International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
A ring monopole quad band antenna loaded with metamaterial and slots for wire...journalBEEI
The present wireless applications demand a compact, multi-operated, and stable radiation pattern antenna with good gain and impedance matching performance. To accomplish this requirement. In this paper, we propose a compact metamaterial structure loaded quad band antenna. The structural specifications/layout of the antenna consists of a circular ring monopole fed by a microstrip line. The ground part of the antenna is loaded with a metamaterial rectangular split-ring resonator (RSRR), an L-shaped slot, and two horizontally placed rectangular slots parallel to each other. No external matching circuit is utilized and impedance matching is solely controlled by the placement of slots. The antenna shows operation at 2.1 GHz (2.01-2.24 GHz, a bandwidth of 230 MHz (WLAN)), 4.5 GHz (4.35-4.66 GHz, a bandwidth of 310 MHz (C-band)), 5.5 GHz (5.37-5.77 GHz bandwidth of 400 MHz (WiMAX)), and 7.2 GHz (7.08-7.33 GHz, a bandwidth of 250 MHz (satellite band)). The antenna exhibits good gain and stable radiation pattern in both the plane and thus can be utilized for aforementioned applications.
Circularly polarized microstrip antenna with reactive load design for wireles...BASIM AL-SHAMMARI
Abstract
This paper presents a design of microstrip antenna for IEEE 802.11b and for IEEE 802.11g using a nearly square patch antenna, excited by a standard miniature adapter probe feed line. The patch and ground plain are separated by a substrate; the radiating patch is loaded by a central shorting pin and feeding probe loaded by a series capacitor. This antenna has wide bandwidth in the frequency band of (WLAN) and with a return loss ≤ −10 dB from 2.4 GHz to 2.48 GHz exhibits circularly polarized far field radiation pattern.
The proposed antennas have been simulated and analyzed using method of moments (MoM) based software package Microwave Office 2008 v8.0. The results show that the bandwidth of the antenna increases by using reactive load. The simulated gain of the antenna is over 6 dB.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS jantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3 The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability
Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
Electrically Controlled Frequency Reconfigurable Comb Type Antenna for Wirele...IDES Editor
Electrically controlled frequency reconfigurable
comb type antenna is presented in this paper. Reconfigurability
is achieved by placing a PIN diode in each slot of the comb
type antenna. The proposed antenna has very compact size
and works on 8 different bands depending upon the state and
number of PIN diode (ON/OFF). Ansoft Designer 7 is used to
simulate the equivalent model for the PIN diode and proposed
antenna is fabricated on FR4 substrate using photolithography
process. As the antenna reconfigure its resonating frequency
from 1st band to 8th band, directivity increases from 3.28 to 4.02
and radiation efficiency increases from 75.3% to 93.45% due
to the improvement in impedance matching at higher band.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
A ring monopole quad band antenna loaded with metamaterial and slots for wire...journalBEEI
The present wireless applications demand a compact, multi-operated, and stable radiation pattern antenna with good gain and impedance matching performance. To accomplish this requirement. In this paper, we propose a compact metamaterial structure loaded quad band antenna. The structural specifications/layout of the antenna consists of a circular ring monopole fed by a microstrip line. The ground part of the antenna is loaded with a metamaterial rectangular split-ring resonator (RSRR), an L-shaped slot, and two horizontally placed rectangular slots parallel to each other. No external matching circuit is utilized and impedance matching is solely controlled by the placement of slots. The antenna shows operation at 2.1 GHz (2.01-2.24 GHz, a bandwidth of 230 MHz (WLAN)), 4.5 GHz (4.35-4.66 GHz, a bandwidth of 310 MHz (C-band)), 5.5 GHz (5.37-5.77 GHz bandwidth of 400 MHz (WiMAX)), and 7.2 GHz (7.08-7.33 GHz, a bandwidth of 250 MHz (satellite band)). The antenna exhibits good gain and stable radiation pattern in both the plane and thus can be utilized for aforementioned applications.
Circularly polarized microstrip antenna with reactive load design for wireles...BASIM AL-SHAMMARI
Abstract
This paper presents a design of microstrip antenna for IEEE 802.11b and for IEEE 802.11g using a nearly square patch antenna, excited by a standard miniature adapter probe feed line. The patch and ground plain are separated by a substrate; the radiating patch is loaded by a central shorting pin and feeding probe loaded by a series capacitor. This antenna has wide bandwidth in the frequency band of (WLAN) and with a return loss ≤ −10 dB from 2.4 GHz to 2.48 GHz exhibits circularly polarized far field radiation pattern.
The proposed antennas have been simulated and analyzed using method of moments (MoM) based software package Microwave Office 2008 v8.0. The results show that the bandwidth of the antenna increases by using reactive load. The simulated gain of the antenna is over 6 dB.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS jantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3 The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability
Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
Electrically Controlled Frequency Reconfigurable Comb Type Antenna for Wirele...IDES Editor
Electrically controlled frequency reconfigurable
comb type antenna is presented in this paper. Reconfigurability
is achieved by placing a PIN diode in each slot of the comb
type antenna. The proposed antenna has very compact size
and works on 8 different bands depending upon the state and
number of PIN diode (ON/OFF). Ansoft Designer 7 is used to
simulate the equivalent model for the PIN diode and proposed
antenna is fabricated on FR4 substrate using photolithography
process. As the antenna reconfigure its resonating frequency
from 1st band to 8th band, directivity increases from 3.28 to 4.02
and radiation efficiency increases from 75.3% to 93.45% due
to the improvement in impedance matching at higher band.
Novel High-Gain Narrowband Waveguide-Fed Filtenna using Genetic Algorithm Yayah Zakaria
Filtenna is an antenna with filtering feature. There are many ways to design a filtenna. In this paper, a high-gain narrowband waveguide-fed aperture filtenna has been proposed and designed. A patterned plane, which is designed using genetic algorithm has been used at the open end of the waveguide fed, mounted on a conducting ground plane. To design the patterned pattern, magnetic field integral equation of the structure has been derived, so it has been solved using method of moments. The proposed filtenna has been simulated with HFSS that confirms the results obtained by method of moments. Finally, an unprinted dielectric as a superstrate has been used to enhance the gain of the filtenna. The filtenna bandwidth is 1.76% (160 MHz) which has the gain of 15.91 dB at the central frequency
of 9.45 GHz.
Wide to multiband elliptical monopole reconfigurable antenna for multimode sy...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Wideband-multiband reconfigurable elliptical monopole antenna is investigated in this paper.
By having conventional elliptical monopole antenna, wideband operating frequency is obtained.
With the combination of dual pairs of slotted arms and a band-pass filter on the ground plane of the elliptical
monopole, multiband is achieved. Dual-band operating frequencies at 1.6 GHz and 2.6 GHz while wideband
operates from 3.35 GHz to 9 GHz. Therefore, wide range of wireless communication systems is obtained
from the proposed antenna to support the multiband mode (i.e. GPS and LTE) and UWB systems. Frequency
reconfigurable is achieved by controlling the switches integrated on the antenna structure. Simulated results
of reflection coefficient, radiation patterns and gain performance are presented. The proposed antenna
design is suitable candidate for different wireless communication applications.
ER Publication,
IJETR, IJMCTR,
Journals,
International Journals,
High Impact Journals,
Monthly Journal,
Good quality Journals,
Research,
Research Papers,
Research Article,
Free Journals, Open access Journals,
erpublication.org,
Engineering Journal,
Science Journals,
Development of patch stack antenna for CP-SAR sensorjournalBEEI
In this paper, we obtain the basic configuration of the left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) array two patches stack triangular truncated microstrip antenna. This construction use the basic corporate feed microstrip-line with modified lossless T-junction power divider on radiating patch for circularly polarized-synthetic aperture radar (CP-SAR) sensor embedded on airspace with compact, small, and simple configuration. The design of Circular Polarization (CP) is realized by truncating the whole three tips and adjusting the parameters of antenna at the resonant frequency, f=5.2 GHz. The results of characteristic performance and S-parameter for the LHCP array two patches stack antenna at the resonant frequency show successively about 7.24 dBic of gain, 1.99 dB of axial ratio (Ar), and -11.43 dB of S-parameter. Moreover, the impedance bandwidth and the 3 dB-Ar bandwidth of this antenna are around 560 MHz (10.77%) and 50 MHz (0.96%), respectively.
Reconfigurable Microstrip Patch Antenna for Frequency Diversity Using RF MEMSIOSR Journals
A novel reconfigurable patch antenna for frequency diversity is proposed by reconfiguring its
geometry using tree rectangular tapes that are connected to the patch via six RF MEMS switches. So switching
between the different frequency bands is achieved by using capacitive series RF-MEMS switches. The antenna
was designed to operate at 2.6 GHz, 3.1 GHz, 3.5 GHz and 5 GHz
Novel High-Gain Narrowband Waveguide-Fed Filtenna using Genetic Algorithm Yayah Zakaria
Filtenna is an antenna with filtering feature. There are many ways to design a filtenna. In this paper, a high-gain narrowband waveguide-fed aperture filtenna has been proposed and designed. A patterned plane, which is designed using genetic algorithm has been used at the open end of the waveguide fed, mounted on a conducting ground plane. To design the patterned pattern, magnetic field integral equation of the structure has been derived, so it has been solved using method of moments. The proposed filtenna has been simulated with HFSS that confirms the results obtained by method of moments. Finally, an unprinted dielectric as a superstrate has been used to enhance the gain of the filtenna. The filtenna bandwidth is 1.76% (160 MHz) which has the gain of 15.91 dB at the central frequency
of 9.45 GHz.
Wide to multiband elliptical monopole reconfigurable antenna for multimode sy...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Wideband-multiband reconfigurable elliptical monopole antenna is investigated in this paper.
By having conventional elliptical monopole antenna, wideband operating frequency is obtained.
With the combination of dual pairs of slotted arms and a band-pass filter on the ground plane of the elliptical
monopole, multiband is achieved. Dual-band operating frequencies at 1.6 GHz and 2.6 GHz while wideband
operates from 3.35 GHz to 9 GHz. Therefore, wide range of wireless communication systems is obtained
from the proposed antenna to support the multiband mode (i.e. GPS and LTE) and UWB systems. Frequency
reconfigurable is achieved by controlling the switches integrated on the antenna structure. Simulated results
of reflection coefficient, radiation patterns and gain performance are presented. The proposed antenna
design is suitable candidate for different wireless communication applications.
ER Publication,
IJETR, IJMCTR,
Journals,
International Journals,
High Impact Journals,
Monthly Journal,
Good quality Journals,
Research,
Research Papers,
Research Article,
Free Journals, Open access Journals,
erpublication.org,
Engineering Journal,
Science Journals,
Development of patch stack antenna for CP-SAR sensorjournalBEEI
In this paper, we obtain the basic configuration of the left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) array two patches stack triangular truncated microstrip antenna. This construction use the basic corporate feed microstrip-line with modified lossless T-junction power divider on radiating patch for circularly polarized-synthetic aperture radar (CP-SAR) sensor embedded on airspace with compact, small, and simple configuration. The design of Circular Polarization (CP) is realized by truncating the whole three tips and adjusting the parameters of antenna at the resonant frequency, f=5.2 GHz. The results of characteristic performance and S-parameter for the LHCP array two patches stack antenna at the resonant frequency show successively about 7.24 dBic of gain, 1.99 dB of axial ratio (Ar), and -11.43 dB of S-parameter. Moreover, the impedance bandwidth and the 3 dB-Ar bandwidth of this antenna are around 560 MHz (10.77%) and 50 MHz (0.96%), respectively.
Reconfigurable Microstrip Patch Antenna for Frequency Diversity Using RF MEMSIOSR Journals
A novel reconfigurable patch antenna for frequency diversity is proposed by reconfiguring its
geometry using tree rectangular tapes that are connected to the patch via six RF MEMS switches. So switching
between the different frequency bands is achieved by using capacitive series RF-MEMS switches. The antenna
was designed to operate at 2.6 GHz, 3.1 GHz, 3.5 GHz and 5 GHz
Circularly polarized antenna array based on hybrid couplers for 5G devicesjournalBEEI
This paper depicts a wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna for 5G devices. The antenna array has a 3D structure including four simple printed dipole elements with directional radiations, high gain, and high efficiency. It achieves a CP by using the sequential rotation (SR) feeding based on 90°-3dB hybrid couplers in the proposed feeding network. The antenna array bandwidth is wide, 26.7%, with an operating frequency band from 3.35 GHz to 4.35 GHz. The antenna achieves a high peak gain of 10.73 dBi and high efficiency of 93.75%. Besides, the antenna gain is stable over the operating bandwidth (BW). At the centre operating frequency of 3.75 GHz, the angle of circular polarization is 51°. The antenna is designed and fabricated on the Rogers 4003 C substrate. The measured S11 is well matching with the simulation results. With the above characteristics, the proposed antenna can be a suitable candidate for 5G devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS jantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS jantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
PLANAR ACS FED DUAL BAND ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjantjournal
A novel Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS) fed antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) suitable for dual application is presented. The Method of Moments (MoM) based mentor graphics IE3D electromagnetic solver has been used for this design. Dual band operation has been obtained by modifying the ground plane of the proposed design with spur-slots. It has been fabricated and tested with the overall size of 21x15x1.6 mm3. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna yields <-10dB impedance bandwidth of 13.13% and 9.86% which meets the requirement of 3.5GHz and 5.5GHz Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and World Wide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The approximate lumped equivalent circuit extraction for the proposed DGS fed dual band antenna has been discussed in detail. Because of its stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization,miniature size, high average antenna gain of 2.5dBi and good electromagnetic characteristics, the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for dual mode wireless communication devices.
Two-section branch-line hybrid couplers based broadband transmit/receive switchIJECEIAES
This article introduces a broadband microstripline-based transmit/receive switch for 7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging. The designed switch aims to handle a signal of multiple frequencies to/from a multi-tuned radio-frequency coil that resonates at frequencies corresponding to the speed of precession of a wide range of atomic X-nuclei, at the same time and without tuning. These include 1H, 23Na, 13C, 31P, 19F, and 7Li used in magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a measure to the existence of many diseases. The fundamental and third harmonic center frequencies of the switch are adjusted to resonate at two broadbands covering a wide range of atomic X-nuclei. Two section branch-line hybrid couplers with phase inverters are designed to build the broadband switch. The designed switch used the minimum trace widths of transmission lines that reveal a compact size without increasing the heat and then the loss beyond specific values. The couplers and the switch S-parameters exhibited good return loss (<-10 dB), high isolation (<-40 dB), less insertion loss (<1 dB) and two clear wide bands covering many atomic X-nuclei used in diagnosis, at the same time and without the need for any tuning circuit during operation.
BODY ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR BODY CENTRIC WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMjantjournal
This paper presents modified patch antenna for 3 GHz and 5 GHz operating frequencies. Here different approaches are studied by varying slot sizes, defected ground size, notch and also changing feed position. Insertion of slots gives dual frequency operation. Notch provides shifting of lower frequency band towards left hand side. Here combined effect of each techniques adopted gives desired result. Proposed antenna resonates for 3 and 5 GHz frequency. Simulation is done using IE3D software for various parameters. Return loss of final design was -12.17 dB for 3 GHz frequency and VSWR of 1.65. For 5 GHz simulation response was -10.04dB return loss and VSWR of 1.91. Proposed antenna is fabricated giving different details. Paper gives good agreement between measured and simulated results.
BODY ANTENNA WITH DGS FOR BODY CENTRIC WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEMjantjournal
This paper presents modified patch antenna for 3 GHz and 5 GHz operating frequencies. Here different approaches are studied by varying slot sizes, defected ground size, notch and also changing feed position. Insertion of slots gives dual frequency operation. Notch provides shifting of lower frequency band towards left hand side. Here combined effect of each techniques adopted gives desired result. Proposed antenna resonates for 3 and 5 GHz frequency. Simulation is done using IE3D software for various parameters. Return loss of final design was -12.17 dB for 3 GHz frequency and VSWR of 1.65. For 5 GHz simulation response was -10.04dB return loss and VSWR of 1.91. Proposed antenna is fabricated giving different details. Paper gives good agreement between measured and simulated results.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
1. Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 136, 623–634, 2013
A CPW-FED DUAL BAND-NOTCHED UWB ANTENNA
WITH A PAIR OF BENDED DUAL-L-SHAPE PARASITIC
BRANCHES
Xianglong Liu*, Yingzeng Yin, Pingan Liu, Junhui Wang,
and Bin Xu
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Antennas and
Microwaves, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710071, China
Abstract—In this paper, a novel coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed
dual band-notched ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with circular
slotted ground is proposed. In order to achieve two notched bands
at 3.3–3.7 GHz for worldwide interoperability for microwave access
(WiMAX) and 5.15–5.825 GHz for wireless local area network (WLAN)
respectively, a pair of bended dual- L-shape branches are attached
to the slotted ground. By optimizing the lengths and positions of
the branches, the desired notch-bands of WLAN and WiMAX can be
achieved. The prototype of the proposed antenna was fabricated and
tested. The simulated and measured results show good agreement
over the ultra-wideband. Besides these mechanical features, such
as compact in size, easy in fabrication, the proposed antenna also
shows good characteristics in its radiation patterns and time-domain
behaviors. So it is a nice candidate for modern UWB communication
systems.
1. INTRODUCTION
Since the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) released the
unlicensed frequency band of 3.1–10.6 GHz for commercial UWB
applications [1], ultra-wideband (UWB) systems have drawn lots of
interests for their high data rates, great capacity, low complexity
and low operating power level [2]. The UWB systems are usually
used in home networking systems as a convenient way for personal
wireless communications. As one of the most essential parts of the
Received 25 December 2012, Accepted 25 January 2013, Scheduled 27 January 2013
* Corresponding author: Xianglong Liu (xianglongliu007@163.com).
2. 624 Liu et al.
UWB systems, UWB antennas have drawn attention of researchers.
But when UWB systems bring us conveniences, they also carry us
problems at the same time. One problem is the interference between
the UWB systems and other communication systems such as local
area network (WLAN, 5.15–5.825 GHz), worldwide interoperability for
microwave access (WiMAX, 3.3–3.7 GHz) IEEE802.11a in the United
States (5.15–5.35 GHz, 5.725–5.825 GHz) and HIPERLAN/2 in Europe
(5.15–5.35 GHz, 5.47–5.725 GHz) [3]. So UWB antennas with band-
notched characteristics at these existing bands are needed.
Among recent researches, many UWB antennas with band-
notched characteristics have been proposed and studied. The
conventional and effective way to achieve the notch-band is inserting
a slit on the patch [4–10]. While there are also many other ways to
create band-notched characteristics on a UWB antenna, such as using
parasitic structures [11–18], embedding a slit in the feeding strip [19],
or adding split ring resonator (SRR) coupled to the feed-line [20, 21].
These slots or slits are in different shapes, such as L-shape [5, 12, 20],
T-shape [7, 16, 17], C-shape [8, 9, 11, 13, 15, 18, 19] and etc., but the
common point they all share is to introduce a perturbation into the
UWB antennas. All these shapes are near λ/2 or λ/4 resonant lengths
corresponding their notched frequencies, so in band-notched antennas
designing procedures, appropriate slotcoupling and resonant length are
very important.
In this study, a new UWB monopole antenna with notched band
at 3.3–3.7 GHz (WLAN) and 5.15–5.825 GHz (WiMAX) is developed.
The original UWB antenna is mainly composed of a hexagon radiation
patch and a circular slotted ground plane. In order to obtain
band-notched characteristics at 3.3–3.7 GHz and 5.1–5.8 GHz, a pair
of bended dual-L-shape branches are added to the slotted ground
symmetrically. Also, one branch consists of two strips which different
in length, but this two strips share a common circle center. The
different strip controls different notch-band, the longer strip for the
lower notch-band and the shorter one for the upper notch-band. Some
key parameters which affect the characteristics of the notch bands are
specially studied. Finally, the proposed antenna is designed, fabricated
and tested. The simulated and measured results are also compared and
discussed which shows the theoretical analysis and the practice are
match well. The proposed antenna has stable radiation pattern and
nice omni-directional performances across the whole operating band,
which validates our design concept and theoretical analysis.
This paper mainly consists of three parts. First, the configuration
of the proposed antenna is given and the equivalent circuit of the
antenna is proposed and discussed. Secondly, the antenna evolution
3. Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 136, 2013 625
and its key parameters are analyzed. What’s more, both the measured
and simulated results are given in this part. Finally, the paper is
summarized.
2. ANTENNA CONFIGURATION AND ANALYSIS
2.1. Configuration of the Proposed Antenna
The configuration of the proposed antenna with its geometrical
parameters are depicted in Figure 1. The antenna is printed on a
1.2-mm-thick substrate of FR4 whose dielectric constant is 4.4 and loss
tangent is 0.02. The overall dimensions of the antenna are 40×30 mm2.
The antenna consists of a hexagon monopole radiator, a circular slotted
ground plane and a pair of parasitic branches. They are all printed on
the same side of the substrate and the other side of the substrate is
empty.
In Figure 1, we can see the monopole radiator is connected to a
50 Ω coplanar wave guide (CPW) feed-line. In order to achieve ultra-
wideband (UWB) performance, a pair of right angle cuts with depth
of h1 and width of w4 are cut on the ground plane symmetrically.
In Figure 1, the two bended dual-L-shape parasitic branches which
are added to the ground are for dual band-notched performance,
with their dimensions are zoomed in and depicted in detail especially.
w1
w2
w3
L
W
s
R1
R2
1
l2
l
g1
h1h0
x
z
y
l
SMA connector
g0
w0
ground plane
dielectric substrate
w4
g
(θ)
R
Figure 1. Configuration of the proposed antenna.
4. 626 Liu et al.
Table 1. Optimal geometrical dimensions of the proposed antenna.
Parameters L W w0 w1 w2 w3 w4 h0 h1 g0
Value (mm) 40 30 2.6 0.18 0.29 0.35 4.32 6 1.35 0.38
Parameters g1 R R1 R2 l(θ) l1 l2 g
Value (mm) 0.7 14 12.95 12 6.3 (25.6◦
) 6.9 12.2 0.87
All values of these parameters are given in Table 1, and several of
these design parameters will be studied in following discussions. The
numerical analysis and geometry refinement of the proposed antenna
are performed by using ANSYS HFSS 13.0.
The length of the bended single-L-shape branches Li (i = 1, 2)
can be calculated according to the following formulas:
Li ≈
c
4fi
√
εeff
(1)
εeff =
εr + 1
2
(2)
where c is the speed of light in free space, εr is the dielectric constant of
the substrate, εeff is the efficiency dielectric constant and fi (i = 1, 2)
is the center frequency of notched bands. For the frequency at 5.5 GHz,
the theoretically calculated value L1 ≈ 8.3 mm, and the practical
length of the bended single-L-shape branch is l1 + R − R2 − w2 =
6.9 + 14 − 12 − 0.29 = 8.61 mm; For the frequency at 3.5 GHz, the
theoretically calculated value L2 ≈ 13.1 mm, the practical length of the
bended single-L-shape branch is l2 +R−R1 −w1 = 12.2+14−12.95−
0.18 = 13.07 mm. The comparison of the theoretically calculated and
simulated results reveals that our design theory is matching with the
practice. The inaccuracies between the theory and the practice are
mainly coming from the properties of dielectric, which are changing
over the operating band, and the errors of calculating the efficiency
dielectric constant.
2.2. Equivalent Circuit
Figure 2 illustrates the equivalent circuit of the proposed antenna
around the notch band. To realize this circuit, let us start from the
feed port of the proposed antenna. Since the branches are a quarter-
wavelength long at their own resonant frequencies, two LC shorted
ways, (L1, C1) with resonant frequency at 3.5 GHz and (L2, C2) with
resonant frequency at 5.5 GHz, emerge when one looks into the circuit
5. Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 136, 2013 627
L1
C1
L2
C2
RA
port
Figure 2. Equivalent circuit of
the proposed band-notched UWB
antenna around the notch band.
Figure 3. The simulated
impedance curve of the proposed
antenna.
from the feed port. According to the formulas
Z = R + j ωL −
1
ωC
(3)
ω0 = 2πf0 =
1
√
LC
(4)
When the circuit is operating at its resonant frequency, we have,
Z = R + j ω0L −
1
ω0C
= R + j0, as ω0L =
1
ω0C
(5)
The imaginary part of its impedance becomes zero, just like the
Equation (5) shows. For an circuit that consists of ideal L and C,
the circuit impedance will become zero, i.e., R = 0, when it works
at its own resonant frequency. As the Figure 2 shows, the radiation
resistance RA will be shorted at 3.5 GHz or 5.5 GHz, when one looks
into the equivalent circuit of the proposed antenna from the feed port.
This means the impedance of the proposed antenna is mismatched
at the 3.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz, so the band-notched characteristics of the
proposed antenna is achieved. Figure 3 shows the simulated impedance
curve of the proposed antenna over the operating band. It can be see
that the mismatched impedance areas consist of two part, one is near
3.5 GHz and another is near 5.5 GHz, which are corresponding to the
notch-band positions.
3. ANTENNA EVOLUTION, DISCUSSIONS AND
RESULTS
3.1. Antenna Evolution
The evolution procedure of the proposed antenna is given in Figure 4(a)
in which the models of original antenna, antenna I and antenna II are
6. 628 Liu et al.
original antenna
antenna
antenna
proposed antenna
I
II
(a) (b)
Figure 4. The evolution of the proposed antenna: (a) steps of design
the proposed antenna, (b) the photograph contains the prototypes of
each antenna.
given, while Figure 4(b) gives the prototypes of these antennas. At the
same time, Figure 4(a) shows how the proposed antenna is designed
from a original UWB antenna. The fundamental of starting the
design procedure that a original UWB antenna with good impedance
matching over the operating band is needed. The design is started
from antenna I and antenna II, which are designed with single band-
notched characteristics at 3.3–3.7 GHz or 5.15–5.825 GHz respectively.
At this step of design, two pair of bended single-L-shape branches
with different in length are respectively added to the circularly cut
ground, the longer one for antenna I and the shorter one for antenna II.
Although our concept to do this design is coming from the basic theory
of λ/4 resonator, the achievement of band-notch characteristics at
the right band also needs much tuning work. If we want to achieve
dual band-notched characteristics, the combination of antenna I and
antenna II is easily coming to our mind. Again lots of tuning work is
always needed to achieve the right notch-band.
The simulated and measured VSWRs of original antenna,
antenna I, antenna II and the proposed antenna are presented in
Figure 5(a) simulated and (b) measured, which is convenient for
comparison between them. As Figure 5 reveals, antenna I with the
longer branch generates the lower notch-band, while antenna II with
shorter branch generates the upper notch-band. By uniting them
together, we get the dual band-notched UWB antenna as proposed
in this paper. From Figure 5, we can see the simulated and measured
results of these antennas match well and each antenna can generate its
own notch-band as predicted.
7. Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 136, 2013 629
(a) (b)
Figure 5. The VSWRs of original antenna, antenna I, antenna II and
the proposed antenna. (a) Simulated, (b) measured.
Figure 6. The simulated VSWRs
of the proposed antenna vary with
the branch-rotation.
Figure 7. The simulated VSWRs
of the proposed antenna vary
with the distance of branches and
ground.
3.2. The Free Design of the Proposed Antenna
As the ground plane is cut by a circle, the attached branches can rotate
around the center of the circle in the xoy plane. So the symmetrical
branches with angle θ to the y axis is studied, Figure 6 shows the
simulated VSWRs vary with the θ. It can be see that the proposed
antenna is always can achieve dual band-notched characteristics with
θ ranging from −20◦ to 35◦. What’s more, the proposed design also
leaves a lot of free space on the distance between the branches and
the ground plane, which reveals in Figure 7. With the gg’s value
changing form −0.2 mm to 0.5 mm, the proposed design always has
dual band-notched characteristics. All the factors that mentioned
above are evidences of the antenna we have presented in this paper
is not only a special designed antenna, while it is a kind of design that
with a large of freedom.
8. 630 Liu et al.
(a) (b)
Figure 8. Surface current distributions of the proposed antenna at
(a) 3.5 GHz and (b) 5.5 GHz.
3.3. Results and Discussions
The surface current distributions on the proposed antenna at the two
notched frequencies are shown in Figures 8(a) and(b). It is observed
that the energy is strongly coupled to the longer bended single-L-shape
branches at 3.5 GHz while the energy is coupled to the shorter bended
single-L-shape branches at 5.5 GHz, which introduce the notched bands
into the proposed antenna.
According to the design concept and the dimensions given above,
the prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated and tested. The
practical voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the proposed antenna
is measured with Agilent N5230A vector network analyzer and together
with the simulated VSWR are all given in Figure 9. It can be seen
that the proposed antenna has two notched bands at 3.3–3.7 GHz for
WiMAX and 5.15–5.825 GHz for WLAN, respectively. According to
our design concepts, the lower notch-band is controlled by l2 and the
upper one is controlled by l1, which is proved again by the measured
results in Figure 9. And the good agreement between the simulated
and measured results is also a good validation for our design concepts.
The radiation patterns of the proposed antenna are simulated
and measured. Figures 10(a) and (b) exhibit the simulated and
measured far-field radiation patterns in x-z plane (E plane) and x-
y plane (H-plane) for frequencies at 4.5 GHz, 6.5 GHz and 10 GHz,
respectively. Figure 10 illustrates that the proposed antenna has nice
bidirectional radiation patterns in the E-plane and omnidirectional
radiation patterns in the H-plane at low frequencies, but some
9. Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 136, 2013 631
Figure 9. The measured and simulated VSWR of the proposed
antenna.
(a)
(b)
4.5 GHz
6.5 GHz
10 GHz
4.5 GHz
6.5 GHz
10 GHz
Figure 10. (a) is simulated and (b) is measured radiation pattern at
4.5 GHz, 6.5 GHz and 10 GHz.
10. 632 Liu et al.
Figure 11. The measured group-
delay.
Figure 12. The measured peak
gains.
distortions have occurred with frequency increasing, which may due
to the high frequencies are more sensitive to the antenna structures.
The group delay of this design is measured by placing two identical
face-to-face at the distance of 30 cm, and the corresponding results are
presented in Figure 11. The group delay curve is nearly flat in the ultra-
wideband except at the two notched bands that are distorted sharply.
As indicated in Figure 11, the group delay is fluctuating within a range
of 2 ns except the notched bands, showing that the proposed design is
suitable for UWB operation.
The measured peak gains variation against frequency are shown
in Figure 11. As it shows obviously, two sharp gains reduction are
obtained at the 3.5 GHz (WiMAX) and 5.5 GHz (WLAN), respectively.
For the frequencies outside the notched bands, the gains reach as high
as 7.3 dBi and preserve some flatness.
4. CONCLUSION
In this study, a novel dual bandnotched UWB antenna with circularly
slotted ground has been presented. By attaching a pair of bended
dual-L-shape branches to the ground plane, the dual bandnotched
characteristics are obtained. The configuration and prototype of the
proposed antenna is illustrated and tested. At the same time, the
design evolution, equivalent circuit and some critical parameters of
the proposed antenna are studied and discussed. The simulated and
measured VSWRs, radiation patterns, group delay and peak gains
show good properties which indicates our design is a nice work.
Moreover, the advantages of simple structure, single side print, and
low profile make this antenna a good choice for UWB systems.
11. Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 136, 2013 633
REFERENCES
1. Federal Communications Commission Revision of Part 15 of
the Commission’s Rules Regarding Ultra-Wideband Transmission
System from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz Federal Communications Commis-
sion, Washington, DC, ET-Docket, FCC 98–153, 2002
2. Chuang, C.-T., T.-J. Lin, and S.-J. Chung, “A band-notched
UWB monopole antenna with high notch-band-edge selectivity,”
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 60, No. 10,
4492–4499, Oct. 2012.
3. Lin, C.-C., P. Jin, and R. W. Ziolkowski, “Single, dual and tri-
band-notched ultrawideband (UWB) antennas using capacitively
loaded loop (CLL) resonators,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas
and Propagation, Vol. 60, No. 1, 102–109, Jan. 2012
4. Medeiros, C. R., J. R. Costa, and C. A. Fernandes, “Compact
tapered slot UWB antenna with WLAN band rejection,” IEEE
Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 8, 2009
5. Wang, M.-F., J.-X. Xiao, and S.-W. Wang, “Study of a
dual-band notched wideband circular slot antenna,” Journal of
Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 24, Nos. 17–18,
2445–2452, 2010.
6. Zhou, D., S. Gao, F. Zhu, R. A. Abd-Alhameed, and J. D. Xu, “A
simple and compact planar ultra wide-band antenna with single or
dual band-notched characteristics,” Progress In Electromagnetics
Research, Vol. 123, 47–65, 2012.
7. Zeng, W.-B., J. Zhao, and Q.-Q. Wu, “Compact planar ultra-
wideband wide-slot antenna with an assembled band-notched
structure,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 54,
No. 7, 1654–1659, Jul. 2012.
8. Lin, Y.-C. and K.-J. Hung, “Compact ultra-wideband rectangular
aperture antenna and band-notched designs,” IEEE Transactions
on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 54, No. 11, 3075–3081,
Nov. 2006.
9. Yang, Y., Y.-Z. Yin, Y.-Q. Wei, B.-W. Liu, and A.-F. Sun, “A
circular wide-slot antenna with dual band-notched characteristics
for UWB applications,” Progress In Electromagnetics Research
Letters, Vol. 23, 137–145, 2011.
10. Sun, J.-Q., X.-M. Zhang, Y.-B. Yang, R. Guan, and L. Jin,
“Dual band-notched ultra-wideband planar monopole antenna
with M- and W-slots,” Progress In Electromagnetics Research
Letters, Vol. 19, 1–8, 2010.
11. Islam, M. T., R. Azim, and A. T. Mobashsher, “Triple band-
12. 634 Liu et al.
notched planar UWB antenna using parasitic strips,” Progress In
Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 129, 161–179, 2012.
12. Yang, Y., Y.-Z. Yin, B.-W. Liu, and S.-H. Jing, “A
quasi-semicircular wide-slot antenna with 3.5-/5.5-GHz dual
band-notched characteristics for ultra-wideband applications,”
Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 54, No. 7, 1602–
1605, Jul. 2012.
13. Fallahi, R., “A novel UWB elliptical slot antenna with band-
notched characteristics,” Progress In Electromagnetics Research,
Vol. 82, 127–136, 2008.
14. Hu, Y.-S., M. Li, G.-P. Gao, J.-S. Zhang, and M.-K. Yang,
“A double-printed trapezoidal patch dipole antenna for UWB
applications with band-notched characteristic,” Progress In
Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 103, 259–269, 2010.
15. Zhu, F., S. Gao, A. T. S. Ho, C. H. See, R. A. Abd-
Alhameed, J. Li, and J. Xu, “Design and analysis of planar ultra-
wideband antenna with dual band-notched function,” Progress In
Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 127, 523–536, 2012.
16. Abdollahvand, M., G. Dadashzadeh, and D. Mostafa, “Compact
dual band-notched printed monopole antenna for UWB applica-
tion,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 9,
1148–1151, 2010.
17. Liu, W. X. and Y. Z. Yin, “Dual band-notched antenna with the
parasitic strip for UWB,” Progress In Electromagnetics Research
Letters, Vol. 25, 21–30, 2011.
18. Gao, G.-P., Z.-L. Mei, and B.-N. Li, “Novel circular slot UWB
antenna with dual band-notched characteristic,” Progress In
Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 15, 49–63, 2010.
19. Li, C. M. and L. H. Ye, “Improved dual band-notched UWB
slot antenna with controllable notched band-widths,” Progress In
Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 115, 477–493, 2011.
20. Dong, Y.-D., W.-Hong, Z.-Q. Kuai, and J.-X. Chen, “Analysis of
planar ultrawideband antennas with on-ground slot band-notched
structures,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,
Vol. 57, No. 7, 1886–1893, Jul. 2009.
21. Ding, J.-C., Z.-L. Lin, Z.-N. Ying, and S.-L. He, “A compact ultra-
wideband slot antenna with multiple notch frequency bands,”
Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 49, No. 12, 3056–
3060, Dec. 2007.