This document discusses microcredit initiatives in India that have served over 54 million rural and urban poor clients. It notes that microcredit in India began with the Self Help Group Bank Linkage Program in 1992, which is facilitated by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development. It has now expanded beyond basic microloans to include microfinance products tailored for different life stages, as well as savings, insurance, wealth management and other services. Major players in the Indian microfinance space utilize various partnership and financing models, technology, and customization to efficiently deliver a range of financial products to remote rural areas.
This presentation talks about financial services sector in India. Structure of the financial system, how it has grown in past and the opportunities in future
Indian Microfinance - Looking Beyond The AP Act and its Devastating Impact on...hamishbanks
The paper documents the disastrous consequences of legislation passed by Government of Andhra Pradesh in December 2010, and how this has brought about a national crisis. The legislation - the AP Act - not only undermines India’s financial inclusion agenda but also punishes the poor in every state across India. We welcome and encourage the swift passage of the upcoming microfinance Bill through Parliament, which should ultimately supersede the AP Act. While the Bill must be passed at the earliest to avoid further damaging the lives of India’s poor, the report highlights provisions in the Bill and recent RBI circular on NBFC-MFIs that threaten to undermine the Bill’s intentions. Finally, it examines the important role of the private sector in contributing to the challenge of facilitating financial inclusion to India’s 450 million unbanked citizens.
This presentation talks about financial services sector in India. Structure of the financial system, how it has grown in past and the opportunities in future
Indian Microfinance - Looking Beyond The AP Act and its Devastating Impact on...hamishbanks
The paper documents the disastrous consequences of legislation passed by Government of Andhra Pradesh in December 2010, and how this has brought about a national crisis. The legislation - the AP Act - not only undermines India’s financial inclusion agenda but also punishes the poor in every state across India. We welcome and encourage the swift passage of the upcoming microfinance Bill through Parliament, which should ultimately supersede the AP Act. While the Bill must be passed at the earliest to avoid further damaging the lives of India’s poor, the report highlights provisions in the Bill and recent RBI circular on NBFC-MFIs that threaten to undermine the Bill’s intentions. Finally, it examines the important role of the private sector in contributing to the challenge of facilitating financial inclusion to India’s 450 million unbanked citizens.
Annuity and Life Insurance Product Update - Q4 2014 Corporate Insight
This quarterly slide deck examines new product releases from annuity carriers and life insurers covered in our Annuity Monitor and Life Insurance Monitor research services (see full coverage list on next slide).
Inside, we rundown the new products introduced on the firm’s websites in the fourth quarter of 2014 and highlight their key features.
Annuity and Life Insurance Product Update - Q3 2015Corporate Insight
This quarterly slide deck examines new product releases from annuity carriers and life insurers covered in our Annuity Monitor and Life Insurance Monitor research services.
Inside, we provide a rundown of the new products introduced on the firms’ websites in the third quarter of 2015, and highlight their key features.
Annuity and life insurance product update - Q2 2015Corporate Insight
This quarterly slide deck examines new product releases from annuity carriers and life insurers covered in our Annuity Monitor and Life Insurance Monitor research services.
Inside, we provide a rundown of the new products introduced on the firms’ websites in the second quarter of 2015, and highlight their key features.
Annuity and Life Insurance Product Update - Q4 2014 Corporate Insight
This quarterly slide deck examines new product releases from annuity carriers and life insurers covered in our Annuity Monitor and Life Insurance Monitor research services (see full coverage list on next slide).
Inside, we rundown the new products introduced on the firm’s websites in the fourth quarter of 2014 and highlight their key features.
Annuity and Life Insurance Product Update - Q3 2015Corporate Insight
This quarterly slide deck examines new product releases from annuity carriers and life insurers covered in our Annuity Monitor and Life Insurance Monitor research services.
Inside, we provide a rundown of the new products introduced on the firms’ websites in the third quarter of 2015, and highlight their key features.
Annuity and life insurance product update - Q2 2015Corporate Insight
This quarterly slide deck examines new product releases from annuity carriers and life insurers covered in our Annuity Monitor and Life Insurance Monitor research services.
Inside, we provide a rundown of the new products introduced on the firms’ websites in the second quarter of 2015, and highlight their key features.
The main purpose of the research paper is to demonstrate the effects of Microfinance as a part of Financial Inclusion in India.
Microfinance: One of the Key drivers of Financial Inclusion
Acomplete survey of khushhali bank,the first microfinance bank in pakistan, its investment in different sectors for the development of the economic conditions of pakistan, credit lines and the product it offers for its customers
Service marketing of HDFC BANK INSURANCES SusmitaMaity6
service marketing of HDFC bank , vision and misssion its objective and benefits , business strategy , HDFC Ergo medical insurance , insurances offered by HDFC , swot analysis of hdfc bank
Presentation includes Introduction to Microfinance Industry, Business Process, Strategies, Key Challenges, Future Outlook and Special Issues like Urban Microfinance & Rating of Microfinance Institutions
ADB's support for Emerging Microinsurance under JFPR9118: “Developing Microin...ICMIF Microinsurance
This presentation was delivered by Mr Hiroyuki Aoki (Senior Financial Sector Specialist-SERD/ SEPF at Asian Development Bank, The Philippines) at the ICMIF-AOA Development Network Seminar (18-20 September 2013; Manila, The Philippines)
Whereas, Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE) has changed its strategic direction to customer centricity with the aim of making savings and credit products more customer centric and offering better customer value propositions;
Whereas, it has become necessary to improve customer experience by digitizing micro business segment through Micro loan products;
Whereas, Commercial bank of Ethiopia intends to diversify its credit portfolio mix in terms of tenure through expanding the short-term financing to be availed to micro business segments;
Whereas, it is necessary to set eligibility requirements, terms and conditions of loan products and services to the micro business segment in view of risk involved and customer’s demand;
Whereas, it is necessary to attract the underserved part of the society and enhance financial inclusion with low-cost financial services availed through mobile money platform;
Whereas, the majority of Micro Enterprises do not fit the loan terms and conditions of Micro Finance Institutions and Banks due to they are high in number and lacked collateral. And CBE has established Micro Credit Department to properly address loan demand from Micro Enterprises.
NOW, therefore; it becomes important to develop and introduce the “Micro Saving and Loan Policy”.
1.2. Short Title
This policy may be cited as “Micro Saving and Loan (MSL) Policy of the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia”;
1.3. Definitions of Terms
“Board” means supervisory Board of the Bank formed in accordance with Article 10 (2) and 12 of Public Enterprises Proclamation No 25/1992.
“Credit Scoring” means judging/evaluating the creditworthiness of a customer based on basic characteristics and past experiences with credit.
“Digital Lending” means a remote and automated lending process, largely by use of seamless digital technologies for customer acquisition, credit assessment, loan approval, disbursement, recovery, and associated customer services.
“Micro Saving and Loan (MSL)” means a digital based saving and lending platform for customers. Here, Under MSL, the “Micro Saving” is a saving platform that allows customers to save money on a digital platform (using their mobile phones) without visiting branches and filling forms. “Micro Loan” is uncollateralized(Credit Scoring Based) digital lending product which is instant, automated, and remote loan offered through mobile phones for CBE Birr customers;
“Micro saving and Loan” means a small amount of loan availed to micro businesses and individuals for the purpose of supporting businesses and consumption.
“MSL Policy” means a general framework approved by the board that spells out and guides the bank’s MSL strategic directions, processes or activities and credit /financing decision.
“National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE)” means a supervising authority of banks, established in accordance with the council of ministers’ proclamation number 591/2008;
“Loan Pricing” means setting interest rate, fees, commission and others to be charged by the Bank
What are the most important economic ideologies? How did they originate? Who were the theorists behind them? And how did these ideas evolve? In this Spark session, Ravi traces the history of economic thought from seventeenth century onwards to provide a context to the current fractious economic policy debates and how one amongst these ideas will define our future.
We often dismiss stories, saying "anecdotes aren't data," but data enriched with anecdotes can be far more effective than just data in changing minds and getting people to pay attention. In this Spark session Amy Jensen Mowl & Vaishnavi Prathap highlight a few examples where just adding some narrative elements to data can have a big impact in overall communication.
Framework for Estimating the Capital Against Event RiskIFMR
Events like natural disasters can impact the performance of a credit portfolio. However, the relation between the event occurrence and the eventual portfolio loss is a complex one. In this presentation Vaibhav Anand talks about an initial framework to estimate the potential loss due to natural disasters.
How much can asset portfolios of rural households benefit from formal financi...IFMR
Vishnu Prasad & Rachit Khaitan talk about their research paper “How much can asset portfolios of rural households benefit from formal financial services?” This paper is a systematic attempt to quantify the benefits of financial inclusion and capital markets access using tools of modern finance.
In this Spark session Ravi Saraogi talks about why estimating default risk in fund structures can be a challenging task. He presents on how this process has evolved over the years and the current methodologies for assessing such risks.
Resume
• Real GDP growth slowed down due to problems with access to electricity caused by the destruction of manoeuvrable electricity generation by Russian drones and missiles.
• Exports and imports continued growing due to better logistics through the Ukrainian sea corridor and road. Polish farmers and drivers stopped blocking borders at the end of April.
• In April, both the Tax and Customs Services over-executed the revenue plan. Moreover, the NBU transferred twice the planned profit to the budget.
• The European side approved the Ukraine Plan, which the government adopted to determine indicators for the Ukraine Facility. That approval will allow Ukraine to receive a EUR 1.9 bn loan from the EU in May. At the same time, the EU provided Ukraine with a EUR 1.5 bn loan in April, as the government fulfilled five indicators under the Ukraine Plan.
• The USA has finally approved an aid package for Ukraine, which includes USD 7.8 bn of budget support; however, the conditions and timing of the assistance are still unknown.
• As in March, annual consumer inflation amounted to 3.2% yoy in April.
• At the April monetary policy meeting, the NBU again reduced the key policy rate from 14.5% to 13.5% per annum.
• Over the past four weeks, the hryvnia exchange rate has stabilized in the UAH 39-40 per USD range.
What website can I sell pi coins securely.DOT TECH
Currently there are no website or exchange that allow buying or selling of pi coins..
But you can still easily sell pi coins, by reselling it to exchanges/crypto whales interested in holding thousands of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell to these crypto whales and holders of pi..
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners and pi merchants stands in between the miners and the exchanges.
How can I sell my pi coins?
Selling pi coins is really easy, but first you need to migrate to mainnet wallet before you can do that. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
Tele-gram.
@Pi_vendor_247
Empowering the Unbanked: The Vital Role of NBFCs in Promoting Financial Inclu...Vighnesh Shashtri
In India, financial inclusion remains a critical challenge, with a significant portion of the population still unbanked. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have emerged as key players in bridging this gap by providing financial services to those often overlooked by traditional banking institutions. This article delves into how NBFCs are fostering financial inclusion and empowering the unbanked.
Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet.
Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant.
What is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services.
Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully
Tele-gram
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
@Pi_vendor_247
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the telegram id of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Tele gram: @Pi_vendor_247
#pi #sell #nigeria #pinetwork #picoins #sellpi #Nigerian #tradepi #pinetworkcoins #sellmypi
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
8. Finance for every stage of Life SHG and JLG and more More Personalised- Individual Lending Housing Loans Saving & Insurance Products Wealth Management
13. How the costs and benefits to customers have been matched Multiple Products + Technology = Efficiency Customisation Extensive Profiling A totally different growth strategy
16. NABARD & the SHG-Bank Linkage Programme Launched in 1991-92, the SBLP benefitted 4.1 crore households in gaining access to banking
17. Priority Sector Lending Requirement RBI guidelines require banks in India to lend 40% of the NBC to priority sector- which includes lending to sectors like agriculture, micro and small enterprises, advances to weaker sections
19. More than just Loans to Originate The Partnership Model- ICICI Bank Portfolio Buyouts Rated Microcredit Securitisation- IFMR Capital with Equitas, Chennai
21. Self-examination: Studying the impact of Microfinance MIT Researchers in collaboration with IFMR CMF presented a study on ‘ The Miracle of Microfinance?’
Microfinance institutions like SEWA bank have been in India since 1970s but the business of microfinance gained validation and greater visibility only after the launching of the SHG- Bank Linkage programme started in 1992 under the aegis of National Bank for Agriculture & Rural Development.
Currently there are more than 1400 (as per a study conducted by Sa-adhan in 2007) Microfinance Institutions offering SHG loans, JLG loans or both. The fundamental proposition follows the Grameen Bank style group liability based lending as the prototype model. Apart form microcreditors, there are industry institutions like M-CRIL Sa-adhan, Access, AKMI and M2i Consulting which complete the sector. Some of these like M-CRIL have become international microfinance sector players.
This includes Self Help Group and Joint liability Group clients, according to a report by N Srinivasan available at the UN solution exchange website. When these numbers are taken as households reached , the magnitude of the true impact can be felt. One can do this because the client is almost inevitably a woman client who is taking the loan for funding household expenses/income generation activity.
Indian Microfinance has long been identified with existence of SHGs and JLG loan financing MFIs have increased greatly in number. Some MFIs offer both SHG and JLG loans with the difference really being in the name, the size of the group and the repayment frequency.
As a taskforce in 1999 stressed:"(Microfinance is) provision of thrift, credit and other financial services and products of very small amounts to the poor in rural, semi-urban and or urban areas for enabling them to raise their income levels and improve living standards".
It has been realised that there is probably a need to grow beyond the standard SHG/JLG loan offering and provide more to the customer- because otherwise the backbone of microfinance which is personal contact will suffer and with the existence of multiple MFIs in any space the value proposition of any one MFI will reduce and customers will have no incentive to stay loyal to it which can have serious implications in a scenario where there is no credit bureau for microfinance. Group pressure to repay can also mutate into group pressure (example) to default. To avoid this individualised lending, housing loan, saving products have been adopted by some MFIs like Swadhaar, Satin Creditcare, MAS Financials and Shalom. Another new thought in this sector is bringing in the elite concept of wealth management for the rural poor.
This Wealth management approach is exactly what IFMR Trust through its subsidiary IFMR Holdings has propagated. The idea is to apply the best financial principles and solutions, in a most customer-focussed, customer friendly and customised manner to manage the financial needs of the rural customer with the belief that it will transform their lives. Thus, the belief is that appropriately provided finance is the key to a better life.
The idea of providing localised and customised service is followed through the setting up of local financial service providers in Remote rural areas of India, called KshetriyaGrameen Financial Service Companies. Three KGFS companies have already been up and running in Thanjavur District of Tamil Nadu, Ganjam District of Orissa and in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand. While the Thanjavur based Pudhuaaru KGFS company has completed a year, the Ganjam based Dhanei KGFS will complete a year in December 2009. The Uttarakhand based Sahastradhaara KGFS was incorporated on 23 April 2009.
These KGFS companies have been incubated by the IFMR Holdings Company which has used its keen financial expertise and extensive customer profiling to come up with a repertoire of financial products and services. Apart from the JLG loan offering, there is the retailer loan meant for small local retail shops, an enterprise loan for local enterprises and a loan against gold jewellery for immediate cash requirements. There is a remarkable MMMF saving product which allows the customer to save as less as even Re 1 at one time (the lower limit was removed recently) and withdraw it at any time after the investment is registered with interest. There is also a gold accumulation plan which allows the customer to accumulate gold for future purposes, as a secure form of saving. Apart form these are a collection of insurance products which have even been linked with the loan products to make them more secure for both parties. These range from personal accident insurance, livestock insurance, weather insurance and life insurance. There are also longer term investment products.
What is great is that many of these products have already been rolled out at the branches of the KGFS Companies and the remaining are at different stages in the process of rolling out. This useful variety of products has been a strategy to keep costs down by spreading of costs over a range of products and customers and has been made possible by linking the KGFS companies with mainstream financial institutions like HDFC and ICICI Pru . However the products have been modeled in such a manner with the help of technology that the end costs to the customer have remained very low. Costs here meaning transaction costs, and costs like having to wait for money to accumulate to a larger amount for it to be saved by say ,putting into the MMMF.
Along with the varied financial services and products, the other USP is that the services are provided in the most customer friendly manner- their local language is used and the wealth managers who serve them are members of the community itself.
The focus on Microfinance was really brought in only since the launching of the SBLP in 1992.
Since 1992, the Govt could have been blamed for having focused almost exclusively on SHGs but after initially only including financing to SHGs under Priority Sector Lending requirements, the Central Bank now includes microfinance as a whole as falling within the priority sector and thus, induced banks to invest heavily in microfinance providing it the required financial backing to grow further and grow faster.
Apart from Bank financing for microfinance organisations to originate microlending portfolios, many new synergies between the two have been tapped into in India. Among them, has been the Partnership model begun by ICICI Bank in which it was the bank that was really lending to the microfinance organisation’s clients and the organisation itself is like an agent. Banks and Financial institutions have also financed microfinance through buying out the microloans portfolio and also, through arranging and investing in microloan based securities. The first rated securitisation of a microloan portfolio of a Chennai MFI called Equitas was arranged by IFMR Trust and Yes Bank invested in the senior pool of the pass through certificates. What is also notable is that major Indian MFIs have also been attracting commercial equity form across the globe.
Thus, Microfinance in India has progressed enormously and many Indian microfinance organisations are developing a global reputation (SKS, M-CRIL), however, and this has been a problem globally, the results of this movement have not been validated and the impact of microfinance remains largely unknown.
Hence, what is required is introspection and study into the results of the growth. Realising this researchers at MIT in collaboration with the Centre For Microfinance at IFMR, Chennai studied the impact of microfinance through a randomised controlled trial in 104 slums of Hyderabad. This has been a much-needed beginning into understanding the social consequences of the microfinance movement.
The next logical step thus, is to also integrate social performance indices into credit rating of MFOs because the reason for us being here and discussing Microfinance is the belief that it will do something to alleviate and ultimately, remove poverty and bring in better standards of living for the low income groups. A step in this direction has already been taken by M-CRIL which now offers social rating for microfinance organisations so that they can better attract socially responsible investors and really make a difference to the lives of the poor. This kind of a rating requires a different set of skills and expertise in research and analysis, but it will be very important going forward.