This document discusses the basic practices of crop production and management. It outlines 7 key steps: 1) Preparing the soil through tilling and plowing, 2) Sowing seeds at the proper depth and quality, 3) Adding manure and fertilizers to nourish the soil, 4) Irrigating crops on a schedule, 5) Removing weeds through weeding or chemicals, 6) Harvesting crops when mature through manual or machine methods, and 7) Storing grains in proper conditions to preserve them for later use. The document provides an overview of the typical processes farmers undertake to cultivate crops from start to finish.

1. CROP
PRODUCTION
AND
MANAGEMENT
Submitted By:
Hemant Karakoti
June, 2015
Dehradun, Uttarakhand

2. Contents
 Introduction
 Agricultural Practice
 Basic Practice of Crop Production
1. Preparation of Soil
2. Sowing
3. Adding Manure and Fertilisers
4. Irrigation
5. Protection from Weeds
6. Harvesting
7. Storage

3. Introduction
 All living organisms require food.
 Crop production is a branch of agriculture
that deals with growing crops for use as
food and fiber.
 Crop production includes grains, cotton,
tobacco, fruits, vegetables, nuts and
plants.

4. Agricultural Practice
 When plant of the same kind are grown
and cultivated at one place on a large
scale, it is called crop.
 Crops can be classified on the basis of
following season:
a. Kharif Crops: The crops which are sown
in the rainy season are called Kharif
crops.
b. Rabi Crops: The crops grown in the
winter season is called Rabi crop.

5. Basic Practice of Crop Production
 Cultivation of cops involves several
activities undertaken by farmers over a
period of time.
 These activities or tasks are referred to as
agricultural practices.
 These are as follows:
1. Preparation of soil
2. Sowing
3. Adding manure and fertilizers
4. Irrigation
5. Protecting from weeds
6. Harvesting
7. Storage

6. 1: Preparation of Soil
 The process of loosing and turning of the soil is
called tilling or ploughing.
 Plough: It is used for tilling the soil, adding the
fertilizers to the crop, removing the weeds,
scraping of soil, etc.

7.  Hoe: It is used for removing weeds and for
loosening the soil.

8.  Cultivator: It is used for ploughing.

9. 2: Sowing
 Before sowing, selection of good quality seeds
are more important.
 In sowing, little if any soil is placed over the seeds.
 More precisely, seeds
can be generally sown
into the soil by maintaining
a planting depth of about
2-3 times the size of the
seed.

10. 3: Adding Manure and Fertilisers
 The substance which are added to the soil in the
form of nutrients for the healthy growth of plants
are called manure and fertilisers.

11. 4: Irrigation
 Water is important for proper growth and
development of seeds of plants.
 The supply of water to crops at different
intervals is called irrigation.

12. 5: Protection from Weeds
 Undesirable plants that’s may grow naturally
along with the crop is called weeds.
 The removal of weeds is called weeding.
 Weeds are also controlled by using certain
chemical s, called weedicides.

13. 6: Harvesting
 The cutting of crop after it is mature is called
harvesting.
 Harvesting is either done manually by sickle or
by a machine called harvester.
 harvesting activities include cutting, stacking,
handling, threshing, cleaning, and hauling.

14. 7: Storage
 storing grains in a proper storage place under
appropriate moisture and temperature to
prevent it from the attack of insects and to
preserve it for later use is called storage of grain.

15. THANK YOU !!