric field
distributions are approximate in the profile of the structure.
Initial parameters W and L are determined from several formulas given [13], following by an
optimization using the HFSS [11] Table 2. Figure 5 shows the proposed configuration of two
back-to-back transitions of microstrip line to RSIW. Figures 6 and 7 show the results of the RSIW
analysis without transition and with a coplanar taper of dimensions L and W .
Table 2
LT
WT
Wmst
L
1.57mm
0.77mm
0.37mm
2.8mm
4. Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT)
38
Figure 5. Electric field distribution of TE10 mode at f = 60 GHz in the matched RSIW
0
0
-5
-10
-10
IS11I
IS12I
-15
ISijI dB
ISijI dB
-20
-30
IS11I
IS12I
-40
-20
-25
-30
-35
-50
-40
-60
50
55
60
65
70
50
75
55
60
65
70
75
Frequency GHz
Frequency GHz
Figure 6. Transmission coefficients S21
and reflection S11 of the RSIW
Figure 7. Transmission coefficients S21 and
reflection S11 of the matched RSIW with taper
The results illustrated in figure 7, indicate that the reflection coefficient S11 remains below-15 dB
over 31.51% of the frequency band and the transmission coefficient S21 is around -0.88 dB across
the entire band. This concept [13] allows the design of a completely integrated planar circuit of
microstrip and waveguide on the same substrate without any mechanical assembly [14] [15].
4. DESIGN OF RSIW PASSIVE DEVICES
4.1. SIW Power Divider
The power dividers [16] are passive microwave devices. There are mainly two types T and Y [14]
[16], which are commonly used to deliver copies of a signal in a system. This application focuses
on the three ports power dividers with equal power division ratio where the half power (-3 dB) of
an input signal is provided to each of the two output ports. The S matrix for a three ports network,
is shown in equation (4)
Sଵଵ
Sଶଵ
ሾSሿ ൌ
Sଷଵ
Sଵଶ
Sଶଶ
Sଷଶ
Sଵଷ
Sଶଷ ൩
Sଷଷ
(4)
The analyzed power divider (Figure 8), designed in the V- band [50-75] GHz, is based on three
identical RSIW with the characteristic parameters reported in Table 1 and 2. Then Three RSIW of
length L=2.8mm are connected to form a T. An inductive metal cylinder of radius r and position xp
is added to this junction in order to minimize reflection losses at the input port. To achieve this
objective, an optimization of the radius r and the position xp of this disruptive element is required.
For this purpose, it is generally useful to fix the radius r to the corresponding available practical
value of diameter drills, and then change xp to reduce the reflection losses. This will be repeated
until reflection losses, below -15 dB, reach acceptable limit. Then, a microstrip transition is added
to each port so that we can integrate this component directly into a microstrip circuit. The input
wave (port 1) is divided into two parts which output to port 2 and port 3, respectively.
5. 39
Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT)
Figure 8. RSIW power divider
Figures 9 and 10 illustrate the distribution of the electric field of the TE10 mode in the band [50-75]
GHz and the transmission coefficients S21, S31 and the reflection coefficient S11, respectively. The
figure 10 indicates that S11 is less than -15 dB between 50 GHz and 61 GHz, which is more than
19.82% of the bandwidth. The optimal values of the inductive cylinder are r = 0.1mm,
xp=1.02mm. Transmission coefficients S21 and S31 fluctuate between -3.65 dB and -3.76 dB, being
very acceptable levels.
Figure 9. Electric field distribution of the TE10 mode
at f = 55GHz in the RSIW power divider with inductive cylinder
-5
IS11I
IS21I
IS31I
-10
ISijI dB
-15
-20
-25
-30
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
Frequency GHz
Figure 10. Parameters Sij in the RSIW power divider with inductive cylinder
4.2. SIW Circulator
Protection microwave sources are a very common and recommended to increase the reliability of
emitters practice. Several types of solutions are used to provide this kind of function. However, in
high power, the circulator waveguide technology [8] is still the best solution. Its topology of a
6. Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT)
40
hexapole (Figure 11) having three access separate of 120° from each other, around a central body
of ferrite (nickel materials and lithium ferrite) [8] [9] , to which is applied a vertical magnetic field
conferring to the circulator the property of non-reciprocity. Indeed, when a transverse magnetic
field is applied, it creates in its central part an internal field such that incoming wave from port 1, 2
or 3 cannot out by the access 2, 3 or 1, respectively.
The two important variables for a circulator are insertion losses to be as low as possible (<1 dB)
and good isolation (-30 dB). The ideal circulator is a suitable hexapole that would be able to direct
the energy to the next access, the third being isolated. Its ideal matrix ሾSሿ would be as follows:
0
0 e୨
୨
ሾSሿ ൌ e
(5)
0
0൩
୨
0 e
0
Where φ is the phase shift associated with transmission of the access signal to the next access. The
non-symmetry of the matrix reflects clearly the non-reciprocity of the component. This nonreciprocity is the whole point of the device and explains that this function can be used in many
applications in telecommunications. This circulator was designed by using cylindrical metal rods,
with the same parameters presented in Tables 1 and 2, but L = 2.8mm.
In this paper the saturation magnetization of ferrite material is [9] 4πMs = 5000 Gauss. Its relative
dielectric constant is 13.7 and a radius R calculated by [8].
ଵ.଼ସ ୡ
బ ඥக
R ൌ ன
(6)
Where c and ω are respectively the velocity of light in the free space and the operation frequency
[8]. The ferrite height is equal to the RSIW thickness, R =0.5mm h =0.15mm.
The RSIW circulator, presented in figure 11, has been simulated by HFSS [11]. Figure 12
illustrates the distribution of the electric field of the TE10 mode in the band [50-75] GHz. The
frequency response of this SIW circulator, the transmission coefficient S21, the reflection
coefficient S11 and the isolation coefficient S31 are reported through the figure 13. The analysis of
these results shows that the reflection losses S11 below -15 dB occupy more than 6% of the
bandwidth, the insertion loss S21 is about -0.8 dB, while the maximum of the isolation S31 is
-36.32 dB. At frequency of 55 GHz, the two figures 12 and 13 confirm traffic property of this
device [14].
Figure 11. RSIW circulator
7. 41
Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT)
Figure 12. Electric field distribution of the TE10 mode
of the RSIW circulator at f = 55 GHz
0
-5
-10
ISijI dB
-15
-20
IS11I
IS31I
IS21I
-25
-30
-35
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
Frequency GHz
Figure 13. Parameters Sij of RSIW circulator
4.3. SIW Coupler
The development of modern communication systems, in microwave and millimeter waves domain,
requires high quality and high density integration circuits. The size and cost are two essential
requirements of these systems. This has stimulated the rapid development of many passive
compact [14] [15] and low cost components. Couplers [5] which have been widely used as key
components in many systems have been intensively studied for decades. The directional couplers
are passive devices used for routing, dividing and combining the signals in the microwave system.
In the antenna beam-forming networks, the directional coupler is generally an important element in
power dividing/combining networks, so great interest and effort have been directed to the
development of different types of directional couplers [17]. The RSIW directional couplers are
extensively investigated. Coupler’s configuration is illustrated in figure 14. The RSIW directional
coupler (-3 dB) is realized by two RSIW with a common wall on which an aperture is utilized to
realize the coupling between these two guides. The geometry of the coupler is determined [15]
based on an even/odd mode analysis, where the even mode is the TE10 and the odd mode is the
TE20. The phase difference ∆φ between the two modes is expressed by
∆φ = (βଵ -βଶ )Wୟ୮
(7)
Where βଵ and βଶ are the propagation constants of the TE10 and TE20 modes, respectively. In the
band of operation, the condition ∆φ = π/2 needs to be satisfied. Port 1 is the input port, port 2 is
named as the through port, port 3 is the coupling port and port 4 is designed as the isolated port.
8. Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT)
42
The tapered transition between the 50Ω microstrip line and the RSIW is added to each port so that
we can integrate this component directly into a microstrip circuit. The matrix [S] of a symmetric
coupler (-3 dB), adapted to its access, is given by equation (8).
0 1 j 0
1 0 0 j
ሾSሿ = ൦
൪
√ଶ j 0 0 1
0 j 10
ଵ
(8)
Figure 14. RSIW coupler
The coupler parameters are finely tuned using three-dimensional (3D) electromagnetic (EM)
simulation under HFSS [11] to achieve wide-band performance. The final dimensions of the SIW
coupler are presented in Table 3.
Table 3
L
Wୱ
Lୱ
Wୟ୮
Lୟ୮
5.93mm
1.498mm
0.227mm
3.138mm
0.313mm
Figures 15 and 16 present electric field distribution of the TE10 mode in the V-band and the
reflection coefficients S11, transmission coefficients S21, coupling and isolation coefficients S31, S41.
The results of this analysis show clearly the directional coupler character in the band [50-75] GHz,
where we have the levels of reflection and isolation below -15 dB in more than 26.43% of the
bandwidth, and the insertion losses S21 and coupling S31 fluctuate between -3.59 dB 0.5 dB.
These simulation results prove the good performance of this integrated structure.
±
Figure 15. Electric field distribution of TE10 mode for RSIW coupler at f=60 GHz
9. 43
Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT)
0
-10
-20
ISijI dB
-30
-40
IS11I
IS21I
IS31I
IS41I
-50
-60
-70
50
55
60
65
70
Frequency GHz
Figure 16. Frequency response of the RSIW directional coupler
5. CONCLUSIONS
In this paper, we have investigated a V-band substrate integrated waveguide passive components.
We have presented a simple and fast method to design three passive components based on RSIW
using Ansoft HFSS code. Firstly, the RSIW three ports power dividers with equal power division
ratios where half the power of an input signal is provided to each of the two output ports.
Secondly, the V-band RSIW circulator, suitable for millimeter wave applications, has been
designed; it can be integrated on the same substrate with microstrip and other planar circuit. The
HFSS code has also been applied to the analysis of the V-band coupler which is composed of two
matched RSIW with a common wall on which an aperture is used to realize the coupling. The
developed RSIW power dividers, circulator and coupler can serve as building blocks in the design
of complex microwave and millimeter wave circuits and systems. The simulation results have
shown the good performance of these integrated structures.
REFERENCES
[1] D. Deslandes and K. Wu, (2002) “Design Consideration and Performance Analysis of Substrate
Integrated Waveguide Components,” Europ. Microw. Conf., pp.1-4, Oct.
[2] Y. Cassivi, L. Perregrini, P. Arcioni, M. Bressan, K. Wu, G. Conciauro, (2002) “Dispersion
Characteristics of Substrate Integrated Rectangular Waveguide” IEEE Microw. Wireless Comp. Lett.,
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[3] Rahali Bochra, Feham Mohammed, Junwu TAO, (2011) “Design of optimal chamfered bends in
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[4] A. Adabi and M. Tayarani , (2008) “Substrate Integration of Dual Inductive Post Waveguide Filter”,
Electrical Engineering Department IUST University Narmak, Tehran, Iran Progress In
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[5] Tan Ke-jun, Luan Xiu-zhen,(2009) “Compact Directional Coupler Based on Substrate integrated
Waveguide“, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters .
[6] Z. C. Hao, W. Hong, J. X. Chen, X. P. Chen and K. Wu, (2005) “Planar diplexer for microwave
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[7] Xinyu Xu, Renato G. Bosisioand and Ke Wu, (2005) “A New Six-Port Junction Based on Substrate
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53, No. 7.
[8] Wenquan Che, Xiao Jing Ji,Edward K. N. Yung, (2007) “Miniaturized Planar Ferrite Junction
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Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering.
[9] Y. J. Ban , (2010) “Tunable Ferrite Phase Shifters Using Substrate Integrated Waveguide Technique“
Département de Génie Electrique Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal.
[10] Rahali Bouchra , (2013) “Contribution à la Modélisation Electromagnétique des structures Complexes
Hyperfréquences en Technologie SIW”, Thèse de doctorat, Département de Génie Electrique et
Electronique, Faculté de Technologie, Université Abou Bekr Belkaid de Tlemcen Algérie.
10. Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT)
44
[11] User’s guide – High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS), v11.0 Ansoft Corporation.
[12] Dominic Deslandes and Ke Wu, (2001) “Integrated Micro strip and Rectangular Waveguide in Planar
Form”, Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, IEEE, pp.68-70.
[13] Dominic Deslandes , (2010) “Design Equations for Tapered Microstrip-to-Substrate Integrated
Waveguide Transitions”, Microwave Symposium Digest, IEEE MTT-S International, pp. 704-707.
[14] Nathan Alexander Smith, (2010) “Substrate Integrated Waveguide Circuits and Systems”, Thesis for
the degree of Master of Engineering, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering McGill
University Montréal, Québec, Canada.
[15] Teis Coenen, (2010) “Analysis and Design of Post Wall Waveguides for Applications in SIW” , PhD
Thesis, the Telecommunication Engineering group of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering,
Mathematics and Computer Science of the University of Twente Enschede, The Netherlands.
[16] Simon Germain, Dominic Deslandes , Ke Wu ,(2003) “Development of Substrate Integrated
Waveguide Power Dividers”, Electrical and Computer Engineering, IEEE, Vol.3, pp.1921-1924.
[17] Tarik Djerafi, (2011) “Etude et Réalisation de Matrices à Commutation de Faisceaux en Technologie
Guide D’ondes Integré au Substrat”, These de ph.D Genie Electrique, Département de Génie
Electrique Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal.
.