There are two main types of soil erosion: geological erosion and accelerated erosion. Geological erosion occurs naturally through processes like rainfall, wind, and topography. Accelerated erosion is caused by human activities like deforestation, lack of soil conservation, and development. Some forms of accelerated erosion include sheet erosion, rill erosion, gully erosion, and wind erosion. Soil erosion can have negative impacts such as loss of agricultural production, loss of nutrients, reduced water infiltration, increased tillage costs, flooding, and land degradation.

1. Types and problems
Presented by-
Komal zulfiqar

2. Soil erosion is the washing or blowing away
(by water or wind) of the top layer of the soil.
Erosion whether it is by water , wind or
tillage, involve three distinct action- soil
detachment, movement & deposition.

3. 1. Geological Erosion
2. Accelerated Erosion
A) Wind erosion
B) Water Erosion
a) rain drop Erosion
b) rill erosion
c) gully erosion
d) bank erosion
e) Sheet erosion
f) landslide erosion
C) land slide erosion

4. It is a normal process, representing erosion of
land in natural environment. It is caused by
effect of
 Rainfall
 Run-off
 Wind
 Topography
 Atmospheric temperature

5. Accelerated erosion is due to man made
activities, which have brought about changes in
natural cover and soil condition. The activities
includes
 Land Preparation for raising crops,
 Land use patterns for building houses,
infrastructures, industries, hill cutting,
deforestation, lack of soil conservation and
watershed management.

6. The impact of rain drops causes splash
erosion
Run-off water causes scouring, scraping and
transport of soil particles, leading to sheet,
rill and gully erosion.
Flood water causes erosion of River Banks
Water waves cause erosion of bank and sides
of reservoir, lakes and oceans.
Subsurface seepage water causes soil boiling,
erosion and removal by piping.
Glacial erosion causes heavy landslide

8. It is primary responsible for creation and
maintenance of desert areas
 Finer soil particles from top soil along with
organic matter and nutrients are easily
detachable and removed by wind velocity.

11. Sheet erosion is the movement of soil from
rain drops splash and runoff water.
It typically occurs evenly over a uniform slope
and goes unnoticed until most of the
productive topsoil has been lost.

13. In general the sheet flow is carried out by
very small definable channels called interrill.
When the process of soil erosion and
deposition through interrill is prolonged, the
interrills are widened, leading to formation of
small channels called rills.

15. Rills are smaller in size and depth,they can be
destroyed by tillage operation.
If their occurrence is prolonged, rills become
larger in size and can not be destroyed by
tillage operation, and they become Gullies.

19. Loss in agricultural production
Loss of nutrients
Reduction of infiltration rates
Increased cost in tillage operation
Flood may occure in Rivers
Decreases in useful life of reservoir
Survival of wild life
Land degradation
Cost of removal of sedimentation
Desertification.