A CBC or complete blood count is a test that provides information about the cells in a patient's blood. It is performed by a scientist or lab technician who analyzes the blood sample and provides results to the requesting medical professional. Blood counts have been used in clinical practice since the 19th century, and automated testing was developed in the 1950s-1960s. An urinalysis evaluates a urine sample based on physical appearance, color, clarity, and other macroscopic features. The results are interpreted using the reference ranges provided by the laboratory. An ECG or electrocardiogram is a test that records and measures the electrical activity and functioning of the heart over time via electrodes placed on the skin. It

1. Contributions to
Modern Science
G I S E LLE S. SIG UA
I I I - DA RWIN
HE A LT H G R O UP

2. CBC or
Complete
Blood Count

3. CBC or Complete Blood Count
• A test panel requested by the doctor that gives
information about the cells in a patient’s blood.
• A scientist or lab technician performs the
requested testing and provides the requesting
medical professional with the results of the
CBC.
• Blood counts of various types have been used
for clinical purposes since the 19th century.
Automated equipment to carry out complete
blood counts was developed in the 1950s and
1960s.

4. Urinalysis

5. Urinalysis
• An array of tests performed on urine and it
will be evaluated by its physical appearance
(color, cloudiness, odour, clarity), or
macroscopic analysis.
• Urine test results should always be
interpreted using the reference range
provided by the laboratory that performed
the test, or using information provided by
the test strip/device manufacturer.

6. ECG or
Electrocardiogram

7. ECG or Electrocardiogram
• is a transthoracic (across the thorax or
chest) interpretation of the electrical
activity of the heart over a period of time,
as detected by electrodes attached to the
surface of the skin and recorded by a device
external to the body.
• An ECG is used to measure the rate and
regularity of heartbeats, as well as the size and
position of the chambers, the presence of any
damage to the heart, and the effects of drugs
or devices used to regulate the heart.

8. Biopsy

9. Biopsy
• It is the medical removal of tissue from a
living subject to determine the presence or
extent of a disease.
• Commonly performed by a surgeon.
• Tissue is examined under a microscope by a
pathologist, and can also be analyzed
chemically.

10. Angiography

11. Angiography
• Is a medical imaging technique used to
visualize the inside, or lumen, of blood
vessels and organs of the body, with
particular interest in the arteries, veins and
the heart chambers.
• This is traditionally done by injecting a radioopaque contrast agent into the blood vessel
and imaging using X-ray based techniques such
as fluoroscopy.

12. EEG or
Electroencephalography

13. EEG or
Electroencephalography
• Is the recording of electrical activity along
the scalp.
• Measures voltage fluctuations resulting
from ionic current flows within the
neurons of the brain.
• Refers to the recording of the brain's
spontaneous electrical activity over a short
period of time, usually 20–40 minutes, as
recorded from multiple electrodes placed
on the scalp.