Often changes in the direction are necessitated in highway alignment due to various reasons such as topographic considerations, obligatory points.
The geometric design elements pertaining to horizontal alignment of highway should consider safe and comfortable movement of vehicles at the given design speed of the highway.
It is therefore necessary to avoid sudden changes in direction with sharp curves or reverse curves which could not be safely and conveniently negotiated by the vehicles at design speed.
Improper design of horizontal alignment of roads would necessitate speed changes resulting m higher accident rate and increase in vehicle operation cost.
Often changes in the direction are necessitated in highway alignment due to various reasons such as topographic considerations, obligatory points.
The geometric design elements pertaining to horizontal alignment of highway should consider safe and comfortable movement of vehicles at the given design speed of the highway.
It is therefore necessary to avoid sudden changes in direction with sharp curves or reverse curves which could not be safely and conveniently negotiated by the vehicles at design speed.
Improper design of horizontal alignment of roads would necessitate speed changes resulting m higher accident rate and increase in vehicle operation cost.
The geometric design of roads is the branch of highway engineering concerned with the positioning of the physical elements of the roadway according to standards and constraints. The basic objectives in geometric design are to optimize efficiency and safety while minimizing cost and environmental damage. Geometric design also affects an emerging fifth objective called "livability," which is defined as designing roads to foster broader community goals, including providing access to employment, schools, businesses and residences, accommodate a range of travel modes such as walking, bicycling, transit, and automobiles, and minimizing fuel use, emissions and environmental damage.
Geometric roadway design can be broken into three main parts: alignment, profile, and cross-section. Combined, they provide a three-dimensional layout for a roadway.
The alignment is the route of the road, defined as a series of horizontal tangents and curves.
The profile is the vertical aspect of the road, including crest and sag curves, and the straight grade lines connecting them.
The cross section shows the position and number of vehicle and bicycle lanes and sidewalks, along with their cross slope or banking. Cross sections also show drainage features, pavement structure and other items outside the category of geometric design.
#source:
1. Highway Engineering by: Khanna & Justo
2. Wikipedia
Widening of pavements (Highway Engineering)youtube link: https://youtu.be/mLB...Harish Shakya
find the video lecture on my you channel, the link is given below-
https://youtu.be/mLBGZ1Lb_ic
This lecture is in continuation of Lecture - I (Superelevation: Horizontal Alignment). Here the radius of the horizontal curve and widening of pavement on the horizontal curve is discussed under the horizontal alignment section of the geometric design of the highway. Numerical problems are discussed to understand the concepts easily. I hope it will help you to understand the geometric design of the highway.
Don't forget to watch other lectures on highway engineering and project planning management on my channel.
Please hit the like button if you like the content. Don't forget to share and subscribe to my channel.
Bearing capacity at the pavement side - the NVF method, HVTT12 Granlund et alJohan Granlund
Traditional pavement bearing capacity analysis is based on an assumption of infinite geometry without any road edge; ”geometric compatibility”. This simplification leads to systematic under-dimensioned pavements at roads with narrow shoulders. The need for a model for analysis of bearing capacity at the road edge was pointed out by Nils Odemark already in 1956. As showed in the WAASHO Road Test in 1955, roads with weak edges exhibit fast deterioration, resulting in damages such as rutting, cracking and roughness in the outer (truck) wheel path. In Sweden, some 10 % of budgets for maintenance of paved roads are spent on repair of road edge deformations. For truckers, road edge damages on narrow roads bring serious risk for loss-of-control crashes. The crash type where most truck drivers are injured is the rollover. A high CoG makes heavy trucks prone to lateral forces, such as from roll-vibration at non-uniform road edge deformations. In the Nordic countries, over 1 000 truck rollovers occur every year. Roll-related lateral buffeting is particularly hazardous on ice-slippery surfaces, as it may cause the truck (or driver, by improper manoeuvring) to skid. Sustainable road edges require a relevant method for analysis of bearing capacity. Such a method has been in use in Denmark for decades. This method is based on classic geo-technological analysis as established by Terzaghi, and it has now been updated. The model shows that with regular 0.25 m shoulder, the outer wheel path may have as little as 45 % of the bearing capacity at the road centre. Sensitivity analysis shows that key factors are slope towards ditch, shoulder width, depth of ditch and pavement bearing capacity at the road centre. The method is currently being reviewed in the Norwegian Durable Roads programme, where achieving stable road edges have been given top priority. The insight from the sensitivity analysis has also made an immediate impact on the largest road reinforcement project ever in Sweden, the 157 km Pajala iron ore express road, a road that will be serving a 90 ton high-capacity truck every 7´th minute starting in 2013. The method for analysis of bearing capacity at the road edge is published as Nordic Road Association´s Report 04/2012.
Traffic safety risks with EU-semitrailers on slippery roads.
Safety gains for heavy trailers from increased crossfall in road curves.
C/B-analysis: Increasing crossfall is profitable.
Wide shoulder: Effective “barrier” to crashes.
Sweden implementing new pavement condition parameter "Rut Bottom Cross Slope Variance" (tvärfallsvariation) in 2016.
Improved heavy vehicle safety by increased lane widening in curves.
Cutting fuel consumption tenfold per cents, by repair of road damages
The geometric design of roads is the branch of highway engineering concerned with the positioning of the physical elements of the roadway according to standards and constraints. The basic objectives in geometric design are to optimize efficiency and safety while minimizing cost and environmental damage. Geometric design also affects an emerging fifth objective called "livability," which is defined as designing roads to foster broader community goals, including providing access to employment, schools, businesses and residences, accommodate a range of travel modes such as walking, bicycling, transit, and automobiles, and minimizing fuel use, emissions and environmental damage.
Geometric roadway design can be broken into three main parts: alignment, profile, and cross-section. Combined, they provide a three-dimensional layout for a roadway.
The alignment is the route of the road, defined as a series of horizontal tangents and curves.
The profile is the vertical aspect of the road, including crest and sag curves, and the straight grade lines connecting them.
The cross section shows the position and number of vehicle and bicycle lanes and sidewalks, along with their cross slope or banking. Cross sections also show drainage features, pavement structure and other items outside the category of geometric design.
#source:
1. Highway Engineering by: Khanna & Justo
2. Wikipedia
Widening of pavements (Highway Engineering)youtube link: https://youtu.be/mLB...Harish Shakya
find the video lecture on my you channel, the link is given below-
https://youtu.be/mLBGZ1Lb_ic
This lecture is in continuation of Lecture - I (Superelevation: Horizontal Alignment). Here the radius of the horizontal curve and widening of pavement on the horizontal curve is discussed under the horizontal alignment section of the geometric design of the highway. Numerical problems are discussed to understand the concepts easily. I hope it will help you to understand the geometric design of the highway.
Don't forget to watch other lectures on highway engineering and project planning management on my channel.
Please hit the like button if you like the content. Don't forget to share and subscribe to my channel.
Bearing capacity at the pavement side - the NVF method, HVTT12 Granlund et alJohan Granlund
Traditional pavement bearing capacity analysis is based on an assumption of infinite geometry without any road edge; ”geometric compatibility”. This simplification leads to systematic under-dimensioned pavements at roads with narrow shoulders. The need for a model for analysis of bearing capacity at the road edge was pointed out by Nils Odemark already in 1956. As showed in the WAASHO Road Test in 1955, roads with weak edges exhibit fast deterioration, resulting in damages such as rutting, cracking and roughness in the outer (truck) wheel path. In Sweden, some 10 % of budgets for maintenance of paved roads are spent on repair of road edge deformations. For truckers, road edge damages on narrow roads bring serious risk for loss-of-control crashes. The crash type where most truck drivers are injured is the rollover. A high CoG makes heavy trucks prone to lateral forces, such as from roll-vibration at non-uniform road edge deformations. In the Nordic countries, over 1 000 truck rollovers occur every year. Roll-related lateral buffeting is particularly hazardous on ice-slippery surfaces, as it may cause the truck (or driver, by improper manoeuvring) to skid. Sustainable road edges require a relevant method for analysis of bearing capacity. Such a method has been in use in Denmark for decades. This method is based on classic geo-technological analysis as established by Terzaghi, and it has now been updated. The model shows that with regular 0.25 m shoulder, the outer wheel path may have as little as 45 % of the bearing capacity at the road centre. Sensitivity analysis shows that key factors are slope towards ditch, shoulder width, depth of ditch and pavement bearing capacity at the road centre. The method is currently being reviewed in the Norwegian Durable Roads programme, where achieving stable road edges have been given top priority. The insight from the sensitivity analysis has also made an immediate impact on the largest road reinforcement project ever in Sweden, the 157 km Pajala iron ore express road, a road that will be serving a 90 ton high-capacity truck every 7´th minute starting in 2013. The method for analysis of bearing capacity at the road edge is published as Nordic Road Association´s Report 04/2012.
Traffic safety risks with EU-semitrailers on slippery roads.
Safety gains for heavy trailers from increased crossfall in road curves.
C/B-analysis: Increasing crossfall is profitable.
Wide shoulder: Effective “barrier” to crashes.
Sweden implementing new pavement condition parameter "Rut Bottom Cross Slope Variance" (tvärfallsvariation) in 2016.
Improved heavy vehicle safety by increased lane widening in curves.
Cutting fuel consumption tenfold per cents, by repair of road damages
A presentation on highway geometric design which includes:
definition,
Goals,
Road Alignment,
Its cross section,
Pavement Design, &
Theory about super Elevation
Content- Design of horizontal alignment: horizontal curves, design of super elevation and its provision, radius at horizontal curves, widening of pavements at horizontal curves, analysis of transition curves.
Design of vertical alignment: different types of gradients, grade compensation on curves, analysis of vertical curves, summit curves, valley curves.
Intersection: at grade and grade separated intersections, speed change lanes, Canalization, Design of rotary intersection
21/08/2015 · Department of Civil Technology Written By: Ahmed Zakaria Page 11 Hosting Company: Fig 2: Al haramain Company headquarter Company address: Al Haramain Company for Commerce and Contracting Building Al Nahda Area Jeddah 2233 Saudi Arabia +966 2 694 2000 ahc@haramain.com.sa. 12.
www.slideshare.net › surveying-internship-reportSite Survey Report - SlideShare
12/08/2015 · Department of Civil Technology Written By: Ahmed Zakaria Page 15 Hosting Company: a) Report writing Reporting is a controlling / informative mechanism which will help in evaluating the status of a project. It also help decision makers to follow the status of the project without being present physically on the site.
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It has been operational in Pakistan since 1989. Toyota is a one of a kind Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer. As of September 2018, it was the sixth largest company in the world in terms of revenue. The economic conditions however have not been very favorable for the automotive industry.
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transportation Engineering.Highway planning,alignment and geometry.ayudge
Broad description of highway planning,alignments and geometric design,factors involved in it.
history of road development in india.
all 20 year plan.
stopping sight distance.
overtaking sight distance.
P.I.E.V theory and lots more.
Highway engineering is an engineering discipline branching out from civil engineering. This subject involves the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of roads, bridges, and tunnels to ensure safe and effective transportation of people and goods. There are certain geological conditions which should be considered while laying the highways. This module give those details in general.
If the overall STP plant can have a constant water flow from the wastewater treatment process and the electrical generator can work well in the application, the electrical power generation is possible to feedback to the STP electrical board panel for pumping and STP auxiliary application.
Hence it will have a self-ecosystem in both water treatment and electrical generation and therefore provides alternative energy for the treatment plant to operate using its own flowing water from the wastewater treatment process.
Mega Jati is a Certified Training Provider for the Ministry of Finance (MOF) Malaysia, Human Resource Development Fund (HRDF), Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB), Environmental Institute of Malaysia (EiMAS) and Energy Commission (ST) for Continuous Professional Development (CPD), Supervision and Management Program. All trainings by Mega Jati are HRDF Claimable.
Our aim is to produce competent skilled personnel, certified and qualified that in line with the TVET Frameworks for the future of Malaysian Industry.
This presentation explains our TVET Programs.
Mega Jati ACADEMY, the training, and education arm of Mega Jati Consult founded in 2017 have been authorized by training bodies and organizations and was acknowledged through stringent training criteria set forth by relevant governing authorities.
The ACADEMY is developing its training potential and geared up to meet the training needs of various disciplines in the construction industry. Through certification by the Human Resource Development Fund (HRDF) and Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB), the ACADEMY is accredited to provide Continuous Professional Development Programmes (CPD) and other accreditation programmes.
This slide is prepared as a brief of Mega Jati ACADEMY Introduction for public.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
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UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
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UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
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Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
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We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
From Siloed Products to Connected Ecosystem: Building a Sustainable and Scala...
Construction Technology
1. RET 565: CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY & INFRASTRUCTURE “ WHAT ARE THE FACTORS CONTROLLING ALIGNMENT OF ROAD?” GROUPS MEMBERS : HAFIZATUN NADIAH BT MOHD NOOR JUNAIDAH BT JAILANI ZUHAILA BT ZAKARIA FARHANA BT SAFAR KHAIRUL ANUAR BT MA’AROF