Crop production involves growing crops on a large scale. There are two types of crops - kharif crops grown during the rainy season like rice and maize, and rabi crops grown during winter like wheat and gram. The basic practices of crop production are preparing the soil, sowing seeds, adding manure and fertilizers, irrigating, protecting from weeds, harvesting, and storing. Irrigation involves supplying water to crops at different intervals depending on the crop, soil, and season. Traditional irrigation methods have been replaced by modern techniques.

1. Crop Production
& Management

2. AGRICULTURE
PRACTICES
1) When plants of the same
kind are grown and
cultivated at the one place
on a large scale, it is called a
crop.
2) There are two types of crop:-
i. Kharif Crop:-The crop which
are grown in rainy season
are called kharif crop. Some
example are paddy, maize,
soyabean etc.
ii. Rabi Crop:-The crops which
are gown in winter season
are called rabi crop. Some
example are wheat, gram,
pea etc.

3. BASIC PRACTICES OF
CROP PRODUCTION
i. Preparation of soil.
ii. Sowing.
iii. Adding manure and fertilisers.
iv. Irrigation.
v. Protecting from weeds.
vi. Harvesting
vii. Storage.

4. PREPARATION OF
SOIL
iii.
i. It is the first step before
growing crop.
ii. One of the most
important task in
agriculture is to turn the
soil and loosen it.
This allows the roots to
penetrate deep into the
soil.

5. SOWING
iii.
i. Sowing is the most
important part of
crop production.
ii. Before sowing
good quality seeds
are selected.
Good quality seeds
are clean and
healthy seeds of a
good variety.

6. ADDING MANURE &
FERTILISERS
iii.
i. The substance which are
added to the soil in the form
of nutrients for the healthy
growth of the plant are
called manure and
fertilisers.
ii. Soil supplies mineral
nutrients to the crop.
These nutrients are
essential for the growth of
plant.

7. IRRIGATION
iii.
i. The supply of water to crops
at different interval is called
irrigation.
ii. The time and frequency of
irrigation varies from crop to
crop, soil to soil and season
to season.
In summer the frequency of
watering is higher.

8. PROTECTING FROM
WEEDS
i. In field many other
iii.
undesirable plants may
grow naturally along with the
crop. These undesirable
plants are called weeds.
ii. The removable of weeds is
called weeding.
Weeds are also controlled by
using certain chemicals,
called weedicide.

9. HARVESTING
iii.
i. Harvesting of crops is an
important task.
ii. The cutting of crops
after mature is called
harvesting.
Harvesting in our
country is either done
manually by sickle or by
a machine called
harvester.

10. STORAGE
iii.
i. Proper storage of grains is
necessary to protect them
from pests and
microorganisms.
ii. Large scale storage of
grains is done in silos and
granaries.
Dried neem leaves are use
for storing food grains at
home.

11. MORDERN METHOD OF
IRRIGATION

12. TRADITIONAL
METHOD OF
IRRIGATION

13. OLD METHOD OF
IRRIGATION