Hi there, another college project out so this fits the descripton of the project criteria that is we had to pick a research paper and make a brief ppt with alot of explaing by audio which cant be added in a ppt. But here is a brief.
Good luck aspirants I hope this helps you
CRISPR-Cas9 is a genome editing tool that is creating a buzz in the science world. It is faster, cheaper and more accurate than previous techniques of editing DNA and has a wide range of potential applications.
CRISPR-Cas9 is a genome editing tool that is creating a buzz in the science world. It is faster, cheaper and more accurate than previous techniques of editing DNA and has a wide range of potential applications.
The use of ontologies to aid in the development of text search queries, the quality and relevance ranking of results, and the
categorization of patents has been well characterized. Similar work has been performed on non-patent scientific literature such as journal articles. We present here the employment of common life science ontologies to search both the entirety of the patent and non-patent literature corpora at the same time. The results of these searches can be readily studied in a single unified search result that allows for the annotation of key patent and non-patent documents in a mixed data-type environment.
Engineering plant immunity using crispr cas9 to generate virus resistanceSheikh Mansoor
Targeted genome editing by use of artificial nucleases has the plausible potential to speed basic research as well as plant breeding by providing the means to modify genomes quickly in a specific and predictable manner but advanced CRISPR-Cas9 based technologies first confirmed in mammalian cell systems are quickly being fitted for use in plants. These new technologies increase CRISPR-Cas9’s utility and effectiveness by diversifying cellular capabilities through expression construct system evolution and enzyme orthogonality, as well as enhanced efficiency through delivery and expression mechanisms. RNA-guided genome editing using Streptococcus pyogenes CRISPR-Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) has renewed the concept of genome editing in plants. CRISPR-associated surveillance complexes are easily programmable molecular sleds that can target any sequence of choice. These complexes offer new opportunities for implementation in biotechnology. Recent studies have used CRISPR/Cas9 to engineer virus resistance in plants, either by directly targeting and cleaving the viral genome, or by modifying the host plant genome to introduce viral immunity. The CRISPR/Cas9 platform could also be used for targeted mutagenesis to identify host factors that control plant resistance and susceptibility to viral infection. Thus, CRISPR/Cas9 technology offers a promising approach for under- standing and engineering resistance to single and multiple viral infections in plants.
This slide will help you understand the basics of CRISPR-Cas9, Mechanism, Application, Advantages, and Disadvantages of CRISPR-Cas9, Future Concerns, Future Possibilities.
CRISPR ……is a family of DNA sequences in bacteria. The sequences contain snippets of DNA from viruses that have attacked the bacterium. These snippets are used by the bacterium to detect and destroy DNA from similar viruses during subsequent attacks. These sequences play a key role in a bacterial defense system, and form the basis of a technology known as CRISPR/Cas9 that effectively and specifically changes genes within organisms
Los días 11 y 12 de diciembre de 2014, la Fundación Ramón Areces celebró el Simposio Internacional 'Neuropatías periféricas hereditarias. Desde la biología a la terapéutica' en colaboración con CIBERER-ISCIII y el Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe. El tipo más común de estas patologías es la enfermedad de Charcot-Marie-Tooth, un trastorno neuromuscular hereditario con una prevalencia estimada de 17-40 afectados por 100.000 habitantes. Durante estos dos días, investigadores mostraron sus avances en la mejora del diagnóstico y el tratamiento y, por ende, de la aproximación clínica y la calidad de vida de las personas afectadas por estas patologías.
CRISPR gene editing is widely used by biologists as the DNA programming tool of choice - cells, organisms and populations can be altered with it. We’ve made faster progress than you'd imagine. CRISPR programs can now be written online and printed in labs with ease. Teams are attempting human embryo reprogramming for research purposes in China and the UK, and “gene drives” – DNA programs that bias inheritance in populations – are almost ready to modify organisms in the wild. Will we see the eradication of Alzheimer’s and mosquitoes? Or ecological disaster and designer super-babies for the rich?
This deck is from a SXSW Interactive 2016 panel session where inventors and leaders of the CRISPR field discussed what is - and what should be- possible with genome editing.
Accelerating Scientific Research Through Machine Learning and GraphNeo4j
Miroculus is a molecular diagnostics company that leverages the potential of microRNAs as biomarkers and has created the most easy-to-use and automated platform for their detection. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules, whose primary role is to regulate the expression of our genes. Their discovery in circulation of body fluids such as blood plasma/serum, urine and saliva has been followed up by a multitude of studies, providing evidence that detection of specific microRNA molecules can give clues about a person’s health status and may therefore be used as biomarkers for various conditions.
Loom is an up-to-date snapshot of the scientific literature landscape focused on microRNAs that we built to expedite our own research. As of today, there is no compelling way to access much of the microRNA research. By using Loom's easy-to-use, interactive UI, the researcher is able to quickly locate the relevant sentences across many publications relating specific microRNAs with her disease or gene of interest. With this tool, our objective is to provide a visually compelling and complete overview of how microRNAs relate to specific diseases and genes.
At the backend, Loom is comprised of 4 microservices. The first one is a listener that fetches new publications daily that are available in the NCBI databases: PubMed for abstracts and PMC for full-text, open-access publications. Then, a natural language processor scans the publication, breaking them down into their constituent sentences and detecting mentions of microRNAs, genes and diseases.
Within each sentence, a machine learning scorer evaluates the strength and type of relationship on a scale from 0 to 1 and outputs the results in a graph database. The resulting graph database is then queried in real-time by the UI to retrieve the sentences and relationships the user is interested in.
The use of ontologies to aid in the development of text search queries, the quality and relevance ranking of results, and the
categorization of patents has been well characterized. Similar work has been performed on non-patent scientific literature such as journal articles. We present here the employment of common life science ontologies to search both the entirety of the patent and non-patent literature corpora at the same time. The results of these searches can be readily studied in a single unified search result that allows for the annotation of key patent and non-patent documents in a mixed data-type environment.
Engineering plant immunity using crispr cas9 to generate virus resistanceSheikh Mansoor
Targeted genome editing by use of artificial nucleases has the plausible potential to speed basic research as well as plant breeding by providing the means to modify genomes quickly in a specific and predictable manner but advanced CRISPR-Cas9 based technologies first confirmed in mammalian cell systems are quickly being fitted for use in plants. These new technologies increase CRISPR-Cas9’s utility and effectiveness by diversifying cellular capabilities through expression construct system evolution and enzyme orthogonality, as well as enhanced efficiency through delivery and expression mechanisms. RNA-guided genome editing using Streptococcus pyogenes CRISPR-Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) has renewed the concept of genome editing in plants. CRISPR-associated surveillance complexes are easily programmable molecular sleds that can target any sequence of choice. These complexes offer new opportunities for implementation in biotechnology. Recent studies have used CRISPR/Cas9 to engineer virus resistance in plants, either by directly targeting and cleaving the viral genome, or by modifying the host plant genome to introduce viral immunity. The CRISPR/Cas9 platform could also be used for targeted mutagenesis to identify host factors that control plant resistance and susceptibility to viral infection. Thus, CRISPR/Cas9 technology offers a promising approach for under- standing and engineering resistance to single and multiple viral infections in plants.
This slide will help you understand the basics of CRISPR-Cas9, Mechanism, Application, Advantages, and Disadvantages of CRISPR-Cas9, Future Concerns, Future Possibilities.
CRISPR ……is a family of DNA sequences in bacteria. The sequences contain snippets of DNA from viruses that have attacked the bacterium. These snippets are used by the bacterium to detect and destroy DNA from similar viruses during subsequent attacks. These sequences play a key role in a bacterial defense system, and form the basis of a technology known as CRISPR/Cas9 that effectively and specifically changes genes within organisms
Los días 11 y 12 de diciembre de 2014, la Fundación Ramón Areces celebró el Simposio Internacional 'Neuropatías periféricas hereditarias. Desde la biología a la terapéutica' en colaboración con CIBERER-ISCIII y el Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe. El tipo más común de estas patologías es la enfermedad de Charcot-Marie-Tooth, un trastorno neuromuscular hereditario con una prevalencia estimada de 17-40 afectados por 100.000 habitantes. Durante estos dos días, investigadores mostraron sus avances en la mejora del diagnóstico y el tratamiento y, por ende, de la aproximación clínica y la calidad de vida de las personas afectadas por estas patologías.
CRISPR gene editing is widely used by biologists as the DNA programming tool of choice - cells, organisms and populations can be altered with it. We’ve made faster progress than you'd imagine. CRISPR programs can now be written online and printed in labs with ease. Teams are attempting human embryo reprogramming for research purposes in China and the UK, and “gene drives” – DNA programs that bias inheritance in populations – are almost ready to modify organisms in the wild. Will we see the eradication of Alzheimer’s and mosquitoes? Or ecological disaster and designer super-babies for the rich?
This deck is from a SXSW Interactive 2016 panel session where inventors and leaders of the CRISPR field discussed what is - and what should be- possible with genome editing.
Accelerating Scientific Research Through Machine Learning and GraphNeo4j
Miroculus is a molecular diagnostics company that leverages the potential of microRNAs as biomarkers and has created the most easy-to-use and automated platform for their detection. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules, whose primary role is to regulate the expression of our genes. Their discovery in circulation of body fluids such as blood plasma/serum, urine and saliva has been followed up by a multitude of studies, providing evidence that detection of specific microRNA molecules can give clues about a person’s health status and may therefore be used as biomarkers for various conditions.
Loom is an up-to-date snapshot of the scientific literature landscape focused on microRNAs that we built to expedite our own research. As of today, there is no compelling way to access much of the microRNA research. By using Loom's easy-to-use, interactive UI, the researcher is able to quickly locate the relevant sentences across many publications relating specific microRNAs with her disease or gene of interest. With this tool, our objective is to provide a visually compelling and complete overview of how microRNAs relate to specific diseases and genes.
At the backend, Loom is comprised of 4 microservices. The first one is a listener that fetches new publications daily that are available in the NCBI databases: PubMed for abstracts and PMC for full-text, open-access publications. Then, a natural language processor scans the publication, breaking them down into their constituent sentences and detecting mentions of microRNAs, genes and diseases.
Within each sentence, a machine learning scorer evaluates the strength and type of relationship on a scale from 0 to 1 and outputs the results in a graph database. The resulting graph database is then queried in real-time by the UI to retrieve the sentences and relationships the user is interested in.
An Introduction to Crispr Genome Editing
Crispr cas: A new tool of genome editing
CRISPRs (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) are part of an adaptive defense mechanism in bacteria and archaea. Use of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for genome editing has been a major technological breakthrough, making genome modification in cells or organisms fast, more efficient, and much more robust than previous genome editing methods. Single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) or guide RNAs (gRNAs) direct and activate the Cas9 endonuclease at a specific genomic sequence. Cas9 then cleaves the target DNA, making it available for repair by the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) system or for creating an insertion site for exogenous donor DNA by homologous recombination.
CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) is a family of DNA sequences found within the genomes of prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria and archaea. These sequences are derived from DNA fragments of bacteriophages that have previously infected the prokaryote and are used to detect and destroy DNA from similar phages during subsequent infections. Hence these sequences play a key role in the antiviral defense system of prokaryotes.
Cas9 (CRISPR-associated protein 9) is an enzyme that uses CRISPR sequences as a guide to recognize and cleave specific strands of DNA that are complementary to the CRISPR sequence. Cas9 enzymes together with CRISPR sequences form the basis of a technology known as CRISPR-Cas9 that can be used to edit genes within organisms.This editing process has a wide variety of applications including basic biological research, development of biotechnology products, and treatment of diseases.
The CRISPR-Cas system is a prokaryotic immune system that confers resistance to foreign genetic elements such as those present within plasmids and phages that provides a form of acquired immunity. RNA harboring the spacer sequence helps Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins recognize and cut foreign pathogenic DNA. Other RNA-guided Cas proteins cut foreign RNA. CRISPR are found in approximately 50% of sequenced bacterial genomes and nearly 90% of sequenced archaea.
The Genome editing Era (CRISPER Cas 9) : State of the Art and Perspectives fo...Anand Choudhary
Role of CRISPR/Cas9 in plant pathology
Production of disease resistance cultivars by editing the genome which is responsible for susceptibility factor for fungal and bacterial diseases.
By editing the genome which governs host pathogen interaction we can obtain incompatible interaction between host pathogen.
To improve the efficacy of bio control agents.
By editing the genome responsible for virus multiplication and virulence we can obtain virus free resistance cultivars.
The Genome-editing Era (CRISPER Cas 9) : State of the Art and Perspectives fo...ANAND CHOUDHARY
Role of CRISPR/Cas9 in plant pathology
Production of disease resistance cultivars by editing the genome which is responsible for susceptibility factor for fungal and bacterial diseases.
By editing the genome which governs host pathogen interaction we can obtain incompatible interaction between host pathogen.
To improve the efficacy of bio control agents.
By editing the genome responsible for virus multiplication and virulence we can obtain virus free resistance cultivars.
CRISPR is one of the mind blowing discovery which completely change the science of microorganisms. It is am efficient tool for genome editing and make the scientist enable to treat disease. The vast application of CRISPR technology covered almost all every aspect of life ranging from individual life to commercial aspect.
Purpose:
The purpose of this webinar is to develop creative scientific thinking in youngster and make them familiar with the miricals of science discovery.
RDNA technology & Genetic Engineering: This course provides an in-depth understanding of recombinant DNA technology, gene therapy, genetic modifications, and more
CRISPR: Opportunities and Challenges WebinarPreScouter
CRISPR is a genome-editing technique that provides a simple yet versatile method for making targeted changes to the genome of living cells. Researchers have already applied CRISPR to reverse disease-causing mutations and to engineer pest-resistant crops.
In this CRISPR webinar, PreScouter will be joined by experts and researchers to review CRISPR's opportunities and challenges. We will touch upon key challenges, such as reducing off-target effects, as well as new advances set to overcome some of the current limitations, such as novel CRISPR systems. Additionally, we'll highlight potential first applications of the technology within medicine and agriculture.
This is a great opportunity to not only learn from experts about how this disruptive technology is changing gene editing but also ask your personal questions about CRISPR.
Moderator:
This CRISPR discussion will be moderated by Charles Wright, the Medical Project Architect at PreScouter.
Panelists:
John G. Doench, Ph.D., is Associate Director of the Genetic Perturbation Platform at the Broad Institute.
C. B. Gurumurthy (Guru), BVSC, MVSC, Ph.D. Exec. MBA, is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe Meyer Institute for Genetics and Rehabilitation, and he serves as the Director of UNMC Mouse Genome Engineering Core Facility at the University of Nebraska Medical Center.
Shuibing Chen is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Surgery and Biochemistry at Weill Cornell Medical College, New York.
Similar to CRISPR-Cas9: The new frontier of Genome Engineering (20)
pH of a salt of a Weak acid and Weak base: DerivationSt Xaviers
The above ppt will display a brief derivation of pH of a salt of a weak acid (WA) and weak base (WB) however this is helpful only if basic concepts and terminologies are clear.
Micro-organisms important in Food Microbiology. Bacteria, Yeast, MoldsSt Xaviers
Here is a ppt on food microbiology. consisting information for molds, bacteria and yeast. information on types of good and bad components in each category.
Here is another project on a toxic chemical called DMSO Dimethyl Sulfoxide (toxic chemical); chemical Structure, physical properties, chemical uses, chemical toxicity and chemical exposure, GHS hazard statements, Storage, handling, PPE Personal protective equipment
The human population and the environment: factors affecting population growth...St Xaviers
Here is another project. based on -effects of human population on the environment in brief. Consisting the factors affecting population growth, effects of population, and prediction of population growth rate
Forces responsible for A-, B- and Z-DNA: Structures, conformations, classific...St Xaviers
Another project out.
This is a brief and slightly in depth explanation of the DNA conformations; Right handed A-DNA and B-DNA and left handed Z-DNA. With pictorial explanation via slides which can be used as notes for College for Degree students in Biochemistry for General, hons and medical students.
Good luck fellow aspirants
Picture analysis: Based on reasoning, Picture description of two images expla...St Xaviers
Here is another project. This is an example of reasoning via picture description of a natural phenomenon.
Here there are two images. picked
one explaining solar power which is a natural phenomenon and its application of solar panels as one can explain solar energy by it.
The other is an image of me bungee jumping. This image is to explain a biochemical process that occurs in the body during this sport. i.e., endorphin secretion which acts as an analgesic during such events that pressurizes the body's natural mechanism.
Hope this helps you.
good luck fellow aspirant.
Fungi and Bryophyte around me (Goa): Heirarchy, Images, Thallus, Habitat.St Xaviers
This is another project for which I had to capture all images by myself and having a farm in the past for Agaricus Bisorus (White button mushrooms) was bonus. These images are taken within Goa of a very few species I caught in less than a week.
I will add more as I find. Hope this helps you. Good luck aspirants
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
5. 5
VOL 346 ISSUE 6213
Science (print ISSN 0036-8075; online ISSN 1095-9203)
is published weekly, except the last week in December,
by the American Association for the Advancement of Science
(AAAS), 1200 New York Avenue NW, Washington, DC
20005
6. 6
CRISPR/Cas9 is a gene editing tool that can manipulate gene
expression in plants, humans and animals. CRISPR, or
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats,
are short sections of bacterial DNA containing repetitive base
sequences
The simple two-component CRISPRCas9 system, using
Watson-Crick base pairing by a guide RNA to identify target DNA
sequences, is a versatile technology that has already stimulated
innovative applications in biology.
Summary
7. 7
The simple two-component CRISPRCas9 system, using
Watson-Crick base pairing by a guide RNA to identify target DNA sequences, is a
versatile technology that has already stimulated innovative applications in biology.
9. 9
The CRISPR-Cas9 technology originates from type II CRISPR-Cas systems, which
provide bacteria with adaptive immunity to viruses and plasmids.
10. 10
Understanding the CRISPR-Cas9 system at the biochemical and structural level
allows the engineering of tailored Cas9 variants with smaller size and increased
specificity.
The CRISPR/Cas9 system then can store this viral data so that it will be able to
recognize and eliminate future viral threats.
Specific methods for delivering Cas9 and its guide RNA to cells and
tissues should benefit the field of human gene therapy.
The versatility of the CRISPR/Cas9 system and its ability to locate and
alter specific genes can yield advancements in drug discovery,
basic medical research, agriculture and even the possibility of preventing
genetic diseases, heart disease, and blood conditions in humans.
15. 15
S. Scherer, R. W. Davis, Replacement of chromosome
segments with altered DNA sequences constructed in vitro.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 76, 4951–4955 (1979).
doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.10.4951; pmid: 388424
Reference
