This document discusses various dental products including dentifrices, anticaries agents, cleansing agents, polishing agents, and desensitizing agents. It provides details on the composition, mechanisms of action, and uses of common agents like sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, calcium carbonate, sodium metaphosphate, dicalcium phosphate, strontium chloride, and zinc chloride. India has a high incidence of oral cancers due to poor dental health and habits like chewing tobacco. Maintaining proper dental hygiene through regular brushing with dentifrices containing these agents can help prevent tooth decay and promote oral health.

1. DENTAL PRODUCTS
Pt. L R College of Pharmacy
Faridabad

2. Tooth structure

3. DENTAL PRODUCTS
• The substance used to produce effect on
teeth & in dental cavities.
• India has highest incidence of oral cancers
in the world due to poor dental health
compounded by ignorance, habits like
chewing of tobacco, pan & pan masala

4. Dentifrices
• Dentifrices including tooth powder &
tooth paste are agents used along with a
toothbrush to clean & polish natural teeth.
• Commercial dentifrices contain soap,
abrasives, flavor agents, desensitizing
agents,polishing agents etc.
• Dentifrice is also french word for
toothpaste

5. Types
☻Anti caries agents:
- sodium fluoride
- stannous fluoride
☻ Cleansing agents :
- dibasic calcium phosphate
- calcium carbonate
- sodium metaphosphate
☻Polishing agents :
- sodium metaphosphate
☻Desensitization agents :
- zinc chloride
- Strontium chloride

6. Anticaries agents
• They prevent tooth decay and
conequently caries.
• Food ( carbohydrates) + bacteria
Decalcification Acids
Cracking of enamel Tooth decay
Fermentation
of food by
bacterial
metabolism

7. Mechanism of action of fluoride
• The deposited fluorides on the surface of
teeth prevent action of acids or enzymes
on producing cavities.
• Fluoride is anticariogenic as it replaces the
hydroxyl ion in hydroxyapatite with fluoride
ions to form fluorapatite in the teeth
enamel.
• Fluorapatite harden the enamel & have
antibacterial activities.

9. Sodium fluoride
NaF MW. 41.99
Fluorine is an essential element in composition of tooth enamel & its
presence resist the solvent action of acids & it inhibits the
enzymes that produce organic acid
MOP: it is prepared by neutralizing hydrofluoric acid with sodium
carbonate
2 HF + Na2CO3 2 NaF + H2O + CO2
Recommended level of fluorine in drinking water in
india: 0.5- 0.8 mg/L (PPM)

10. Physical properties
• Colourless powder
• Odourless crystals
• Salty taste
• Soluble in water
• Insoluble in alcohol.

11. Uses
• Anticaries agent
• Prophylaxis of dental caries
• Manufacturing of dental products
• Used for preparation of insecticides &
rodenticides

12. Storage
Its aqueous sol” corrode ordinary glass
bottles so stored in dark pyrex bottle
usual dose
2.2 mg (equivalent to 1 mg of fluoride) OD

13. Caution
• Dental fluorosis occurs when excess
fluoride is ingested during first 7 years of
life ( years of tooth calcification)
• - level >1.5 ppm : mottling ( dental fluorsis)
• - level >3.0-6.0 ppm : skeletal fluorosis
• - level >10 ppm : crippling fluorosis

14. Stannous fluoride
SnF2 MW. 156.69
synonym:- Tin fluoride
MOP:- it is prepared by evaporating a
solution of stannous oxide & hydrofluoric
acid in the absence of O2
SnO2 + 2HF SnF2 + H2O

15. Physical properties
• Colourless powder
• Odourless
• Bitter, Salty taste
• Soluble in water
• Practically insoluble in
alcohol ether &
chloroform

16. Uses
• Anticaries agents
• Prophylaxis of dental caries.
• Manufacture of dental products
• 8% aqueous sol” a single application is
enough for 6 month to 1 year
• (i) simplified application
• (ii) greater effectiveness
Superior to sodium fluoride

17. Storage
“ it should be stored in well closed container
in cool & dry place ”
For topical use only

18. Cleansing agents
• (dentifrices/polishing agents) these are
substance used to clean the natural teeth. They
must be abrasive to some degree to remove the
stains from teeth. They are available in paste,
powder, gel or liquid form
• Eg. dibasic calcium phosphate
- calcium carbonate
- sodium metaphosphate
- sodium metaphosphate

19. Calcium carbonate
CaCO3 MW. 100.3
• Synonym… precipitated chalk
• MOP:- prepared by passing carbon
dioxide gas in lime water.

20. Physical properties
• Colourless powder
• Odourless
• Tasteless
• Soluble in water
• Insoluble in alcohol

21. Chemical properties
when it react with HCl acid it gives salt &
water
CaCO3 + HCl CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
When it react with sulphuric acid it gives salt
& water
CaCO3 + H2SO4 CaSO4 + CO2 + H20

22. Uses
• As dental product ( polishing agent)
• Manufacturing of dental products
• Antacid
• manufacturing of quick lime
• In agricultural field for neutalization of
acids

23. Storage
“ it should be stored in well closed
container at cool place ”

24. Sodium meta phosphate
NaPO3
• Synonym: madrells salt, grahams salt
• MOP: by dehydration of sodium phosphate

25. Physical properties
• Colourless powder
• Odourless
• Tasteless
• insoluble in water
• soluble in mineral salts solution
• Hygroscopic in nature

26. Uses
• As dental product ( polishing agent )
• Manufacturing of dental products
• Used in detergents

27. storage
“ it should be stored in well closed container
at cool place ”

28. Dicalcium phosphate
CaHPO4.2H2O
Synonym : calcium monohydrogen
phosphate, secondary hydrogen
phosphate, calcium hydrogen
phosphate,dibasic calcium phosphate
MOP by using calcium chloride & disodium
hydrogen phosphate

29. Physical properties
• Colourless powder
• Odourless
• Tasteless
• insoluble in water & alcohol
• soluble in hydrochloric acid sol”

30. Uses
• As dental product ( cleansing agent )
• Manufacturing of dental products
• Used as source of calcium & phosphate

31. storage
“ it should be stored in well closed container
at cool place ”

32. Desensitizing agents
These are substances used to reduce the
pain in the sensitive teeth caused by cold,
heat or touch
They act probably like local anesthetic
Eg. Strontium chloride, zinc chloride

33. Strontium chloride
• SrCl2.6H2O
• MOP By treating strontium oxide with
hydrochloric acid

34. Physical properties
• Colourless powder
• Odourless
• Tasteless
• Soluble in water & alcohol
• Aqeuous sol” is neutal in nature

35. storage
“ it should be stored in well closed container
at cool place ”

36. Uses
• As dental product ( Desensitizing agent )
• Manufacturing of dental products

37. Zinc chloride
ZnCl2
Syn:- butter of zinc
MOP: by heating zinc with hydrochloric acid

38. Physical properties
• White Colored powder
• Odourless
• Tasteless
• Soluble in water,alcohol & glycerine
• Aqeuous sol” is acidic in nature

39. Uses
• As dental product ( Desensitizing agent )
• Manufacturing of dental products
• As a astringent
• Mild antiseptic
• In manufacturing of fire proof wood

40. storage
“ it should be stored in well closed container
at cool place ”