Journalism involves collecting, verifying, and reporting information about current events and issues in an objective manner for publication or broadcast. It aims to provide an accurate account of timely events or problems that interest many readers or viewers. The key elements of news include who, what, when, where, why, and how regarding significant events. Factors like timeliness, impact, prominence, proximity, conflict, and the unusual influence what gets selected as news. News stories follow a structure with an intro, body, and conclusion and aim to uphold journalistic values like accuracy, attribution, objectivity, and fairness.

1. Journalism
Journalism is a discipline of collecting,
verifying, reporting and analyzing
information gathered regarding current
events, including trends, issues and people.

2. Definition of Journalism on the Web
• Writing intended for publication in a newspaper
or magazine, or for broadcast on a radio,
television program or uploading news content on
a news portal featuring news, sports, business,
entertainment or other timely material
- The collection and editing of news for
presentation through the media;
- A style of writing for presenting bare facts to
describe news events;
- Process of collecting, writing, editing, and
publishing news, views etc.

3. NEWS – Concept and Definition
• “Anything that interests a large part of the community
and has never been brought to its attention before” –
Charles A. Dana, editor of the New York Sun.
• The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English
(1990) defines news as “Information about important
or interesting recent events especially when published,
broadcast or uploaded.
• The “News” in general may be defined as “An accurate
and objective account of significant facts of a timely
event or problem, that is of interest to the readers of
the newspapers, which print the account”

4. News in nut shell
• News is anything out of ordinary
• News is anything which interests a large
number of people
• Good news is not always news

5. News Values – Factors affecting the
Selection of News
• Timeliness
• Impact
• Prominence
• Proximity
• Conflict
• The Unusual

6. Types of News
• Hard News
• Soft News
- The “Hard News” usually refers to serious and timely
stories about important topics. The stories may include
a major crime or corruption, diplomatic, legal issues,
accident, labor dispute, political campaign etc. Hard
News is also familiar as “Spot News” or ‘Straight News”
- The term “Soft News” usually refers to feature or
human interest stories. Soft news entertains and
informs, and may appeal to its readers’ emotions.

7. Elements of News – the 5Ws and 1H
• Who – is involved?
• What – has happened?
• When – did it happen?
• Where – did it occur?
• Why – did it happen?
• How – did it happen?

8. Structure of a News Story
• A beginning also called Lead or the Intro
• A middle is known as Body or Development
• An end also known as Conclusion
The Chronological Style
- Lead
- Events in Sequence
- Additional Facts

9. Journalistic Values
• Accuracy and Truth
• Attribution
• Objectivity
• Balance and Fairness

10. News Organization
• Key Departments
- Editorial
- Printing
- Advertising
- Circulation
- Accounts and HR

11. Basic Qualities of a Reporter
• Smartness
• Quickness
• Curiosity
• Pleasantness
• Honesty
• Courage

12. Different forms of Reporters
• Stringers
• Staffers
• Special Correspondents
• Bureau Chiefs
• Foreign Correspondents

13. Sources of News
• Agencies
• Press Releases
• Press Conferences
• Press Briefings
• Press Tours
• News Beat