8. STANDARD ANATOMIC
LANDMARKS FOR REPORTING
AORTIC DIAMETER
1, Aortic sinuses of Valsalva
2, Sinotubular junction
3, Mid ascending aorta (midpoint in length between
No. 2 and 4);
4, Proximal aortic arch (aorta at the origin of the
innominate artery)
5, Mid aortic arch (between left common carotid and
subclavian arteries)
6, Proximal descending thoracic aorta (begins at the
isthmus, approximately 2 cm distal to left
subclavian artery)
7, Mid descending aorta (midpoint in length between
No. 6 and 8)
8, Aorta at diaphragm
9, Abdominal aorta at the coeliac axis origin.
Hiratzka et al. Circulation. 2010;121:e266-e369.)
22. Characterized by :
1. True and false lumen
2. Intimal tear/ Entry site communication between L.
3. Intimal Flap
CLASSIC DISSECTION
23. • Short Axis cleavage of the aortic media by dissecting column of
blood.
Classic Aortic Dissection
• Intimal flap consists of:
- intima
- media (inner 2/3)
24. • Long axis cleavage of the aortic media by dissecting column of
blood.
Classic Aortic Dissection
• Entry site
• Re Entry
• Intimal flap consists of:
- intima
- media (inner 2/3)
25. CTA MARKER – FALSE LUMEN
CLASSIC DISSECTION
AXIAL VIEW
• Beak Sign
• Cob Web Sign
• Wrap Sign usually in the Aortic Arch.
SAGITAL / CORONAL VIEW
• Must often is larger than true lumen .
• Less dencity than true lumen except entry site large
with expose reentry
47. SACCULAR ANEURYSM
• Still in controvesial
• Lobulated contour
• Rapid expansion or Development
and adjacent mass
• Stranding
• Fluid in unusual location
→ Highly suspicious for an infected
aneurysm
→ contraindication ? / stent-graft
placement with appropriate
antibiotic coverage
Macedo TA et al. Radiology 2004;231(1):250
49. TUBERCULOUS MYCOTIC ANEURYSM
• Once symptomatic TBAA is identified,
treatment must not be delayed.
• The size of the aneurysm does not appear to
influence the need for treatment
• Aneurysms as small as 1.0-cm in diameter may
rupture
Long et al. Chest 1999;115(2):523
56. NECK / LANDING ZONE
PROXIMAL TO THE ANEURYSM
Morphology suitable for endovascular repair, including:
1.with a length of at least 15 mm,
2.with a diameter measured outer wall to outer wall of no
greater than 28 mm and no less than18 mm,
3.with an angle less than 60 degrees relative to the long
axis of the aneurysm,
4.with an angle less than 45 degrees relative to the axis of
the suprarenal aorta.
59. TAA
• Untreated TAA likely to expand over time and
rupture
• Coady et al. rupture in descending thoracic
aortic aneurysm 7 cm or greater, and they
recommended surgical repair when aneurysms
reach a diameter of 6.5cm
Coady MA, Cardiol Clin 1999;17(4):827