The document discusses the Human Genome Project, which aimed to sequence and map all of the genes in the human genome. It explains that the project sought to determine the exact sequence of DNA bases (A, C, G, T) in order to understand how genes are passed down and how DNA works. The project also aimed to identify genes associated with genetic disorders and diseases. The summary provides key details about the timeline and contributors to the project, including Craig Venter and his company Celera, which helped accelerate the sequencing process.

1. Cracking the Code of Life
By: Grace Trainor

2. What is the Human Genome Project?
 Decoding the Human Genome—meaning interpreting the
genetic code
 The DNA Sequencing is used to determine the exact
sequence of bases (A, C, G, T) in a DNA Molecule
 Goals of the Project: To discover what the instruction code is
telling scientists and to understand the differences in DNA
and where/what certain alleles are located on the
chromosomes
 Knowing the code tells us…(1) What genes will be passed
down, (2) How the DNA works and what it carries

3. Now, Locate the Genome
http://goo.gl/nK4gMt

4. Contributions that the Human Genome
could make…
 A lot of genetic disorders occur due to a single base change
(displacement of one single letter—A, T, C, G—can lead to
many deficiencies and a change in the genome)
 With the Human Genome, scientists would be able to find
out what exactly is going wrong with the sequence of DNA,
genes, and proteins
 The information would also tells us what people are at risk for
certain diseases, early on (such as TaySach’s and Cystic Fibrosis)


5. Timeline of the Human Genome Project
http://goo.gl/AVfZVZ

6. Who is helping with the Human Genome
Project?
 CRAIG VENTER
 Scientist and Entrepreneur—FIRST to sequence the Human
Genome
 Created company CELERA: holds machines that decodes genome
at an incredibly fast pace (take ONLY 2 YEARS to complete)
 Company created competition between private
and public companies—race to see
who can decode the genome first
 Private: Receive $$ from investors and information
may by private
 Public: Receive $$ from government and free
information to everyone
http://goo.gl/lCJMwx

7. Don’t Forget!
 Not only is studying the genes and genomes important, but
also PROTEOMES
 What is Proteome, you may ask?
 The collection of Proteins
 Why is Proteome important, you may ask?
 Genes make up ALL proteins AND proteins do all the work in the
cell
  Studying the Genes—must understand Proteins (vice versa) to
discover functions in the body

8. Fun Facts: Did you know…
 50% of the genes in bananas are in HUMANS!
 ALL HUMANS share 99.9% of their DNA
 98% of our DNA has a largely unknown function (based on
the 2001 documentary), however Scientists now challenge
this belief by stating that 80% of our genes ARE active

Read this article from Times Magazine for more information:
http://healthland.time.com/2012/09/06/junk-dna-not-souseless-after-all/

9. And YOU can watch this AMAZING
documentary RIGHT NOW! 
http://video.pbs.org/video/1841308959/
For even more information, Visit…
http://www.genome.gov/10001772