DEFORMITIES OF SPINE.pptx
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The spine is made up of 33 bones that allow the body to stand, bend, and twist while protecting the spinal cord. Abnormal curvatures of the spine can occur in the lumbar, thoracic, or side-to-side regions. Spine deformities are classified as congenital, present at birth, or degenerative, related to age and wear. Common congenital deformities include abnormal curvatures and twisting of the spine. Degenerative deformities arise from arthritis, osteoporosis, and previous spine surgeries. Diagnosis involves x-rays, CT scans, and MRIs while treatment includes physical therapy, nutrition, surgery such as decompression and fusion, and medical options like NSAIDs and
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This document discusses the anatomy of the spine, including spinal ligaments, curves, movements, and muscles. It notes that ligaments like the anterior longitudinal ligament connect vertebrae and help provide stability. The spine has four normal curves that develop during growth to support upright posture. Conditions can cause abnormal curvatures like lordosis, kyphosis, and scoliosis. The spine allows flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation. Muscles of the neck, back, and abdomen control these movements and maintain posture.
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Low back pain is usually caused by mechanical issues like lumbar spondylosis, herniated discs, or spinal stenosis. The lumbar spine consists of 5 vertebrae that are larger than other vertebrae to carry body weight. Between each vertebra is an intervertebral disc that acts as a shock absorber. Common causes of low back pain include lumbar spondylosis, herniated discs, and spinal stenosis. Lumbar spondylosis occurs from wear and tear on the joints between vertebrae and can cause pain from bone spurs and disc narrowing. Herniated discs occur when the gel-like center of a disc bulges out, pressing on nerves and causing pain. Spinal stenosis results
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What is the spine?
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The document describes the structure and function of the spine. It discusses the following key points:
- The spine consists of 33 vertebrae divided into 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 3-4 coccygeal vertebrae connected by intervertebral discs.
- The spine allows for six degrees of motion: flexion, extension, lateral bending, rotation, anterior/posterior shear, and compression/distraction.
- Deep segmental muscles like the multifidus control segmental motion while global muscles like the erector spinae produce motion across segments.
- Common faulty spinal postures include lordosis, kyphosis, scoliosis, sway back
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The document discusses the skeletal system, including its parts, functions, types of bones and joints. It describes several common diseases and conditions that affect the bones, joints and related structures, such as arthritis, tendonitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, osteoporosis, scoliosis, rickets, gout, acromegaly, spina bifida and clubfoot.
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Spine care program at Wockhardt Hospitals makes it a centre for excellence in neurology care with highly skilled clinical expertise
Our Hospitals provide cutting-edge diagnostic and operating facilities such as computerized navigation, imaging and treatment in orthopedics.
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The document discusses spine curvature disorders including lordosis, kyphosis, and scoliosis. It defines the conditions, describes common causes such as genetics and injuries, and outlines treatments which range from exercise and bracing for mild cases to surgery like spinal fusion or disc replacement for more severe curvatures. Diagnosis involves physical exams, imaging tests like x-rays, and measuring the degree of curvature.
Skeletal And Muscle Ppt
The skeletal system provides structure and support for the body. It includes bones like those in the spine, arms, legs, skull, and rib cage. Joints connect bones and allow movement, such as ball-and-socket joints in the shoulder and hip. Taking care of bones requires adequate calcium, vitamin D, and exercise. Problems can arise from injury, poor nutrition, or conditions like osteoporosis.
Biomechanics spine
Two adjacent vertebrae and the associated soft tissues are considered as the functional unit of the spine.
biomechanicsspine-190930195131 (12).pdf
This document provides information on the biomechanics of the human spine. It describes the basic structure of the spine, including the 33 vertebrae divided into 5 regions. It details the normal spinal curves, features of individual vertebrae and intervertebral disks. It discusses the articulations between vertebrae and the major spinal ligaments. It explains the kinetics of the spine in terms of the axial compression, bending, torsion and shear forces it experiences. It outlines the kinematics of spinal motion including flexion, extension, lateral flexion and coupled motions between regions.
Spine
1. Prolapsed intervertebral disc occurs when the gelatinous nucleus pulposus squeezes through the annulus fibrosus and bulges posteriorly or laterally, commonly compressing spinal nerves.
2. Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the spinal canal that results in cord or root compression. It is often caused by degenerative changes like osteophyte formation.
3. Spondylosis, or spinal osteoarthritis, involves degenerative changes in discs, facets, and joints that cause loss of normal spinal structure and function, commonly affecting the cervical, thoracic, or lumbar regions.
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The document summarizes key information about the human skeleton. It identifies 206 bones that make up the skeletal system and describes their basic functions of muscle attachment, movement, mineral storage, organ protection and shape. It distinguishes between the axial skeleton including the skull, spine and ribs, and the appendicular skeleton of the arms, legs and their attachments. Specific bones like the vertebrae and structure of long bones are examined. Factors like exercise, age and hormones that affect bone growth and risk of osteoporosis are also covered.
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DEFORMITIES OF SPINE.pptx
- 1. DEFORMITIESOF SPINE DR SAURABH AGRAWAL ASSITANT PROFESSOR DEPTT OF ORTHOPEDICS AIIMS UDAIPUR
- 2. The spine is made of 33 individual bones stacked one on top of the other. This spinal column provides the main support for your body, allowing you to stand upright, bend, and twist, while protecting the spinal cord from injury. Strong muscles and bones, flexible tendons and ligaments, and sensitive nerves contribute to a healthy spine.
- 4. • An abnormal curve of the lumbar spine is lordosis, also called sway back. • An abnormal curve of the thoracic spine is kyphosis, also called hunchback. • An abnormal curve from side-to-side is called scoliosis.
- 5. The two main muscle groups that affect the spine are extensors and flexors. The extensor muscles enable us to stand up and lift objects. The extensors are attached to the back of the spine. The flexor muscles are in the front and include the abdominal muscles. These muscles enable us to flex, or bend forward, and are important in lifting and controlling the arch in the lower back.
- 7. • a drum-shaped body designed to bear weight and withstand compression (purple) • an arch-shaped bone that protects the spinal cord (green) • star-shaped processes designed as outriggers for muscle attachment (tan)
- 9. Discs are made of a gel-filled center called the nucleus and a tough fibrous outer ring called the annulus. The annulus pulls the vertebrae bones together against the resistance of the gel-filled nucleus.
- 11. Up to 80% of experience back pain at some point. Vertebrae and disks can wear down with age, causing pain. Other conditions that affect spine health include: • Arthritic conditions, such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS). • Birth defects such as spina bifida. • Bone spurs (jagged edges on vertebrae that put pressure on the spinal cord and nerves). • Curvatures of the spine (scoliosis and kyphosis). • spinal stenosis. • Osteoporosis (weak bones). • Spine tumors and cancer. • Spine infections like meningitis and osteomyelitis.
- 12. DEFORMITY GROUPS • Congenital: present at birth • Degenerative: having to do with age-related wear-and-tear • Idiopathic: arising for unknown reasons
- 17. Physical signs of congenital spine deformities include: • Abnormal curvature or twisting in the back, to either side, forward or backward • Uneven shoulders, waistline, hips or legs • Tilted pelvis • Difficulty walking • Difficulty breathing
- 18. BOSTON BRACE
- 20. Tethered spinal cord Tethered spinal cord is a neurological condition that stretches the spinal cord like a rubber band. This happens when abnormal tissue attachments limit the movement of the spinal cord. A number of conditions may cause this, but it is closely related to spina bifida (myelomeningocele) abnormal fat in the spinal cord(lipomyelomeningocele) In some cases, tethered spinal cord is related to a tighter than normal connection (the filum terminale) between the spinal cord and the tailbone.
- 23. • Arthritis from degenerative discs and facet joint syndrome, resulting in the loss of normal vertebral alignment (Fig. 3). • Osteoporosis (loss of bone mass) and vertebral compression fractures. • Previous spine surgery (adjacent level disease). The passage of time after a spine surgery is a leading cause of spinal deformity.
- 24. DIAGNOSIS X-rays Computed Tomography (CT) scan Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- 25. TREATMENT PHYSICALTHERAPY NUTRITION SURGICALTREATMENT: DECOMPRESSION FUSION FIXATION MEDICALTREATMENT: NSAIDS STEROIDS EPIDURAL INJECTION
- 26. THANKS