This document analyzes commercial vehicle loan pools in India. It finds that:
1) Pools with greater non-commercial vehicle exposure (>40%) and higher weighted average seasoning tend to have better collection efficiency and lower credit enhancement.
2) Collection efficiencies have declined each year from 2008-2012 for all originators' pools. AU Finance pools have the lowest cumulative collection efficiency.
3) For AU Finance pools specifically, shorter tenures (<3 years) and higher weighted average seasoning (>3 months) correlate with better average collection efficiency. Pools containing CV, auto and tractor loans have the lowest efficiency.
4) Across all originators, the originator is found to have a greater impact on
Commercial Vehicle industry in India has contributed significantly in the growth of national economy. Check out this presentation to know more about this industry and its future endeavours in India.
Presentation on two wheeler industry with different 4 major players of this industry and analysis of PEST,SWOT & STP about industry and also about 4 players.
Commercial Vehicle industry in India has contributed significantly in the growth of national economy. Check out this presentation to know more about this industry and its future endeavours in India.
Presentation on two wheeler industry with different 4 major players of this industry and analysis of PEST,SWOT & STP about industry and also about 4 players.
Two-Wheeler Market, Consumer Behaviour And Marketing StrategiesViraj Hegde
Analytical Study Of Two-Wheeler Market, Consumer Behaviour And Marketing Strategies (Sample Space: - Pimpri-Chinchwad) for BBA
- Conduct Field Surveys by selecting a sample size & space of two-wheeler users
- Study primary and secondary data sources to understand consumer psychology
- Detailed Analysis of the data collected
- Examining existing and forecasting future marketing trends that would influence the two-wheeler buyers
The presentation consists of the 5 modern trends in automobile sector. The history, working, and recent development of these trends are discussed in the presentation along with the images which help in understanding.
Indian auto industry contributes approx 7.1% o the GDP of India. 31% of the small cars sold globally were manufactured in India (FY 2014-15). With approx. 20 million vehicles sold annually- auto industry has a great potential to engine Make In India. The presentation discusses about the market size, advantage, growth drivers, key segments , FDI & opportunities for Indian MSMEs in this sector.
This slide is about the type of hybrid vehicle available in the market along with the case study of some hybrid cars. It is prepared from the study paper - presented at the SAE Research Paper competition, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University. The Research Paper on the above topic which is renamed as "Hybrid Vehicle: A Study on Technology" is published at http://www.ijert.org/view.php?id=12126&title=hybrid-vehicle-a-study-on-technology.
A conspectus on electric vehicle in indiaParth Pandya
Alarming circumstance of global warming boost on the earth generated awareness that, time has come to quick track and catalyzes cleaner, greener urban mobility and this can be a lightning-bar towards an essential change which is as of now seeing development in electric vehicles worldwide and government strategies activating speculations by significant vehicle organizations. India is one of the significant markets for vehicle industry yet at the same time it is far from this idea. This paper discusses various aspects of electrical vehicles in record with Indian market, its issues, support, inspiration and future scope.
Framework for Estimating the Capital Against Event RiskIFMR
Events like natural disasters can impact the performance of a credit portfolio. However, the relation between the event occurrence and the eventual portfolio loss is a complex one. In this presentation Vaibhav Anand talks about an initial framework to estimate the potential loss due to natural disasters.
Indian commercial vehicle report october 2016atulchandel2010
Positive impact on Eicher, Ashok Leyland, and Tata Motors performance due to demand increased, New Model launch and actual purchase started by Transporters.
Some sluggish demand for freight movements also impact on CV Industry
Exact GST format on CVs of tax structure and its implementation time frame is still undisclosed
ACG expect CV sales to pick-up in Q3 FY 2017 and outlook for the M&HCV (Truck) segment at 6-8% for FY 2017
Due to fluctuation in fuel price, there is some minor impact on TCO of CV vehicle
Two-Wheeler Market, Consumer Behaviour And Marketing StrategiesViraj Hegde
Analytical Study Of Two-Wheeler Market, Consumer Behaviour And Marketing Strategies (Sample Space: - Pimpri-Chinchwad) for BBA
- Conduct Field Surveys by selecting a sample size & space of two-wheeler users
- Study primary and secondary data sources to understand consumer psychology
- Detailed Analysis of the data collected
- Examining existing and forecasting future marketing trends that would influence the two-wheeler buyers
The presentation consists of the 5 modern trends in automobile sector. The history, working, and recent development of these trends are discussed in the presentation along with the images which help in understanding.
Indian auto industry contributes approx 7.1% o the GDP of India. 31% of the small cars sold globally were manufactured in India (FY 2014-15). With approx. 20 million vehicles sold annually- auto industry has a great potential to engine Make In India. The presentation discusses about the market size, advantage, growth drivers, key segments , FDI & opportunities for Indian MSMEs in this sector.
This slide is about the type of hybrid vehicle available in the market along with the case study of some hybrid cars. It is prepared from the study paper - presented at the SAE Research Paper competition, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University. The Research Paper on the above topic which is renamed as "Hybrid Vehicle: A Study on Technology" is published at http://www.ijert.org/view.php?id=12126&title=hybrid-vehicle-a-study-on-technology.
A conspectus on electric vehicle in indiaParth Pandya
Alarming circumstance of global warming boost on the earth generated awareness that, time has come to quick track and catalyzes cleaner, greener urban mobility and this can be a lightning-bar towards an essential change which is as of now seeing development in electric vehicles worldwide and government strategies activating speculations by significant vehicle organizations. India is one of the significant markets for vehicle industry yet at the same time it is far from this idea. This paper discusses various aspects of electrical vehicles in record with Indian market, its issues, support, inspiration and future scope.
Framework for Estimating the Capital Against Event RiskIFMR
Events like natural disasters can impact the performance of a credit portfolio. However, the relation between the event occurrence and the eventual portfolio loss is a complex one. In this presentation Vaibhav Anand talks about an initial framework to estimate the potential loss due to natural disasters.
Indian commercial vehicle report october 2016atulchandel2010
Positive impact on Eicher, Ashok Leyland, and Tata Motors performance due to demand increased, New Model launch and actual purchase started by Transporters.
Some sluggish demand for freight movements also impact on CV Industry
Exact GST format on CVs of tax structure and its implementation time frame is still undisclosed
ACG expect CV sales to pick-up in Q3 FY 2017 and outlook for the M&HCV (Truck) segment at 6-8% for FY 2017
Due to fluctuation in fuel price, there is some minor impact on TCO of CV vehicle
Credit Appraisal System IN Commercial Vehicle loans Undertaken at INDIA INFOL...Danish Dhaar
Summer Training Project Report on
Credit Appraisal System IN Commercial Vehicle loans
Undertaken at
INDIA INFOLINE FINANCE LTD
Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for the Award of the Degree of
Master of Business Administration
By
Danish Showkat Dhar
Roll No.14036113030
Reg. No.:-29437-IC-2011
Under The Supervision of
MR. Sachin Gupta
(AVP: CREDIT & OPS)
INDIA INFOLINE FINANCE LTD
DEPT. OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
SOUTH CAMPUS UNIVERSITY OF KASHMIR
ANANTNAG
M&M complete analysis done in the year 2013, from july 2013-october 2013 with the help of our respective college staff. Special thanks to the Dean Prof. Bhattacharjee & visiting faculty prof. Abhay Srivastava.
Commercial auto insurance is very important for all businesses that use some kind of commercial vehicle for their business. This particular insurance can be very helpful in protecting the business from severe financial losses in case of an accident where the driver is at fault.
3PLs are a virtually perfect competitive business model. With highly variable costs to revenue, it is challenging to make a 3PL company thrive. Here is some research we have done with Lean Transit to achieve remarkable progress towards making 3PLs more profitable.
Statistical Process ControlAgendaIntroductionNumber of.docxsusanschei
Statistical Process Control
Agenda
Introduction
Number of Ford Focus sold
Number of Ford Focus recalled
Summary and Recommendations
References
2
Introduction
Statistical Process Control
Method used for quality control
Ford Focus transmission problems
Statistical Process Control is a process that is used for quality control of a item. It monitors and control any process to ensure operations are at the full potential. In this case, Ford has been having many transmission issues with the Focus since 2012.
3
Number of Ford Focus sold
I Chart represents 1k units per month for last 40 months
Second chart: Yearly sales
Sales decreased by 89,133
Sales for the Focus have been on a rollercoaster ride since December 2015. When you observe the yearly sales you can see this vehicle has been on a rapid decline in sales.
4
I Control Chart
Sample Means1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394011131919161719141211991010131413171516131210131171216131611997544721UCL1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394015.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.45277698908495615.452776989084956Mean1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394011.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.47511.475LCL123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839407.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.4972230109150447.497223010915044
Time Point
Thousand Per Month Value
Equipped cars with new shifting transmission (bad concept)
First year 3,469 reported.
Process wind tunnel - A novel capability for data-driven business process imp...Sudhendu Rai
A talk I gave recently on data-driven process improvement methodology and techniques with applications and results from insurance and finance processes
Really this presentation address the performance of airline - how to forecast and know the LOAD FACTOR. in trems of ASK and RPK. case study is LH group. hope to enjoy !!!!!
Five business Units that Icelandair addressing in their reports , Mainly
1- International Flights,
2- Regional And Greenland Flights,
3- Charter Flights,
4- Cargo,
5- Hotels,
- Four are analyzed while Charter Flights is not (as no seasonality patterned ).
- The analysis is concentrated on the main KPIs as PAX, ASKs, L/F,. ATKs, FTKs, and Room Utilizations.
- So most of airlines working on a clear objectives and that’s come with clear targets which lead us to set a clear picture of forecasting process.
- Based on that, our objective is to develop a clear message for top managements for the key performance figures of the airline, not just to compare month by month approach but to develop the right path ( time series ) in the future to set the right targets which consequently develop K.P. I for the airlines
Supply Chain Metrics That Matter: The Cash-to-Cash Cycle 30 NOV 2012Lora Cecere
When it comes to supply chain, no two industries are the same; but, improving Cash-to-Cash cycle (C2C) metrics matters across all industries. With over a decade of investment in technology and process improvements, we can now assess progress. In this report, we examine the financial data in three time frames:
2000-2003 Dawn of Business-to-Business (B2B) commerce and Global Connectivity
2004-2007 Pre-recession
2008-2011 Post-recession
The health of the supply chain can be quickly assessed through the analysis of the C2C metric. It is a composite metric that combines decisions on receivables, payables and inventory management. Overall, while supply chain leaders have focused on the reduction of C2C cycles, little progress has been made. For most, despite a decade of investments in channel connectivity and supply chain optimization, there is limited progress on receivables and inventory. Instead, we find that the most mature companies have turned to increasing Days of Payables in an effort to reduce C2C. This can be detrimental to the overall health of the supply chain.
Over the last fifteen years, the only industry that has shown dramatic and continuous improvement in reducing C2C cycles is high-tech and electronics. While there are slight improvements in consumer packaged goods (CPG) and chemical supply chains, the results in pharmaceutical and automotive are much worse. While many supply chain professionals may claim that the changes in the supply chain—offshoring of manufacturing, cost of capital, increasing product complexity and decreasing product life cycle—are reasons that there was not more progress, the interesting fact is that the industry that had the greatest obstacles made the most progress. The reason? We believe it mattered more in the high-tech industry. With short life cycles and declining margins over the course of the product life cycle, it is just too expensive for a high-tech company to neglect inventory management. As a result, the high-tech and electronics industry has developed better and more comprehensive planning processes overall.
In this report, we share insights on the trends in five industries: automotive, high-tech and electronics, chemical, CPG and pharmaceutical. The data supports three facts:
SCOR uma realidade em Logística. O modelo de pratica de negócio mais atualizado produzido de forma colaborativa por grandes empresas do mercado internacioal e organizado pelo SCC Supply Chain Council.
Working Capital Management Practice and its Impact on Chemical Industry Per...Jahid Khan Rahat
Working capital management is a crucial aspect of financial management for any business,
including the chemical industry in Bangladesh. Effective management of working capital helps ensure that a company has the necessary liquidity to meet its short-term obligations and pursue
its growth objectives.
In the chemical industry, working capital management practices can have a significant impact
on the performance of firms. This is because the industry is characterized by high fixed costs,
long production cycles, and a high degree of inventory and accounts receivable. Therefore,
effective management of working capital can lead to improved profitability, increased
efficiency, and better cash flow management.
In Bangladesh, the chemical industry is an important sector of the economy, contributing
significantly to industrial growth and employment. The sector has experienced rapid expansion
in recent years, with new entrants and increased competition. However, many firms in the
industry face challenges related to working capital management, including inadequate financing options, high inventory levels, and slow collections from customers.
To address these challenges, chemical firms in Bangladesh can adopt several working capital
management practices, such as optimizing inventory levels, improving collections from
customers, and negotiating better payment terms with suppliers. These practices can help improve the cash conversion cycle and increase the firm's liquidity, which can lead to improved
financial performance.
In addition, chemical firms can also leverage technology and automation to improve their
working capital management practices. For instance, they can use software to monitor inventory levels and streamline the collection process, reducing the risk of inventory stockouts
and late payments from customers.
Overall, effective working capital management is essential for the success of chemical firms in
Bangladesh. By adopting best practices and leveraging technology, firms can improve their financial performance and maintain a competitive edge in the market.
Revenue Assurance Industry Update - Webinar by Dr. Gadi Solotorevsky, cVidya'...cVidya Networks
The Revenue Assurance arena is going through significant changes. To learn more, see this webinar presentation by Dr. Gadi Solotorevsky, cVidya’s CTO and Chair of the Revenue Assurance Modeling Team of the TM Forum. Find out more about those changes, the reasons behind them, and how they come into play in the daily activities of Revenue Assurance departments.
For more information on revenue assurance: http://www.cvidya.com/
What are the most important economic ideologies? How did they originate? Who were the theorists behind them? And how did these ideas evolve? In this Spark session, Ravi traces the history of economic thought from seventeenth century onwards to provide a context to the current fractious economic policy debates and how one amongst these ideas will define our future.
We often dismiss stories, saying "anecdotes aren't data," but data enriched with anecdotes can be far more effective than just data in changing minds and getting people to pay attention. In this Spark session Amy Jensen Mowl & Vaishnavi Prathap highlight a few examples where just adding some narrative elements to data can have a big impact in overall communication.
How much can asset portfolios of rural households benefit from formal financi...IFMR
Vishnu Prasad & Rachit Khaitan talk about their research paper “How much can asset portfolios of rural households benefit from formal financial services?” This paper is a systematic attempt to quantify the benefits of financial inclusion and capital markets access using tools of modern finance.
In this Spark session Ravi Saraogi talks about why estimating default risk in fund structures can be a challenging task. He presents on how this process has evolved over the years and the current methodologies for assessing such risks.
IFMR Track presented by Ms. Bindu Ananth, President, IFMR Trust, on New Financial Instruments for Social Enterprises at Khemka Forum on Social Entrepreneurship.
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
1. Elemental Economics - Introduction to mining.pdfNeal Brewster
After this first you should: Understand the nature of mining; have an awareness of the industry’s boundaries, corporate structure and size; appreciation the complex motivations and objectives of the industries’ various participants; know how mineral reserves are defined and estimated, and how they evolve over time.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
How to get verified on Coinbase Account?_.docxBuy bitget
t's important to note that buying verified Coinbase accounts is not recommended and may violate Coinbase's terms of service. Instead of searching to "buy verified Coinbase accounts," follow the proper steps to verify your own account to ensure compliance and security.
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
2. Contents
Commercial Vehicles – An Overview
Objective of the Analysis
Preliminary Analysis of CV Pools – All Originators
Preliminary Analysis of CV Pools – Only AU Financiers Ltd.
Detailed Analysis of CV Pools – All Originators
Market Outlook
Conclusion
4. Commercial Vehicles
What is a Commercial Vehicle (CV)?
A Commercial vehicle is a type of motor vehicle that may be used for transporting goods or passenger.
Importance on CV Industry in India
Trucks can access remote and hilly areas where rail lines cannot be constructed.
The CV industry enables quick, easy departure of goods and accepts smaller loads than railways.
The industry has captured short-haul goods transport and a major chunk of long-haul goods transport where quick delivery
from railways is essential.
Major Classification of CV Industry
Light Commercial Vehicle (LCV) – Goods & Carriage Vehicle with light capacity with Minimum Permissible Capacity (MPC)
of 7 – 11 tons
Medium Commercial Vehicle (MCV) – Single Axle Vehicle used mainly for the carriage of perishable goods with MPC of 16
tons of Mass
Heavy Commercial Vehicle (HCV) – Dingle Axle Vehicle used mainly for the carriage of non-perishable goods with MPC of
17 to 25 tons of Mass
Major CV Financiers in India
Cholamandalam Finance, Sundaram Finance, AU Finance, Shriram Transport Finance, Magma, L&T, M&M, Religare, Tata
Motors, Reliance
6. Objectives
Identify the factors which significantly affect the pool performance (delinquencies)
Illustrate the way in which these factors affect the delinquencies
8. Data Used – An Overview
Securitized CV pool details from the Pool Performance reports (Sep’12) of Rating Agencies (CARE, ICRA and CRISIL)
Total number of Transactions (Data Points)
-
190
Period of Transactions
-
2008-2012
Number of Originators
-
16
Major Originators used for Analysis
Shriram
-
58 Transactions
Magma
-
34 Transactions
AU
-
21 Transactions
Tata Motors
-
18 Transactions
Sundaram
-
13 Transactions
Religare
-
12 Transactions
Reliance Cap
-
9 Transactions
9. Collection Details & Methodology Used
Parameters Collected for Analysis:
Transaction Details
: Transaction month, Transaction Name, Originator, Transaction Structure,
Type of Transaction, Rating Assigned for Seniors and Junior
Initial Pool Details
: Pool Principal, Pool Composition, Credit Enhancement (% of Initial POS),
EIS (% of Initial POS)
Pool Performance Details
: Cumulative Collection Efficiency (CCE)
Methodology Used:
Collection of data from the Pool Performance (Sep’ 12) reports of Rating Agencies
Identification of factors, which are to be used for the analysis of transactions
Regression Analysis of these factors with respect Sep’12 CCE and Scatter plots to capture trends
Observe the significance level of factors which affects CCE
10. Findings from Preliminary Analysis of CV Pools (All Originators)
Pools having greater NCV Exposure (>40%) tend to
have better collection efficiency and lower credit
Enhancement (Figure 1)
Cumulative Collection Efficiencies of transactions are
continuously declining with respect to the year of
transactions during 2008-2012 (Figure 2)
Au pools seems to have the lowest CCE when
compared to its competitors in CV Industry (Figure 3)
CCE by year of securitization
60
52
Figure 1
100%
52
99%
50
98%
40
28
30
28
96%
20
10
97%
95%
94%
2
0
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Originators and CV Analysis
93%
2008
2009
2010
Total Transaction
2011
2012
Year Collection Efficiency
No. of securities
WCE
Figure 3
Figure 2
100%
98%
96%
94%
92%
90%
88%
12. Data & Methodology Used
Data Used:
Securitized CV pool details from the Pool Performance reports (Sep’12) of Rating Agencies (CARE, ICRA and CRISIL)
Total number of Transactions (Data Points)
-
21
Period of Transactions
-
2010-2012
Parameters Collected for Analysis:
Transaction Details
: Transaction month, Transaction Name, Originator, Transaction Structure,
Type of Transaction, Rating Assigned for Seniors and Junior
Initial Pool Details
: Pool Principal, Pool Composition, Credit Enhancement (% of Initial POS), EIS (% of
Initial POS), Weighted Average Seasoning (Months), Tenure (Years)
Pool Performance Details
: Cumulative Collection Efficiency (CCE)
Methodology Used:
Collection of data from the Pool Performance reports of Rating Agencies & Identification of factors, which are to be used for
the analysis of transactions
Single & Multiple Regression of these factors with CCE, Scatter plots for trend capture
Observe the significance level of factors affecting the delinquencies
13. Findings from Preliminary Analysis of CV Pools (AU Only)
Average CCE is better for the pools with Short Tenure
(<3 years) and High WAS (> 3months)
Average CCE is the lowest (around 92%) when the pool
mix is CV,AUTO and Tractors when compared to other
mixes
Average CCE, with respect to CV and Auto mix, is
ranging around 94%.
*CI in Figure 1 & 2 represent Confidence Interval
Figure 2
Figure 1
15. Data Used – An Overview
Securitized CV pool details from the Pool Performance reports (from Jun’ 08 to Dec’12) of Rating Agencies (CARE, ICRA
and CRISIL)
Total number of Transactions (Data Points)
-
194
Period of Transactions
-
2008-2012
Number of Originators
-
14
Quarterly data is collected for Cumulative Collection Efficiency and Quarterly Average Collection, starting from the first data
to the latest one available.
Major Originators used for Analysis
Shriram
-
58 Transactions
Magma
-
34 Transactions
AU
-
21 Transactions
Tata Motors
-
18 Transactions
Sundaram
-
13 Transactions
Religare
-
12 Transactions
Reliance Cap
-
9 Transactions
16. Collection Details & Methodology Used
Parameters Collected for Analysis:
Transaction Details
: Transaction month, Transaction Name, Originator, Transaction Structure,
Type of Transaction, Rating Assigned for Seniors and Junior
Initial Pool Details
: Pool Principal, Pool Composition, Credit Enhancement (% of Initial POS), EIS (% of
Initial POS), Weighted Average Seasoning (Months), Average Loan to Value, Average
Loan Size
Pool Performance Details
: Cumulative Collection Efficiency (CCE), Quarterly Average Collection, 90+ & 180+
Delinquency Loss
Methodology Used:
Collection of data from the Pool Performance reports of Rating Agencies & Identification of factors, which are to be used for
the analysis of transactions
Single & Multiple Regression of these factors with 90+ and 180+ delinquencies
Observe the significance level of factors affecting the delinquencies
17. Findings from Detailed Analysis of CV Pools (All Originators)
In the transactions, Originators have greater impact on
delinquencies than the other parameters (Figure 1)
None of the other pool parameters are found to have
significant impact on the pool performance in multiple
regression (Figure 1)
Individual regression results suggest that more % of
NCV (less % of UCV), high Weighted Average
Seasoning and high Loan Size have positive impact on
delinquencies (Figure 2)
Figure 1 – Multiple Regression with 180+ Delinquency
Figure 2 – Individual Regression with 180+ &
90+ Delinquency
18. Limitations & Future Works
Limitations
Data Collected for only those transactions that are done after June 2008.
Reporting format was not uniform across all the rating agencies.
Inferences are based on small sample size.
Future Works
Time Series analysis of Delinquencies and Cumulative Collection Efficiency of earlier transactions to date and also from the
perspective of an originators can be done
All the originators should be analysed according to the individual assets of the pools (type of underlying vehicles).
Analysis of relation between the closely related independent factors viz. Loan size and % of NCV so as to figure out that
which of the two factors actually impacts the performance
Comparing the rating rationales, for similar rated transaction with different credit enhancement or vice versa, more deeply to
understand the factors seen by rating agencies
20. Recent Study by ICRA
Asset Quality of CV
90+ DPD 6.8% and 180+ DPD 3.8%
UCV –
NCV -
90+ DPD 6.2% and 180+ DPD 1.5%
Macro-Economic Indicators
Correlation between GDP vs. 90+ DPD = -83% (-91% with three months lag of 90+dpd)
Correlation between IIP vs. 90+ DPD = -91%
Portfolio Analysis
TN & Maharashtra contributed around 35% of total disbursement
MHCV weaker performance than other asset classes
High Tenure Contract (3 Years) showed weaker performance
Contracts originated in Orissa and Goa is affected a lot because of Mining Issues
In FY13, Average Tenure is 43 months
Contracts with higher interest rates performed weakly
Repossession Loss
37% in New LCV and 39% in New MHCV
Loss due to repossession in UCV is slightly lower than New CV’s (Probably because of Lower LTV)
Repossession Rates in FY13 is ranging around 30-50%
Resale Value is reduced by 10-20% due to demand decline and discount on new vehicles
22. Concluding Remarks
Originators play an important role compared to other parameters when it comes to the
performance of CV Pools.
Also, with fair degree of confidence, it can be said following parameters have an
impact in a pool’s performance
% of NCV Exposure
Weighted Average Seasoning
Tenure of the pool
Loan Size (May be correlated with other factors like % of NCV)
GDP and IIP are the major indicators of CV industry
LCV - Safer bet than MCVs and HCVs