Keynote presentation by Dean Bubley of Disruptive Analysis at the June 2019 In-Building Wireless Congress in Las Vegas. Covers the challenges of new wireless use-cases, enterprise/private cellular networks, 5G, WiFi, IoT connectivity, Neutral Host network and new spectrum bands

1. In-Building Network Convergence:
Flexibility is key, in an Unpredictable World
Dean Bubley, Disruptive Analysis
In-Building Wireless Congress, Las Vegas, June 2019
dean.bubley@disruptive-analysis.com @disruptivedean
Image credits: Pixabay.com / Dean Bubley

2. Dean Bubley & Disruptive Analysis
◼ Tech/telecom analyst & strategic consulting since 1991
◼ Futurism, Forecasting, Anti-Forecasting, Policy
◼ Cross-silo, contrarian, independent
◼ Often provocative. Sometimes obscure. Occasionally wrong.
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019June 2019
Network Tech, Policy
& Business Models
Communications
Apps & Services
Telecom-Futurism
Industry Analyst
Papers & Reports

3. Predicting “unknown” indoor wireless trends, c2006
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019June 2019

4. Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019
June 2019
bpd
bps
Gbps
10m
Non-
critical
Function-
critical
90%
99%
99.9%
Rural
Unlicensed
Spectrum
3D
Coverage
Bandwidth
Kbps
Importance
Business-
critical
Safety-
critical
Range
<1m
Mbps
And also:
Latency / TSN
Power source
Socioeconomic
Geopolitical
Security model
Mobility
Integration
Bi-directional
Protocols
Lobbying power
1km
>10km
100m
4G / 5G / LPWA / Satellite
/ TVWS / .11ah
Wi-Fi 5, 6, 7, ay
Biz Model
CSP
Private
Amenity
Community
Decentralised
Indoor
Many dimensions for future wireless
Shared
Secondary
Local
Exclusive
Licenses
Sensed
National
Dynamic

5. The 5G era brings new use-cases, devices & places
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019March 2019
AR & VR Service areas Automation & Robots Machine Vision & AI
Life-Critical Systems Multi-Carrier Devices Voids & Stairwells Exterior & Metalwork

6. Enterprise & indoor use-cases: various requirements
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019June 2019
Public MNO indoor coverage (or offload)
Use of DAS, small cells, WiFi for indoor
coverage of MNO mobile broadband services
Local / Guest IT LAN & Internet access
Mostly Wi-Fi for accessing cloud/web/compute
Local IoT (static)
Various techs for sensors, other fixed IoT
Mix of Wi-Fi, BT, LoRa, NBIoT etc
Local IoT (mobile)
Devices that move or need indoor/outdoor coverage
Local OT (operational / critical / industrial)
Very high reliability / low latency / deterministic
Local voice / comms
Walkie-talkies, 2-way radio etc
Edge

7. 2019 – Enterprise / indoor networks today
Wi-Fi Public 4G/5G Private 4G/5G Other
MNO indoor coverage /
offload (esp phones)
Local IT/Internet LAN
(laptops, phones etc)
Fibre, ethernet
Local IoT (static) BLE, Zigbee,
ethernet
Local IoT (moving) Niche wireless
Local OT (industrial) Fibre, niche
wireless
Local voice radio P25, TETRA, DECT
Sector-specific uses
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019June 2019
Ubiquitous Common Rare Very rare
Market adoption
today
Current focus of indoor
cellular / small-cells

8. “Knowns”: three major trends driving indoor cellular
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019June 2019
4G > 5G Small cells
New
(local)
spectrum
models
Also:
IoT importance
Edge computing
Wholesale regulation
Public safety
2-way radio EoL
Verticals’ needs
WiFi limits (eg mobility)
New applications &
opportunities for indoor,
private & enterprise
wireless
Mostly being
deployed outdoors &
by indoor neutral-
host for MNOs
3.5GHz, mmWave,
bad for outdoor-to-
indoor coverage
Allowing enterprises to
build private networks, or
new shared/neutral SPs

9. 5G: framing the expectations
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019April 2019
Enhanced
Mobile
Broadband
Low-
Latency
IoT
Massive
M2M / IoT
Enhanced
Mobile
Broadband Ultra
low-
latency
IoT
Fixed
Access
2020
2018-9 2019-2X 2021-2X
Verticals
Early 5G Maturing 5G 6G
Massive
M2M /
IoT
Fake 5G
NB-LTE or
NB-NR?
4G
Dominant
4G Primary
5G Islands
5G Primary
4G Fallback
5G
Dominant

10. 5G brings changes in spectrum & adjacent technologies
High / mmWave Bands
8, 24, 26, 28, 37, 39, 90+ GHz mostly TDD
+Wi-Fi 60GHz
Mid Bands (inc. C-Band)
2.1-2.6, 3.4-4.2, 5-6GHz (FDD + TDD)
licensed, shared & unlicensed, + 6GHz Wi-Fi
Low Bands
450MHz-1900MHz
Enhancements
Massive MIMO
CBRS (4G+)
Beamforming
Multipoint
Mobility
AI in RAN
Slicing
Carrier Aggregation
Edge / MEC
CRAN / vRAN
O-RAN / XRAN
Open Source 5G
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019June 2019

11. New indoor/enterprise-centric spectrum models & bands
Potentially relevant near-term
◼ US CBRS (class A & B)
◼ MulteFire / 5G-U (no devices yet)
 5GHz, 2.4GHz, 1.9GHz (Japan)
◼ mmWave
 Licensed, esp. 24 / 28 / 32 / 39 GHz
 Unlicensed 60GHz (Wi-Fi & maybe 5G)
◼ 6GHz (probably unlicensed)
◼ Germany 3.7-3.8GHz (industrial)
◼ UK proposed local 50m radius
licenses at 1.8GHz & 2.3GHz
Macro / outdoor / longer term
◼ LTE-U / LAA
◼ Dutch 3.5GHz
◼ France 2.6GHz (TETRA replacement)
◼ Japan mmWave / China etc
◼ UK (& maybe US) 3.8-4.2GHz C-band
◼ Other countries may follow Germany
◼ Indoor-only licences (eg UK 26GHz)
◼ Unexpected / random bands eg 8GHz
◼ Future harmonisation / WRCs?
◼ 6G starting 2026 onwards
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019June 2019

12. Wi-Fi is here to stay… but faces some challenges
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019June 2019

13. Wi-Fi Competitiveness Scorecard vs. alternative networks
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019June 2019
ProblematicOptimal
ProblematicOptimal
ProblematicOptimal
ProblematicOptimal
ProblematicOptimal
In-Home
Office
Public
Industrial
Outdoors
& mobile
Wi-Fi: whole home
Wi-Fi: poor logonWi-Fi: easy logon
Wi-Fi: single AP
Wi-Fi: enterprise
Wi-Fi: general Wi-Fi: safety critical
Wi-Fi: limited
4G/5G flat-rate
4G flat-rate
4G metered
4G metered
Fibre / Niche 4G private
4G MBB 4G NB-IoT
Wired Ethernet Indoor 4G/5G
Satellite
?
Private 5G
+TSN?
5G MBB

14. Options for IoT / enterprise / private networks
Private
Wi-Fi &
LPWAN
Enterprise-
focused
MVNO
Enterprise
own MVNO
MNO
custom
network
slice
MNO 3rd
party
network
slice
SliceaaS
Enterprise /
vertical
private core
network
3rd-party
Neutral
Host
mobile
network
Enterprise
private
mobile
network
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019June 2019
Plus many hybrids & variations (eg spectrum /
asset ownership, outsourcing)
Voice /
UC
centric
IoT
centric
Each enterprise model will have its own complexities & costs

15. Private cellular just at large sites? Or offices / MDUs too?
◼ Most enterprise private cellular use-cases today are for “non-carpeted” sites
 Ports, airports, mines, oil & gas
 Factories, hospitals, warehouses
◼ Mostly driven by IoT / OT requirements, or wide-area & mobility
 Clear ROI from internal business functions (eg asset tracking, flexible manufacturing etc)
 Usually part of a broader systems-integration project for automation robotics etc
◼ Still also expectation of Wi-Fi for normal guest IT / Internet access
 Also indoor MNO coverage for smartphones etc
◼ Private cellular in offices / hotels / MDUs / retail still very early
 Focus on Neutral Host offering MNO coverage-as-a-service first
 Little history of historic DAS installations (often too small)
 Limited skill to deploy / manage cellular networks (core, SIMs, etc)
 Complex tenancy / landlord / property developer value chains
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019June 2019

16. Many “moving parts” to create private 4G/5G networks
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019October 2018
Shared &
Unlicensed
Spectrum
IoT / MVNO
/ MVNE /
Slicing
platformsSmall
Cells,
WiFi,MEC,
DAS,
cabling
eSIM &
RSP
Virtualised
Core /
Transport
Network
Cloud OSS
/ BSS
Number
ranges &
MNCs
Roaming &
Inter-
connect
Devices &
chipsets
Voice, PTT,
video,
messaging
Physical
design,
integrate &
build

17. Unknowns around 5G in-building mean flexibility is essential
Future knowns
◼ More devices & device types
◼ Gbps throughputs per device
◼ Multiple 5G bands & MIMO
◼ 2G-4G, WiFi4-6, BT, others
◼ Multi-carrier indoor requirements
◼ Lower e2e latency requirements
◼ More network stakeholders
◼ Vertical sector customisation
Future unknowns & possibilities
◼ mmWave realities (eg line-of-sight)
◼ In-building QoS visibility & control
◼ Extent of private 5G deployment
◼ Adoption of C-RAN / O-RAN etc
◼ Spectrum licensing / sharing models
◼ Ethernet / mobile / Wi-Fi convergence
◼ Edge computing locations
◼ Wholesale / government networks
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019June 2019
…but deeper fibre deployment within buildings will be needed, whatever happens

18. Network convergence will occur in many stages / domains
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2018May 2018
In-
Bldg
DAS
Enter-
prise
LAN
Biz /
Guest
Wi-Fi
Indoor
small
cells
Critical
Comm
& IoT
3G
macro
ntwk
DAS
LAN
Wi-Fi
4G
small
cells
Critical
Comm
& IoT
4G
Macro
DAS
Opti-
cal
LAN
WiFi
5G
small
cells
Critical
Comm
& IoT
5G C-
RAN
LPWA,
BT etc

19. Whose network?
What technology?
Which spectrum?

20. Tech innovations take telecoms in 2 opposing directions
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2019June 2019
Centralise,
Optimise
Monetise
Federate
Regulate
Proscriptive
Democratise
Hybridise
Commoditise
Decentralise
Arbitrage
Flexibility
Network access
Voice calls & messages
Devices & OSs
Music & video content
Social networking
AI & Analytics
Banking / payments
Identity
Cloud & edge
IoT & verticals

21. www.deanbubley.com
disruptivewireless.blogspot.com
@disruptivedean
https://www.linkedin.com/in/deanbubley/
https://soundcloud.com/user-521594836
information@disruptive-analysis.com
Skype:disruptiveanalysis
Copyright Disruptive Analysis Ltd 2017June 2019