The document provides an overview of media and information literacy lessons on communication. It discusses the key concepts of communication including the communication process, types of communication (verbal and nonverbal), parts of the communication model, and several models of communication. The goals are for students to understand the nature of communication, identify the different parts of the communication process, differentiate communication models, and appreciate the importance of effective communication.

1. MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY WORKSHEETS
2nd
SEMESTER
Quarter 1-Week 1
Name: _________________________________________________
Section:_____________________________ Score:__________
Lesson/ Topic: Introduction to Media and Information Literacy: Communication
MELC’s: Describe how communication is influenced by media and information.
(MIL11/12IMIL-IIIa-1)
Lesson Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
A. describe the nature of communication and the concepts related to it;
B. identify the different parts of the communication process and
distinguish the unique features of one communication process from
the other;
C. differentiate various models of communication;
D. appreciate the importance of success in communication and the
importance of communication by creating a communication
framework; and
E. create a flowchart using the different parts of the communication
process.
COMMUNICATION AND THE MEDIA
Communication has never been more challenged than in today’s media
saturatedworld. In the past,people would only tell stories face-to-face.Nowadays,
stories are coursed through electronic and digital means that require a set of
communication skills. Most people Life has never been the same for Filipinos
because communication has become complex, but interesting and exciting.
What is Communication? Communication is taken from the Latin word
commūnicāre, which means “to share” or “to divide out”. Communication is a
process of sharing ideas and opinions about issues, people, events and places
between or among persons through various channels to gain common
understanding. It is an interactive process that allows sharing of meanings about
texts, images and people’s actions and behavior.
In order for communication to take place, two main actors work together.
They are called the sender and the receiver. Being able to send the message to a
receiver does not guarantee a successful communication process. Effective
communication takes place when the sender receives a feedback or response that
he initially wanted the receiver to have.
Moreover, the term communication refers to the technical means of
communication, or the channel through which messages are conveyed. Mobile
phone and computers are partof communications. Therefore,the processinvolving
people using these technologies is also known as communication.
THE BASIC TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
Humans communicate through verbal and nonverbal means of relaying
information, or through the use of media such asprint, broadcast,electronic or new
media. Communication types are defined as the ways by which communication
can be expressed. It can be through verbal communication and nonverbal
communication.
THE BASIC TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
1. VERBAL COMMUNICATION – When communication happens verbally,
vocally or through written words expressing or conveying a message,this is known
as verbal communication. Example: When a baby is crying (vocal), this is
identified as verbal communication. Hunger pain is expressed vocally. Verbal
communication has two types:
A. Oral Communication: A communication which happens through word of
mouth, spoken words, conversations, and also any messages or
information that are shared or exchanged between one another through
speech or word of mouth is called oral communication. Example: public
speech, news reading, television, radio, telephone and mobile
conversations.
B. Written Communication: This is a type of communication that is
expressed through written word or often written sign which refers to the
languages used in any medium. Example: simply any hand written, typed,
newspaper, printed word documents, letters, books and magazines.
2. NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION – Any communication without the use
of mouth (voice), spoken words, conversation and written languages is called
Nonverbal Communication. It happens through signs, symbols, colors, gestures,
body language or any facial expressions. The use of traffic signals is one of the
best examples of this type of communication.

2. PARTS OF THE COMMUNICATION MODEL
a. Source or Sender – One who sends or delivers a message, and who initiates the
communication process.
b. Message – The information or the verbal and nonverbal message conveyed to
another person or a group of people.
c. Medium – Media is the plural of “medium”, or ways to communicate
information. It is also the channel through which the message is coursed.
d. Receiver – This part of the communication process receives the message. The
communication process is considered successful when the receiver responds
the way the source intended.
- However, the communication process does not end here. The effect of the
message and the feedback of the receiver should also be noted in order to know
the result of the communication process.
e. Effect – Response of the receiver after getting the message from the source.
f. Feedback – An important product of the communication process. It tells the
source how effective the selected message and channel to the receiver.
Feedback confirms whether there is mutual understanding between the source
and the receiver.
- The communication process is not always ideal. Interference can occur when
the source sends a message.
g. Noise or Barriers – These are the disruptions in the communication process. In
the workplace, noise can be common especially when people who are not
familiar with each other communicate.
THE PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION
Based on the previous topic we already understand that the success of
communication requires the participation of each component or part. To
understand the communication process, here are some models in the book
McQuail's Mass Communication Theory as discussed by communication scholar,
Denis Mcquail (2005):
The model is fairly simple and informs you that information originates
from someone and the message flows through a medium, either by sound waves
or light waves,and that the message is received by someone at the other end with
a corresponding effect.
As shown in Figure 2, it is designed to develop the effective
communication between sender and receiver. Also, they find factors affecting the
communication process called “Noise”. At first, the model was developed to
improve the technical communication. Later on, it’s widely applied in the field of
communication.
The Osgood – Schramm Model is a circular model so communication is circular
in nature. The message is sent only after encoding. The sender is also called the
encoder. The encoded message is decoded by the receiver under receipt, making
him also the decoder.
The Westley and MacLean’s Model of Communication can be seen in two
contexts: interpersonal and mass communication. Westley and Maclean realized
that communication does not start when a person begins to speak, but when a
person selectively responds to his or her physical environment.

3. This model considers a strong relationship between surroundings responses and
the communication process. Communication only begins when a person receives
a message from the surrounding environment. Each receiver answers the message
they have received based on their orientation object.
The David Berlo’s Communication Model is another type of Reception model that
follows the SMCR model which do not follow any specific particular
communication. It is accounted for factors that affect how communicators are
influenced when they send and receive a message.
Berlo’s model listed a number of factors under each element:
 Communication skills – It is the individual’s skill to communicate (ability to
read, write, speak, listen, etc.)
 Knowledge – The knowledge about the subject one is going to communicate
e.g. whatever the teacher communicates in the class about the subject so it
pertains to having knowledge in what you are communicating.
 Attitudes – The attitude towards the audience, subject and one self e.g. for the
student the attitude is to learn more
 Social System – The social system includes the various aspects in society such
values, beliefs, culture, religion and general understanding of society. It is
where the communication takes place.
Each model shows that it is not just how are you going to pass the message or
information. You should also consider the different factors to have a successful
communication.
Activity 1. Direction:Readandunderstand eachstatement.Choose the best answer
and write the letter of your choice before the number.
1. Which among these are the exchange of information and the expression of
feeling that can result in understanding?
A. Information B. Media C. Result D. Communication
2. In what form is information usually communicated?
A. textual B. images C. nonverbal D. all of the above
3. News, entertainment, education, data, or promotional messages are
disseminated through this communication component which means to bridge or
connect.
A. channel B. exchange C. feedback D. noise
4. Which of the following is an act or process of using words, sounds, signs, or
behaviors to express or exchange information or to express your ideas, thoughts,
feelings to someone else?
A. feedback B. noise C. communication D. effect
5. The librarian cannot understand the directions you are asking because of the
telephone call that she needs to answer. In the communication parts, the telephone
call can also be referred to as:
A. source B. noise C. feedback D. effect
6. This model is relatively straight forwarded and tells your that messages
originates from someone.
A. McQuails Communication Model
B. Berlo’s Communication Model
C. Shannon and Weaver’s Communication Model
D. Laswell’s Communication Model
7. What element in the communication processis associatedwith communication?
A. interactors B. message C. medium D. feedback
8. The reception place of the signal which converts signals into message. Which
communicator is the one who receives and interprets the message?

4. A. Encoder B. Media C. Decoder D. Effect
9. David Berlo’s Communication Model is another type of _______________
model.
A. SMCR B. reception C. transmission D. publicity
10. They incorporated the concept of “noise” in their communication model.
A. Shannon and Weaver’s Model C. Wesley and MacLean’s Model
B. Berlo’s Model D. Laswell’s Model
ACTIVITY 2: Create a model showing the communication process in Facebook.
Name your communication model.  Briefly explain the different components (e.g.
sender, receiver, channel, events, feedback, etc.) in your communication model.
 How is communication affected by media and information in your
communication model? Answer in not less than 3 sentences.
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5. MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY WORKSHEETS
2nd SEMESTER
Quarter 1-Week 2
Name: _____________________________________________
Section:_____________________________ Score:__________
Lesson/ Topic: The Similarities and Differences between and among
Media Literacy, Information Literacy, and Technology Literacy
MELC’s: Identify th similarities and differences between and among
media literacy, information literacy, and technology literacy.
(MIL11/12IMIL-IIIa-2)
LessonObjectives:
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
A. explain the meaning of Media Literacy, Information Literacy, and
Technology Literacy;
B. identify similarities and differences among Media Literacy,
Information Literacy, and Technology Literacy;
C. describe the value of being a media and information literate
individual.
D. define elements of information; and
E. recognize pertinent guide questions leading to information literacy.
The Similarities and Differences between and among Media Literacy,
Information Literacy, and Technology Literacy
Literacy - The person's ability to define, recognize, perceive, construct, interact
and compute with various structures, using printed and written materials.
Media Literacy - Bautista et al (2016) from New Mexico-based Media Literacy
Project (MLP) describes media literacy as the “accessibility, review,
assessment and media development. Media literacy is the method by which
media content is dissected for critical analysis. To do so, it is important to
look atthe underlying meanings of media content, its ownership and control,
as well as how they are portrayed.
Information Literacy - According to the American Library Association, (2000)
Information literacy is a collection of skills requiring individuals to identify
when knowledge is needed and have the ability to efficiently find, assess
and use the necessary information. It aims at encouraging individuals to
efficiently search, analyze and use information. While media literacy
focuses on understanding, using, and producing messages from different
media, information literacy is the ability to effectively and sensibly find,
evaluate, and utilize information.
Technology Literacy - Bautista et al (2016) from the Department of Education in
Colorado (2009) describes technology literacy as"the ability to use effective
technology to interact, solve problems, navigate, handle, incorporate,
analyze, develop and generate information to improve learning in all subject
areas, and to gain lifelong knowledge and skills in the 21st century."
Where media and information literacy are concerned with the use of
messages fromvarious media sources, technology literacy focuses on the
responsible and effective use of tools or networksto access, evaluate and
generate the message.
Not all information is reliable and true.Social media create fake newswhich
gives confusion to people. Hence,learning Media and Information Literacy
will help every individual become a responsible producer of information
and an innovator of media and information. It promotes critical thinking to
empower people to process and verify the information they receive, the
manner it was disseminated, and the purpose for which it was shared.
Through this lesson, you are expected not just a media and information
literate individual, but an agent of change in the different media and
information landscape.
MEDIA AND NFORMATION ITERACY
Information literacy Who is the most influential person in your life? Some
of you may answer your mother, father, teacher,community leader, someone you
can directly identify yourself to. However, with the advent of technology your
most influential person could be a superhero,a celebrity, a social media influencer,
someone you can relate to, and aspire to become in the future. When you want to
know more about the person you look up to, you usually ask questions to get more
information and relate to the person. These questions include the 5 Ws and 1 H:

6. Who, What, Where,When, Why, and How.By presenting these questions, you are
expressing your desire to know more information about the person.
What is information? Information is defined using the below definitions: •
Data that has been collected, processed,and interpreted in order to be presented in
a useable form. • A broad term that can cover processed data, knowledge derived
from study, experience, instruction, signals or symbols. In the media world,
information is often used to describe knowledge of specific events or situations
that has been gathered or received by communication, intelligence, or news
reports.
Based on the data presented in the We Are Social's Global Digital Report
2019, Facebook has the most number of active users—76 million—translating to
71 percent of the population in the Philippines. Looking at the illustration from the
previous page, active Facebook users in the Philippines spend an average of 4
hours and 12 minutes in a day browsing—checking anything under the sun,
watching videos found on Facebook. Certainly, there are other sources
ofinformation aside from Facebook. People who do not have the privelege of
owning a gadget that is Internet capable still rely on television, radio and
newspaper.
To become information literate, we have to go through the following stages:
1. Identifying/recognizing information needs
2. Determining sources of information
3. Citing or searching for information
4. Analyzing and evaluating the quality of information
5. Organizing, storing or archiving information
6. Using information in an ethical, efficient and effective way.
7. Creating and communicating new knowledge
Purpose of the questions that help in gathering information:
Who To identify the person
What To know about something
Where To locate a place
When To know specific time and date
Why To state the reason
How The way or manner in which things are done
Activity 1. Direction: Describe the following persons by writing ML for media
literate, IL for information literate and TL for technology literate individual on
the space given.
____1. Sandro has the ability to identify, locate and evaluate details.
____2. Shiela has the competencies and skills to engage in different forms of
media.
____3. Sheena can manage to use various technological tools independently.
____4. Sam can distinguish news from Fake news.
____5. Sandy is competent in managing and using all media platforms.
Activity 2. Direction: Read and understand each statement. Choose the best
answer and write the letter of your choice on the space provided before the
number.
____ 1. Which of the following best describes “information literacy”?
A. The ability to find reliable information
B. The ability to read
C. The ability to use a computer
D. The ability to communicate using various media platforms
____ 2. Which is NOT true about Information Literacy?
A. To be able to find resources.
B. To be able to find information.
C. Unethically & irresponsible use of information.
D. To communicate one's information.
____ 3. It is the ability to access,analyze, evaluate, and create media.
A. media literacy C. Technology literacy
B. Information Literacy D. communication literacy

7. ____ 4. It is the ability to acquire relevant information and use modern-day tools
to get, manage, apply, evaluate, create,and communicate information.
A. information literacy C. media literacy
B. communication Literacy D. Technology literacy
____ 5. All the three kinds of literacy aim for a common goal EXCEPT ______.
A. Attaining their pleasant and satisfying integration for the benefit of
the clients.
B. These are after the right consumption of information through effective
media use and technological means.
C. They all share the common goal of activating one’s ability to access,
understand, evaluate and create media of all forms.
D. It may not beneficial on the lives of the individual in the society.
____ 6. What is information?
A. Data that has been collected, processed,and interpreted in order to be
presented in a useable form.
B. Sending something from sender to receiver.
C. Collected expressions from different individuals.
D. All of the above.
____ 7. You are tasked to interview a social media influencer; how will you
express your desire to know more about the person?
A. By spending time with the social media influencer
B. By exchanging numbers
C. By asking the questions: who, what, where,when, why, how
D. By having conversations about the social media influencer’s
childhood until present life
____ 8. An explosion happened in Bicol. You want to know the cause of the
explosion. What source of information is the most accurate and
reliable?
A. Someone from Bicol B. Media C. Map D. Library
____ 9. Why do you need information?
A. So I won’t be left behind
B. To acquire knowledge needed for decision making
C. To become an influencer
D. All of the above
____ 10. Which question serve this purpose: the way or manner in which things
are done?
A. What B. Where C. How D. Why
____ 11. The most used social media site is _________.
A. Instagram B. Twitter C. Internet D. Facebook
____ 12. What is the final stage of information literacy?
A. Using information in an ethical, efficient and effective way
B. Analyzing and evaluating the quality of information
C. Creating and communicating new knowledge
D. Organizing, storing or archiving information
____ 13. Which is the most reliable source of information when it comes to
disaster?
A. Facebook B. Government C. News agency D. PHIVOLCS
____ 14. What is the question to ask when you want to know more about
something?
A. What B. How C. Which D. Why
____ 15. What is the importance of the 5 Ws and 1 H?
A. To lead a discussion C. To spread gossip
B. To gather information D. To be a responsible netizen