This document provides information on the production of carrots. It discusses the botanical details of carrots, their uses, soil and climate requirements, suitable varieties, cultivation practices from land preparation to harvesting, post-harvest handling and storage. It also outlines some physiological disorders, pests like root knot nematodes and their management. Carrots are a good source of vitamin A and fiber and are commercially grown for their storage roots which are ready for harvest within 100-120 days.

1. Ningappa Kirasur
2014-12-129
Dept. of Olericulture
COH, Vellanikkara
Production technology of carrot
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2. CARROT
Daucus carrot
Umbelliferae
Afghanistan
2n=18
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3. Uses
o Used for stomach ulcers, bladder, liver and kidney
problems and even as aphrodisiacs
o Cultivation of roots for consumption
o When purple root types were grown in the area
currently known as Afghanistan
o A sweet preparation called “Gajar halwa”
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4. Contd…
o Carrots are the major single source of Vitamin A
and carotene
o They are also a good source of other vitamins,
minerals and fibre
o Grown commercially as an annual herb for its
large storage root produced during the first year
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5. Soil and climate
o Carrot is a cool season crop
o To develop a good colour when grown at 15°C to
20°C
o Crop needs deep loose loamy soil
o It requires a pH ranged from 6 to 7 for ideal growth
o Optimum temperature 18-22C for root formation
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6. Season
o Plains : Aug. - Sept.
o Hills : Jul. - Feb.
o Seed rate : 4-5 kg/ha
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7. Land preparation
o Ploughing and harrowing the field to make a fine tilth
o Raised beds were formed with 1m width, 10-15cm
height and convenient length or making ridges and
furrows at 30 cm spacing
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8. Ridges and furrows making
Contd…
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9. Carrot grown on raised beds
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10. Varieties
Asiatic types:
Pusa Kesar:
o The roots are scarlet in color
o Rich in carotene, suitable for early sowing
o Takes 80-90 days from sowing to root formation
Pusa Meghali:
o Long orange colored roots
o Capable of seed setting in plains
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11. European types:
Nantes half long:
o orange scarlet coloured roots
o Flesh is sweet with good flavor
o It takes 110-120days for root formation
Chanteny:
o excellent cultivar for canning and storage
o Roots 10-15cm long, tapering with blunt end
o Cortex is deep orange colored 11

12. Contd…
Danvers:
o A mid-season cultivar suited for fresh market and
processing
o Deep orange cortex and yellow core
Pusa Yamadagni:
o Long orange roots with self coloured core
o Slightly tapering with stumpy
o Earlier than Nantes
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13. sowing
o Mark the rows with spacing of 25 - 30 cm apart
o Sown the seeds mixed with sand (1 part of seed with
4 parts of sand)
o Should not be sown the seeds more than 1cm deep
Spacing: 30 cm × 10 cm
Thinning: Is done at 10cm between plants
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14. Manuring
o FYM 30 t/ha
o NPK 40-50: 40-50: 80-100 kg/ha , Half dose of N and
full dose of P2O5 & K2O applied as basal dose
o Remaining half dose of N applied 30-35days after
sowing
o Apply ZnSO4 at 25 kg /ha as basal
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15. After cultivation
o Spraying of Fluchloralin at 1 lit./ha immediately after
sowing
o The first weeding is to be done on 15days after
sowing
o Thinning and earthing up should be done on 30th day
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16. Irrigation
 Irrigation is done once in a week
 Based on soil and climatic conditions
 Frequent irrigation encourage the growth of main
root
 Prevents secondary root formation
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17. Harvesting
o Harvest at correct maturity
o Delayed harvesting may leads to splitting of roots
o A roots attain marketable stage with 2-4cm diameter
at upper end
o Light irrigation has to be given before harvesting
o Easily pulling of roots without any damages
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18. Contd…
o Cut the foliage and wash the roots in water to
remove adhered soil
o Before shipping to market or cold storage
Yield:
o 25 - 30 t/ha in 100 - 120 days
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19. Mechanical harvesting of carrot
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20. Manual harvesting of carrot
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21. storage
o Under room temperature carrot
o Roots can be stored for 2-3 days
o In cold storage at 0-4.4 0C with 93-98% RH
o Roots can be stored up to 6 months
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22. Physiological disorder
Root Splitting :
o Is a physiological disorder which is usually seen
o Sudden increase in soil moisture after prolonged
drought
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23. Forking
o The hard soil does not allow the growth of tap root
o Resulting in formation of forked roots and
o Split roots fetch poor price in market
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24. Cavity spot
o Occurs due to calcium deficiency
o It appears as a cavity in the cortex
o Later the subtending epidermis collapsed
o To form a pitted lesion
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25. Pest incidence
Root knot nematode:
Meloidgyne incognita
Symptoms:
o Yellowing of foliage
o Appearance of knots on roots
o Rotting of roots
Nematode infestation
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26. Management
o Crop rotation
o Soil solarisation during summer season
o Select nematode-free planting material for cultivation
o Soil application with carbofuron granules
o Grow tolerant or resistant varieties
o Marigold grown as trap cop
o Apply neem cake 1.0 t/ha
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