This document discusses the scope and importance of farm mechanization. It notes that farm mechanization involves the use of machinery in agriculture, such as tractors and tube wells. The document outlines how farm mechanization improves efficiency, increases productivity and crop yields, reduces costs and labor needs, and helps conserve resources. It provides examples of how mechanizing operations like tilling, sowing, irrigation and harvesting can help ensure timely completion of tasks. The document estimates that farm mechanization can result in savings of 15-30% for seeds, fertilizers, time and labor, and an overall 10-15% increase in farm productivity.

2. Scope Of Farm Mechanization
Presented By :
Muhammad Junaid Riaz.
Roll Number :
BSAR12-18.

3. Farm Mechanization
• Farm mechanization means the use of machines
and technology in the agriculture sector.
• The use of tractor, tube-wells and plant
protection measures are included in the farm
mechanization.
• So, in the farm mechanization the use of
machinery is greater as compared to the labour.

4. In Ancient Times
•Every single second was spent worrying about your
next meal.
•If you wanted to eat you either had to go out & kill
it or go out & gather it.
•Nature provided caves for shelter & wood for fire.
•Wild animals provided meat for food & their hide
was used for clothing purpose.

5. Introduction of Agriculture
• With the introduction of agriculture in the
World there were lot of problems.
• The need of the time was to over-come those
problems.
• Because the lands were in a random form with
no proper arrangements for sowing of crops.

6. Lands With No Proper Arrangements

7. Start of Tilling of Lands
• Then according to needs & requirements.
• Man started tilling of agricultural lands.
• The instruments used at that time were quite
simple.
• All the instruments used were hand made or
modified in some shape for convenience.

8. Introduction of Modern Agriculture
• With the introduction of modern agriculture,
lands were started tilling in well definite shapes &
forms.
• The implements used were tractors as well as
other simple implements.
• The tractors tilled the land followed by different
kinds of plough and cut, invert or pulverized the
soil & then beds were made on that land
according to the requirements of the crop.
• All these modifications in other words came due
to FM.

9. A Well Prepared Piece of Land

10. Advantages of Farm Mechanization
• Improves utilization efficiency of inputs such as
seeds, chemicals, fertilizers and energy.
• Ensures timeliness of farm operations leading to
higher productivity and cropping intensity.
• Reduces cost of production and increases
agricultural income.
• Reduces drudgery and improves safety in
operation of farm machinery.
• Helps in conserving natural resources e.g. water .

11. Farm Mechanization: Every-where
Inter cultivation
Irrigations
Fertilizer
Application
Harvesting
Post
Harvesting
Sowing,
Planting
Tillage&Seed
bedpreparation
Plant Protection
Mechanized Solutions For
Whole Chain
Mechanization is clearly the answer to key performance
parameter at every stage of cropping cycle
Fallow
Land
Cultivation

12. ScopeofFarmMechanizationinPakistan
 Use of cultivable waste land.
 Overcome of water Problems.
 Timely operations.
 Labor problems.
 Electrification of farms.
 Productivity enhancement.
 Tractors.
 Land leveling.
 Weed eradication.

13. Present Condition …
• The technological improvements in agriculture since mid
sixties have brought about revolutionary increase in
agricultural production.
• Interestingly, the growth rate of food-grain production
particularly in case of wheat and rice is much higher now-a-
days then past.
• The country was facing acute food shortages in the past but
now has become not only self-sufficient but also a net
exporter of food-grains.
• This has been made possible due to introduction of high
yielding crop varieties, increased use of chemical fertilizers,
development of irrigation facilities and plant protection
measures.

14. Over-all Scope of FM
• Farm mechanization has been helpful to bring
about a significant improvement in agricultural
productivity.
• Thus, there is strong need for mechanization of
agricultural operations.
• The factors that justify the strengthening of farm
mechanization in the country can be numerous.
• The timeliness of operations has assumed greater
significant in obtaining optimal yields from
different crops, which can be made possible by
ways of FM.

15. Example About Scope of FM
• For instance, the sowing of wheat in Punjab is
done up to the first fortnight of November.
• A delay beyond this period by every one week
leads to about 1.50 quintals per acre decrease in
the yield.
• This is also correct in the case of other crops and
for other farm operations like hoeing, irrigation,
harvesting, threshing and marketing which needs
to be performed at appropriate time otherwise
the yield and farm income is affected adversely.

16. Over-all Scope of FM
• Normally, there are good chances to reduce the cost of
production if farm operations are mechanized as it saves
labor, both human and bullock.
• In the absence of mechanization, the ever-increasing wages
rate of human labor and cost of upkeep of draught animals
could have increased the cost of production much higher.
• Further, large scale production means less per unit cost on
the farms.
• Moreover, it reduces the risk of non-availability of labor
and thus wastage is minimized.
• Timely marketing is also made possible by quick mechanical
transportation, cleaning and handling.

17. Continued …
• The use of farm mechanization enlarges the
employment opportunities both on farms and in
non-farming sectors through increase in area
under plough, multiple cropping, development of
agro-industries and related services.
• Also, the drudgery for human labor is reduced
and unhygienic operations such as handling of
farm yard manure can be done with machinery.

18. Revolutions Introduced by FM
• Although mechanization has introduced lot of
revolutions in the present age which have
proven to be useful at every stage of crop.
• If we simply take tractors only under concern
then we will come to know about its various
types according to specific operations.
• Other than this different kinds of tertiary
tillage operations performing machines have
also been introduced.

19. Estimated Contributions From FM
• Savings in Seeds : 15-20%
• Savings in Fertilizers : 15-20%
• Increase in Cropping Intensity : 5-20%
• Savings in Time : 20-30%
• Reduction in Manual Labor : 20-30%
• Over-all Increase in Farm Productivity: 10-15%

20. Conclusions
• In the light of all the points mentioned above it is
clear that FM plays an important role in the
healthy crop stand and in getting production to a
beneficial level.
• Yet the need of the time is to over-come the
constraints of FM which are acting as a hindrance
in its path.
• This can only be achieved by the co-operation of
Govt. & Private Institutes by making excellent
policies for the future.