CRISPR technology allows for genome editing using a prokaryotic immune system called CRISPR/Cas. The system works by adapting spacers from viral DNA, producing CRISPR RNA, and targeting matching sequences. It is being applied in industry to make bacterial cultures virus-resistant, in labs for genetic engineering, and in medicine for treating genetic diseases and developing more specific antibiotics.

1. CRISPR TECHNOLOGY
Guided by:
Mr.Baji.K
Presented by:
P.Navaneeth Krishna Menon

2. INTRODUCTION
• What is CRISPR Technology?
• Clustered Regularly
Interspaced Short
Palindromic Repeats.
• CRISPR/Cas system is
used for genome editing.
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3. CRISPR/Cas System
• CRISPRs are segments of prokaryotic DNA
containing short repetitions of base sequences.
• CRISPR/Cas system is a prokaryotic
immune system that confers
resistance to foreign genetic elements
such as phages.
• Much easier to design compared to its
predecessors zinc finger nucleases and
TALENs.
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4. • Spacers are fragments of DNA gathered from the
viruses that had tried to attack the cell.
• CRISPR loci range from 24 to 48 bp.
• CRISPR-associated(cas) genes are attached
to the repeater-spacer array.
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5. Action of CRISPR
The CRISPR immune system works to protect
bacteria from repeated viral attack via three basic
steps:
(1) Adaptation
(2) Production of CRISPR RNA
(3) Targeting
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7. APPLICATIONS
In industry:
CRISPR system are advantageous for
industrial processes that utilize bacterial
cultures.
CRISPR-based immunity can be employed
to make these cultures more resistant to
viral attack, which would otherwise impede
productivity.
Eg: Streptococcus thermophilus, which is
used to make yogurts and cheeses.
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8. In the lab:
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10. IIn Medicine:
Treatment of genetic diseases.
To make more specific antibiotics that
target only disease-causing bacterial
strains while sparing beneficial bacteria.
Researches are being carried out to
make WBCs resistant to HIV infection.
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11. CONCLUSION
Jennifer Doudna ,Emmanuelle Charpentier and Feng Zhang
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14. REFERENCE
• http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2014/crispr-genetic-
engineering-technique/
• Horvath P, Barrangou R (2010). "CRISPR/Cas, the immune
system of bacteria and archaea". Science 327 (5962): 167–70
• https://www.addgene.org/crispr/guide/
• Sawyer E (9 February 2013). "Editing Genomes with the
Bacterial Immune System".Scitable (blog). Nature Publishing
Group.
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