This Ppt will give you an idea about communication and its process.

1. Prepared By
Md Rajik Hussen
Piramal Foundation
*

2. Communication, the process of transmitting thoughts, feelings, facts and other
information, includes verbal and nonverbal behavior.
*DEFINITION

3. Communication
Process

5. * THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
Definition:
Communication Process
The process by which a message, encoded by a sender, is transmitted through a
medium to a receiver, who encodes the message and provides feedback.

6. *Elements of the Communication Process
Sender
Message
 Mode / Method
Receiver
Feedback

7. *Elements of the Communication Process
1) Sender:
A person or group who wish to convey a message to another.
This person or group must have a reason or an idea for communicating.
The sender then must choose certain words or symbols to express the idea.
This is called encoding.
2) Message:
What is actually said or written
The gestures/body language used

8. *Elements of the Communication Process
3) Channel/Mode
The method used to deliver the message.
The message can be in the form of a letter, telephone, e-mail etc.
4) Receiver
Any person who receives that particular message and attaches some meaning to it.
This person must either listen, read, hear or observe, to understand the message.
Then the message has to be decoded – to relate the received message to the storehouse
(brain) to sort out the meanings of the message.

9. *Elements of the Communication Process
5) Feedback
It is a response from the receiver
From the response, the sender is able to verify the intended message has
been received by the receiver.
Now the sender becomes the receiver and this process goes on in a
communication process.

10. *Modes of Communication
Communication is usually goes through two different modes:
1) Verbal
2) Non-verbal

11. *Verbal Communication
 Is the use of words, either spoken or written
 Methods – speaking, listening, writing & reading
 Important aspects / points to be considered:
1. Pace and intonation
2. Simplicity
3. Clarity
4. Timing & relevance
5. Adaptability
6. Credibility
7. Humor

12. 1) Pace & Intonation
Pace or Rhythm and Intonation will modify the impact of the message
E.g. Speaking softly and slowly to an excited client may help to calm the client.
2) Simplicity
* Use of commonly understood words, brevity and completeness.
* Nurses must learn to select appropriate understandable terms base on the age,
knowledge, culture and education of the client.
3) Clarity & Brevity (precision)
*A message that is direct and simple will be more effective. Use few words as
possible to get the meaning across.

13. 4) Timing & Relevance
*Timing needs to be appropriate - to ensure that the words are being heard.
*Also involves sensitivity to the needs of the clients.
5) Adaptability
*Spoken messages may need to be altered in accordance to the behavioral cues from
the client.
*If the client appears sad, then the nurse needs to modify her tone of speech and
facial expression accordingly.

14. 6) Credibility
- worthiness of belief, trustworthiness and reliability
*Trustworthiness.
*Consistency.
*Dependable
*Honest.
*Confident
7) Humor
Applied at the right moment, it can relieve or reduce the moment of tension.

15. *Non-Verbal Communication
 Non verbal communication - known as body language.
 Includes gestures, body movements, use of touch & physical appearance

16. *Non-Verbal Communication
Clients can observe and interpret nurses’ response through their non-
verbal behaviors.
Non verbal communication can be assessed by:
 1. Personal Appearance
 2. Posture & Gait
 3. Facial Expression
 4. Gestures
 5. Touch

17. 1. Personal Appearance
 clothing and adornments can be sources of information about a person.
 It may convey social and financial status, culture, religion, group association
and self-concept.
2. Posture & Gait
Erect posture & an active purposeful stride suggest a feeling of well being.
Slouched posture may mean depression or physical discomfort.
3. Facial Expressions
Nurses need to be aware of their own expressions and what they are communicating to
others.
If a client is worried about his/her diagnosis, there has to be eye contact when the nurse is
answering his/her queries.

18. 4. Gestures
 Hand & body gestures may emphasize and clarify the spoken words.
When handling deaf & dumb clients, gestures are invaluable in communication.
5. Touch
 It is a powerful nonverbal medium of communication.
 It can communicate a sense of caring.
 Should be used cautiously with clients who are:
- confused
- aggressive
- suspicious
- victims of abuse