Communication is the process of exchanging ideas, feelings, and information between two or more people to reach mutual understanding. It involves a sender encoding a message, transmitting it through a medium, which is then decoded by the receiver. Effective communication requires clarity, consistency, and credibility. The document discusses various types of communication including intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, public, and mass communication. Non-verbal communication complements verbal communication through body language, facial expressions, touch, space, and other cues.

1. COMMUNICATION
Reshmi Naskar
Asst.Professor, NSMC

2. WHAT IS COMMUNICATION ???

3. Communication is the process by which
two or more people exchange ideas
,facts, feelings, information to reach to
a mutual understanding about a topic
or problem of mutual importance.
The term communication is derived form
the Latin word ‘COMMUNIS’ which means
common or community for good reason.

4. “Communication is what receiver understands
and not what the sender says”

5. ‘Communication is the transfer of information and understanding from one
person to another.It is the way of reaching others with facts ,ideas, thoughts
and values –Keith Davis
‘Communication is any behaviour that results in an exchange of meaning” –
American Management Association.
Effective Communication is a purposive symbolic interchange resulting in a
workable understanding agreement between the sender and the receiver.” –
George T. Vardaman.
The process by which information is passed between people by means of
previously agreed symbols in order to produce a desired response. –Peter
Little
The process by which an idea is transferred from a source to a receiver with
the intention of changing his or her behavior –Rogers and Rogers
Communication is a process of sending meaningful messages from one
person to another .The messages could be oral , written, visual or olfactory. It
is a process which increases commonality but also requires elements of
commonality to occur. –Dennis Mac Quail

6. It is a process in which participants share information with one another
in order to reach mutual understanding about a topic or problem of
mutual importance. –D.Lawrence Kincaid
Communication arises out of the need to reduce uncertainty ,to act
effectively, to defend, or strengthen the ego…communication ceases
when meaning are adequate ,it is initiated as soon as new meanings are
required –D.C.Barnland
 It includes all procedures by which one mind may affect another. This
of course involves not only written and oral speech ,but also music ,
pictorial marts , the theatre ,the ballet and infact all human behavior. –
Shannon and Warren Weaver. A mechanism by which human relations
exist and develop and the symbols of mind together with means of
conveying them through space and preserving them in time –Charles
Cooley.

8. Origin of Communication can be traced back to the origin of civilization
Non verbal communication –signs,symbols,grunts
Verbal form of communication-Spoken form
Written communication –Symbols, drawings
Print communication (1820)

9. Electronic form of communication –Radio(1930)
Television (1959)
Digitalization of Communication Tools(1995)

11. Sender Encoding Message/Media Decoding
Feedback Response Receiver

12. 1.Sender
2.Encoding
3.Message
4.Media
5.Decoding
6.Receiver
7.Response
8.Feedback
9.Noise

13. TYPES
Verbal Non -Verbal
1.Verbal Communication –
Communication through words
of mouth.
2.Non –verbal communication -
Communication through non
verbal messages.

14. NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION

15. DEFINATION –Communication
involving all non verbal stimuli in a
communication setting generated
by an individual and individual’s
use of the environment.
Non Verbal Communication –
1.Repeats what was said verbally
2.Compliments what was said
verbally
3.Contradicts what was said
verbally
4.Substitutes for what would be
said verbally
5.Regulates and Manages the
communication event.

16. 1.general appearance and dress
TYPES OF NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION

17. TYPES OF NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
2.Body Movements

18. TYPES OF NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
3.FACIAL
EXPRESSIONS

19. TYPES OF NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
4.Eye Contact and
Gaze

20. TOUCHTYPES OF NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION

21. TYPES OF NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
5.SMELL

22. 6.SilenceTYPES OF NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION

23. 7.Space and
Distance -Proxemics
TYPES OF NON VERBAL
COMMUNICATION

24. a.INTRAPERSONAL
COMMUNICATION
Holding communication with
oneself
Individual is a self contained
communication system.
Constituted of thought
processing , information
processing and internal dialogue.
Basis of all other forms of
communication.
Enables one to make decisions
based on information's received

25. INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
Face to face communication
Communication between two
persons
Often referred to as dyadic
communication.
Most used format of
communication
Mostly includes informal,everyday
exchanges between two people.
People involved in the process are
in close proximity while sending and
receiving messages.
Characterized by feedback(verbal
or non verbal)

26. GROUP COMMUNICATION
It occurs between three or more persons who
perceive themselves as belonging to , or being
identified with a group.
Interaction and intimacy depends upon the size
of the group.
The larger the group the less personal and
intimate is the possibility of exchange
Types –
1.Primary Groups –basic social unit i.e. family
2.Casual or social group –company of adult friends
, neighbourhoods and others with whom we
socialize.
3.Learning or educational groups –
seminars,conferences
4.Work Groups –members have specific goals to be
achieved by virtue of employment in an
organization.

27. PUBLIC COMMUNICATION
Involves the sending of messages to a large
group of people in a face to face setting
Public speaking is the primary tool for this
type of participation.
The following are the characteristic feature :
Lack of verbal exchange between speaker
and audience
Large groups
Less personal
Usage of general language
Formal approach to communication.
Usually occurs in public rather than private
places

28. MASS COMMUNICATION
It is a process of delivering information , ideas
attitudes to a sizeable and diversified audience
through use of media developed for that purpose.
Also known as mediated communication.
MASS COMMUNICATION
MASS COMMUNICATION
(Large cross section of population)

29. Characteristics of Mass Communication
Large, Heterogeneous , Anonymous
audience
Mass Medium
Impersonal Communication
Gatekeeper
Delayed Feedback

30. Surveillance(Information) ,transmission of cultural
heritage , correlation of different parts of society
(Herald Lasswell)
Entertainment –(Wright,1960)
Interpret ,Connect and provide direction to an
interaction
Provide reward, relaxation and reduction of tension.
Mobilize the opinion of people
Advance National Interests and promote certain key
values and behavioral patterns.
Help in reaching decisions
Safeguarding of civil liberties .

31. 1.Credibility of the communicator
2.Context of communication
3.Content of Communication
4.Clarity
5.Continuty and Consistency
6.Channel
7.Capability of Audience