This document discusses effective communication in school organizations. It covers the importance of communication, the communication process, types of communication flows (downward, upward, horizontal, diagonal), barriers to communication, and techniques to improve communication.
Some key points include:
- Communication is vital for school administrators and the lifeblood of the organization.
- The communication process involves developing an idea, encoding a message, transmitting it, receiving it, decoding it, and acting on it.
- Downward communication is used to clarify goals and policies but can be distorted or selective. Upward communication provides feedback but may be filtered.
- Barriers include different frames of reference, filtering, information overload, semantics issues, and status
1. communication
2. process
3. categories
4. barriers and how to overcome each of them
5. 7Cs of communication
6. communication skill
7. top 10 skills
8. importance of communication skills
9. case studies
Communication is the art of transmitting information, ideas and attitudes from one person to another. Communication is the process of meaningful interaction among human beings. Also communication is important in organisation.
What is communication, types of communication, Barriers in communicationAsmat Ullah
in this presentation you can describe complete topic of Communication skills including types of communication, 7C's formula and barriers of communication
communication process, verbal & non verbal communication, oral & written communication, importance of communication, communication flow, communication barrier, 7 C's of communication, listening skills, types of listening, 7 ways to improve ur listening, barriers of listening
Meaning of Communication
Characteristics of Communication
Process of Communication
Types of Communication
Levels of Communication
Barriers of Communication
Communication process ,Communication Components, barriers,science book
Communication process ,barriers, how improve communication process.
This presentation helps to improve yous communication skills. Make you more confident and skillful.
1. communication
2. process
3. categories
4. barriers and how to overcome each of them
5. 7Cs of communication
6. communication skill
7. top 10 skills
8. importance of communication skills
9. case studies
Communication is the art of transmitting information, ideas and attitudes from one person to another. Communication is the process of meaningful interaction among human beings. Also communication is important in organisation.
What is communication, types of communication, Barriers in communicationAsmat Ullah
in this presentation you can describe complete topic of Communication skills including types of communication, 7C's formula and barriers of communication
communication process, verbal & non verbal communication, oral & written communication, importance of communication, communication flow, communication barrier, 7 C's of communication, listening skills, types of listening, 7 ways to improve ur listening, barriers of listening
Meaning of Communication
Characteristics of Communication
Process of Communication
Types of Communication
Levels of Communication
Barriers of Communication
Communication process ,Communication Components, barriers,science book
Communication process ,barriers, how improve communication process.
This presentation helps to improve yous communication skills. Make you more confident and skillful.
,
business communication
,
formal communication
,
informal communication
,
verbal communication
,
non verbal communication
,
communication
,
methods of communication
,
barriers to communication
This was our class presentation which was about communication. In this presentation I have covered many topics like Communication, Basic Forms of Communication, Elements of Communication, Communication in an Organization, Effective Communication, Communication Barriers, How to Overcome Barriers etc.
what is Communication
Basic Interpersonal Communication Model
Communication process model
One-way and two-way communication
Channels of communication
Communication media
The presentation provides an outline of effective communication.
It covers Effective communication, ten commandments, the process of communication, purpose and types of communication.
this presentation talk about the effective communication and how to be effective communication and also what the most important method that used to deliver the message and how to give effective feedback and how to be effective listener.
A communication channel refers either to a physical transmission medium such as a wire, or to a logical connection over a multiplexed medium such as a radio channel in telecommunications and computer networking..
https://www.linkedin.com/in/nikhil-nkady/
https://www.slideshare.net/NikhilKadam66
,
business communication
,
formal communication
,
informal communication
,
verbal communication
,
non verbal communication
,
communication
,
methods of communication
,
barriers to communication
This was our class presentation which was about communication. In this presentation I have covered many topics like Communication, Basic Forms of Communication, Elements of Communication, Communication in an Organization, Effective Communication, Communication Barriers, How to Overcome Barriers etc.
what is Communication
Basic Interpersonal Communication Model
Communication process model
One-way and two-way communication
Channels of communication
Communication media
The presentation provides an outline of effective communication.
It covers Effective communication, ten commandments, the process of communication, purpose and types of communication.
this presentation talk about the effective communication and how to be effective communication and also what the most important method that used to deliver the message and how to give effective feedback and how to be effective listener.
A communication channel refers either to a physical transmission medium such as a wire, or to a logical connection over a multiplexed medium such as a radio channel in telecommunications and computer networking..
https://www.linkedin.com/in/nikhil-nkady/
https://www.slideshare.net/NikhilKadam66
To succeed in your organization or business depends on how effective communicator you are. Know the basic yet essential information in dealing with people.
A presentation on business communicationPRIYANKAVP4
This power point presentation involves meaning of business communication, its characteristics, elements of communication, process of communication etc.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Assuring Contact Center Experiences for Your Customers With ThousandEyes
Communication skills week 3
1. WEEK 3
Benefits of Effective Communication
Challenges of Business Communication
BY
WARDAH AZHAR
2. Important Questions:
Why is communication important in school
organizations?
What are the steps in the communication process?
Why is it difficult to obtain accurate information
from upward and downward communication
flows?
3. What symbol systems do humans use in their
efforts to communicate?
What role does non-verbal communication play
in the process?
What are the barriers to effective
communication?
What are some techniques we can use to
overcome these barriers?
What influence has technology had on
communication?
4. Importance of Communication
Communication is the life blood of the school
organization, just a walk through a typical
school and one can observe numerous
communication activities.
Secretaries are typing memos, reports and
letters, and communicating with the public on
the telephone.
5. Principals are in conference with teachers or
students, or members of the community, as well
as with school board members
Teachers are communicating with students,
exchanging information
Dieticians are exchanging ideas with the
lunchroom staff and on and on and on…
Today’s school administrator has a complex job
and effective communication is vital for their
survival
6. The Steps Involved in the
Communication Process:
Ideating – developing an idea or message –
information to be transmitted
Encoding – symbols, words, non verbal
cues, pictures or diagrams
Transmitting – memos, letters, telephone, e-
mail, policies, face to face verbal
communication
7. DEVELOPS
IDEA
ENCODES TRANSMITS BARRIER
SENDER MESSAGE RECEIVER
RECIEVES BARRIER DECODES ACTS
SENDER
ADMIN
FACULTY
STUDENTS
BOARD
MEMBERS
PARENTS
STATE
GOVT.
FED.
GOVT.
ENCODING
VOCAL
INFLECTION
PICTURES
DIAGRAMS
NON
VERBAL
WORDS
CHARTS
STEPS IN THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
13. PROXEMICS
(PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT)
INTIMATE ZONE
ZERO –TWO FEET
PERSONAL ZONE
TWO-FOUR FEET
SOCIAL ZONE
FOUR-TWELVE
FEET
PUBLIC ZONE
MORE THAN
TWELVE FEET
MUST KNOW THEM INTIMATELY WELL ACQUAINTED
USUALLY TREAT THEM AS IF THEY DON’T EXISTACQUAINTANCE WITH A PURPOSE
14. Physical Space , Consider This:
Employees of higher status have bigger, better,
offices, better furniture, more windows etc.
Offices of higher status employees are better
protected
Superiors feel free to walk in on subordinates
Subordinates hesitate to walk in on superiors
16. Downward Communication
Used by most large schools that are hierarchical in nature
Flows from Superintendent to Assistant Superintendent to
Principal to Assistant Principals to Faculty to students
Necessary to clarify district’s goals, provide a sense of
mission, assist in indoctrinating new employees, inform
employees about educational changes that impact the
district and to provide subordinates with data regarding
their performance
17. Problems With Downward Communication
Subordinates select and prioritize messages in accordance
with their perception of their boss’s
character, personality, and motivation
Sender does not devote enough time to learn whether
messages have been received and understood
Those at the top may shut off this channel at certain times
and on certain subjects or withhold information on a need to
know basis
Downward communication tends to be dominate in
mechanistic organizations, as opposed to organic systems
which are more open and unidirectional in flows of
information.
18. WAYS TO IMPROVE DOWNWARD
COMMUNICATION
Adopt training sessions for administrators to
help them learn better ways to communicate
Get out of the office and walk around, talk to
employees on “the firing line”
Conduct regular supervisory-subordinate
discussion sessions, which will help
identify, analyze, and solve problems in
collaboration with subordinates
20. Benefits
Provides feedback to administrators from
downward communication
Helps monitor decision making effectiveness
Helps gauge organizational climate
Deals with problem areas quickly
Provides needed information to administrators
21. Problems With Upward Communication
Subject to filtering and distortion because subordinates
do not want superiors to gain information that could be
damaging to the subordinates
Highly cohesive groups tend to withhold information
that might be damaging to the group as a whole
Lower level subordinates show less openness to upward
communication than those who are at higher levels in
the organization
22. DEVELOPS
IDEA
ENCODES TRANSMITS BARRIER
SENDER MESSAGE RECEIVER
RECIEVES BARRIER DECODES ACTS
SENDER
ADMIN
FACULTY
STUDENTS
BOARD
MEMBERS
PARENTS
STATE
GOVT.
FED.
GOVT.
ENCODING
VOCAL
INFLECTION
PICTURES
DIAGRAMS
NON
VERBAL
WORDS
CHARTS
STEPS IN THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
28. PROXEMICS
(PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT)
INTIMATE ZONE
ZERO –TWO FEET
PERSONAL ZONE
TWO-FOUR FEET
SOCIAL ZONE
FOUR-TWELVE
FEET
PUBLIC ZONE
MORE THAN
TWELVE FEET
MUST KNOW THEM INTIMATELY WELL ACQUAINTED
USUALLY TREAT THEM AS IF THEY DON’T EXISTACQUAINTANCE WITH A PURPOSE
29. Physical Space Consider This:
Employees of higher status have bigger, better,
offices, better furniture, more windows etc.
Offices of higher status employees are better
protected
Superiors feel free to walk in on subordinates
Subordinates hesitate to walk in on superiors
31. Downward Communication
Used by most large schools that are hierarchical in nature
Flows from Superintendent to Assistant Superintendent to
Principal to Assistant Principals to Faculty to students
Necessary to clarify district’s goals, provide a sense of
mission, assist in indoctrinating new employees, inform
employees about educational changes that impact the
district and to provide subordinates with data regarding
their performance
32. PROBLEMS WITH DOWNWARD
COMMUNICATION
Subordinates select and prioritize messages in accordance with
their perception of their boss’s character, personality, and
motivation
Sender does not devote enough time to learn whether messages
have been received and understood
Those at the top may shut off this channel at certain times and on
certain subjects or withhold information on a need to know basis
Downward communication tends to be dominate in mechanistic
organizations, as opposed to organic systems which are more open
and unidirectional in flows of information.
33. WAYS TO IMPROVE DOWNWARD COMMUNICATION
Adopt training sessions for administrators to
help them learn better ways to communicate
Get out of the office and walk around, talk to
employees on “the firing line”
Conduct regular supervisory-subordinate
discussion sessions, which will help identify,
analyze, and solve problems in collaboration
with subordinates
34. EMPLOYEE MEETINGS
Meetings to probe job problems, and needs
Determine what administrative practices help or hinder
subordinate job performance
Provide feedback to administrators and encourage subordinates
to offer ideas
Help subordinates feel self worth and importance
Studies show these meetings reduce turnover and improve
subordinates attitudes
35. EMPLOYEE MEETINGS
Meetings to probe job problems, and needs
Determine what administrative practices help or hinder
subordinate job performance
Provide feedback to administrators and encourage subordinates
to offer ideas
Help subordinates feel self worth and importance
Studies show these meetings reduce turnover and improve
subordinates attitudes
36. OPEN DOOR POLICY
Encourages subordinates to walk in and talk to
administrators many levels up
They are encouraged to talk with immediate supervisors first
to eliminate resentment among administrators who are
bypassed
Some barriers exist such as subordinates who do not want to
be identified as having a problem
37. EMPLOYEE LETTERS
Subordinates can submit letters to administrators or
suggestions
All letters are anonymous
All submissions must be answered without delay
Replies can be delivered to the appropriate lower level
administrators in cases where the communicator is
anonymous
38. PARTICIPATION IN SOCIAL GROUPS
Act as unplanned upward communication
Examples are:
Parties, picnics, golf outings, cookouts, retreats, and
other employer-sponsored events
Main barrier can sometimes be a lack of attendance
40. ASSIST. SUPT.
FOR PERSONNEL
DIRECTOR OF
PERSONNEL
CHIEF
NEGOTIATOR
SUPERINTENDENT
ASST. SUPT. FOR
INSTRUCTION
ASST. SUPT.FOR
BUSINESS
ELEM. ED.
COORDINATOR
SECONDARY ED.
COORDINATOR
ELEMENTARY
PRINCIPAL
SECONDARY
PRINCIPAL
DIAGIONAL COMMUNICATION
ACCOUNTANTS
41. I Heard It Through The Grapevine
Used when employees feel the organizational forms of
communication have failed
Exists in all organizations
Nearly five out of six messages are carried this way
rather than formal methods of communication
This form of communication is very rapid
It has both positive and negative features
42. Positive features include:
Keeps subordinates informed about important
organizational matters
Gives school administrators insight about subordinates
attitudes
Provides subordinates a relief valve to vent emotions
Provides a test of subordinates feelings about a new
procedure or policy without making formal commitments
Helps build morale by passing positive comments
regarding the organization
Rumor- is the one item that gives the grapevine its bad
reputation
43. FRAMES OF REFRENCE
PEOPLE INTREPRET COMMUNICATIONS DIFFERENTLY DUE TO:
LEARNING CULTURE EXPERIENCES
IF PARTICIPANTS
HAVE A
COMMON FRAME
OF REFERENCE
EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
IF FRAMES OF
REFERENCE ARE
DIFFERENT
COMMUNICATION
MAY BE
DISTORTED
44. FILTERING
CAN BE
INTENTIONAL
OR
UNINTENTIONAL
ERRORS IN
ENCODING
AND DECODING
DUE TO
DIFFERENT
FRAMES OF
REFERENCE
EXPERIENCELEARNING CULTURE
ADMINISTRATORS
WITHHOLD
NEGATIVE
INFORMATION
EMPLOYEES
MANIPULATE INFORMAITON
IN ORDER TO AVOID
THE APPEARANCE
OF HAVING A PROBLEM
46. INFORMATION OVERLOAD
UNCERTAINTY
DUE TO
EXTERNAL
TURBULANCE
INCREASED
SPECIALIZATION
LEARNING DISABILITIES
EMOTIONALLY DISTURBED
EDUCABLE MENTALLY HANDICAPPED
PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED
ADVANCES IN COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY
COMPUTERS
THE INTERNET
MORE INFORMATION
THAN SCHOOLS CAN ABSORB
ADMINISTRATORS SELECT PARTS
OF INFORMATION IN ORDER
TO MAKE DECISIONS
WHICH RESULT
IN BAD DECISIONS
47. SEMANTICS
DIFFERENT
WORDS
HAVE DIFFERENT
MEANING TO
DIFFERENT PEOPLE
SENDER CANNOT
TRANSMIT
UNDERSTANDING
OR
MEANING
CONCRETE WORDS
HAVE LITTLE
DIFFERENCE FROM
SENDER TO
RECIEVER
ABSTRACT WORDS
MAY
CAUSE
DECODING PROBLEMS
(SEMANTICS)
COMPUTER
TYPEWRITER
BOOK
OFFICE
LOVE
HAPPINESS
LIBERAL
CONSERVATIVE
48. STATUS DIFFERENCES
CREATED BY:
TITLES
OFFICE SIZE
FURNISHINGS
CARPET STYLE
STATIONARY
PRIVATE SECRETARY
RESERVED PARKING
SALARY
THOSE WITH HIGHER
STATUS HAVE MORE
COMMUNICATION
DEMANDS ON THEM
NECESSITATES
LIMITING
COMMUNICATION
TO THOSE WHO
HAVE DIRECT INFLUENCE
49. ELEMENTS THAT CAN HELP WITH
OVERCOMING COMMUNICATION BARRIERS
EMPATHY UNDERSTANDINGREPETITION
FEEDBACK LISTENING
50. REPETITION
SEND THE SAME
MESSAGE
OVER, AND OVER
AND OVER
USE MULTIPLE
CHANNELS
TELEPHONE
LETTER
MEMO
FACE TO FACE
USING
THIS METHOD
REDUCES
CHANCE OF
COMMUNICATION
ERROR
EXAMPLE:
FOLLOW UP
FACE TO FACE
WITH A
LETTER OR
MEMO
LETTER OR MEMO
ALSO SERVES AS
REMINDER
OR
DOCUMENTATION
IF NEEDED
MULTIPLE
CHANNELS
EXPRESS TO THE
RECEIVER
THE IMPORTANCE
OF THE
MESSAGE
51. EMPATHY
A TECHNIQUE TO
UNDERSTAND THE
RECEIVERS
FRAME OF
REFERENCE
SENDER SHOULD
PUT THEMSELVES
IN THE RECEIVERS
SHOES
WHEN COMPOSING
THE MESSAGE
THE GREATER THE
GAP IN LEARNING,
CULTURE, AND
EXPERIENCES THE
GREATER THE
EFFORT
MUST BE
52. UNDERSTANDING
COMMUNICATION
IS ONLY
EFFECTIVE TO THE
EXTENT THAT THE
SENDER AND
RECEIVER
BOTH HAVE A HIGH
DEGREE OF
UNDERSTANDING
ADMINISTRATORS
MUST ENCODE
MESSAGES IN
WORDS AND SYMBOLS
THAT ARE
UNDERSTANDABLE TO
THE RECEIVER
SOME RESEARCH
HAS SHOWN
THAT
MUCH OF THE
COMMUNICATION
SENT TO
EMPLOYEES IS
BEYOND THE LEVEL
OF THEIR READING
ABILITIES
53. FEEDBACK
FEEDBACK IS A
MUST TO
ENSURE THAT
MESSAGES HAVE
BEEN UNDERSTOOD
AND RECEIVED
AND HELPS THE
SENDER AND
RECEIVER OBTAIN
MUTUAL
UNDERSTANDING
STUDIES SHOW
THAT SCHOOLS
THAT USE
DOWNWARD
COMMUNICATION
NEED EFFECTIVE
UPWARD
COMMUNICATION
TO HAVE
EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
54. TWO WAY COMMUNICATION TAKES MORE TIME BUT PROVIDES
MORE SATISFACTION AND IS RECOMMENDED IN ALL BUT THE
SIMPLEST AND ROUTINE TRANSMISSIONS OF INFORMATION
TO SOLICIT FEED BACK TRY THESE QUESTIONS:
How do you feel about my statement?
What do you think?
What did you hear me say?
Do you see any problems with what we have talked about
55. SUGGESTIONS REGARDING FEEDBACK
PROMOTE AND CULTIVATE FEEDBACK BUT DON’T FORCE IT
REWARD THOSE WHO PROVIDE FEEDBACK AND USE IT
WHEN POSSIBLE GO STRAIGHT TO THE SOURCE AND OBSERVE
THE RESULTS-DON’T WAIT FOR FEEDBACK
GIVE FEEDBACK TO SUBORDINATES ON THE OUTPUT OF
FEEDBACK RECEIVED
56. LISTENING
ADMINISTRATORS SPEND OVER 70% OF THEIR TIME COMMUNICATING
ESTIMATES INDICATE THAT OVER 30% IS DEVOTED TO LISTENING
TESTS OF LISTENING COMPREHENSION SUGGEST THAT THESE
INDIVIDUALS LISTEN AT ONLY 25% EFFICIENCY
ADMINISTRATORS MUST LISTEN MORE EFFECTIVELY IN ORDER
TO COMMUNICATE MORE EFFECTIVELY
57. SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVING LISTENING SKILLS
STOP TALKING
PUT THE TALKER AT EASE
SHOW THE TALKER YOU WANT TO LISTEN
REMOVE DISTRACTIONS
EMPATHIZE WITH THE TALKER
BE PATIENT
HOLD YOUR TEMPER
GO EASY ON ARGUMENT AND CRITICISM
STOP TALKING
58. SUMMARY
Communication is an important skill because school
administrators spend over 70% of their time
communicating
The process involves six steps:
ideating, encoding, transmitting, receiving, decoding, a
nd acting. Non-verbal communication involves
encoding and decoding body language
Vocal cues, use of time, and spatial relationships help
us to understand vocal messages
59. SUMMARY CONTINUED
Communication within school organizations flow in
four directions, downward, upward, horizontally, and
The major informal information flow is called the
grapevine
The grapevine carries both accurate information and
rumors
The barriers to effective communication include
differing frames of reference, structure, information
overload, semantics, and status differences
60. SUMMARY CONTINUED
Techniques for overcoming barriers to communication
include repetition, empathy, understanding, feedback,
and listening
62. Globalization
For a company it means to “survive
To establish markets (both local and foreign)
The world is a large mix of nationalities and people.
63.
64. Global context
Culture Ethnocentrism
Behavioral characteristics
of a nation/ community.
Judging other groups or
countries by the cultural
standards of your group.
65. Try to Guess in which Countries the
Following Communication and Cultural
Habits Exist
What do you think of culture in which people sign
their last names first?
What is your reaction when two signatures appear at
the bottom of a bussiness letter?
Why don’t people put the month first, then the
day, rather than day first, then the month?
What is your impression of a foreign letter that is
intentionally not concise?