Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry -B Pharmacy First Year -First semester -PIC PPT 7-dental products.pptx

1. Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry
Lecture 7
Unit II
Dental products
 By Manjusha SK
 Associate professor

2. INTRODUCTION
 The teeth are accessory digestive organs.
 People use their teeth to bite and chew
food, the first step in the digestion of food.
 While we chew food, the tongue pushes the food to the teeth and saliva
helps digestion and wets the food.
 A number of inorganic compounds are used in maintaining the oral and
dental hygiene.
 Most of them are over the counter (OTC) products.
 Dental products include anticaries agents (dentifrices and fluoride salts),
polishing agents, and desensitizing agents.
 Dental hygiene has been considered as important since long.
 In order to maintain dental hygiene, numerous dental products are
available in the market.
 Numerous chemicals find use in their preparation as well as in dentistry.

3. Sodium fluoride
Properties:
 Physical properties: It is….
 white powder or as colourless crystal.
 odourless
 Soluble in water
 practically insoluble in alcohol.
 Chemical properties: It…….
 1. Sodium floride in aqueous solution hydrolyzes to give an alkaline reaction.
 NaF + H2O --------- HF + NaOH
Uses: It is…
 used as dental caries.
 Used to increase bone density & relive the pain with metabolic bone diseases
 Used as a component of few insecticides & rhodenticides.
 Used in preparation of tooth paste which constitutes about 75% of
sod.fluoride.

4. DENTAL CARIES OR
TOOTH DECAY:
 Dental caries or tooth decay is more or less a disease of the teeth caused
by acids produced by the action of microorganisms on carbohydrates.
 This disease is characterized by decalcification of tooth accompanied by
foul mouth odor.
 The exact cause and mechanism of dental caries is not known with
certainty. However, it is accepted that dental caries first of all starts on the
surface of the teeth.
 To prevent dental caries and to maintain clean and healthy teeth it
becomes necessary to use dentifrices.
 Primary function of dentifrices is to clean the accessible surface of the
teeth.
 Use of ammoniated tooth paste, urea ammonia containing powders,
antibiotic containing mixtures have been in use.

5. ROLE OF FLUORIDE IN
THE TREATMENT OF DENTAL CARIES:
 Role of fluoride in preventing dental caries has been well accepted.
 Administrations of traces of fluoride having salts or their use in topical use
to the teeth have been reported to give encouraging results.
 It is generally adequately obtained from food and water.
 In some parts of the world, ground water is totally lacking fluoride. In such
places occurrence of dental caries has been becoming in alarming
proportions.
 Addition of fluoride to the municipal water supply, known as fluoridation
(Note: not fluorination) is able to help in reducing and preventing dental
caries.
 When a fluoride having salt or solution is taken internally, it is readily
absorbed,transported and deposited in the bone or developing teeth and
remainder gets excreted by the kidneys.
 It is possible to administer fluoride by two routes (i) orally and (ii) topically.

6.  Cleaning Agent/Dentrifrices:
 It is apreparations used to clean the teeth and other parts of oral cavity
(gums) using a finger or a toothbrush.
 Dentifrices are responsible for removing plaque and debries.
 E.g. CaCO3 (Precipitated Chalk) Calcium carbonate,Dibasic Phosphate
 Ca3 (PO4 )2 – Tribasic Calcium Phosphate
 Sodium metaphosphate,Stronium chloride (SrCl2 .6H2 O)
 Pumice-It is a complex silicate of Al, P and Na

7. Calcium carbonate
Properties:
 Physical properties: It is….
 whitish or milky microcrystalline powder.
 odorless
 bitter in taste.
 It is stable in air
 practically insoluble in water and ethanol.
 Chemical properties: It…….
 neutralizes acid with effervescence.
 CaCO3 + 2HCl --------- CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
 Uses: It is…
 used for water treatment.
 used for the growth and maturation of the body like muscles, bones, teeth,
and organs due to presence of calcium.
 Used as antacid
 Used as dentifrices
 Used in tooth powder as polishing agent.
 Used in treatment of diarrhea.

8.  Desensiting Agent:
 Agent helps to reduce sensitivity of
teeth to heat and cold.
 E.g. Strontium chloride and Zinc chloride
 Zinc eugenol cement
 Zinc eugenol is the material prepared using mixture of zinc oxide,
eugenol and rosin.
 When acid base reaction occurs between zinc oxide & eugenol to form
zinc eugenol chelates and this reaction is get catalyzed by water
Uses: It is…
 used in dentistry as a filling or cement material.
 used as dental caries as a temporary filling .
 used during construction of complete dentures as an impression
material
 Used as anaesthetic and antimicrobial.
 Used to remove the pain in the conditions of dental pulp.
 used as antiseptic & local anesthetics due to eugenol.

9. THANK YOU