Colligative properties, sifat koligatif
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
9 likes•1,405 views
This document discusses colligative properties of solutions, specifically molality and mole fraction. Molality is defined as the number of moles of solute per kg of solvent. Mole fraction is the ratio of moles of solute or solvent to the total moles of solution. Several examples are provided to demonstrate how to calculate molality and mole fraction for different solutions. Practice problems are also included at the end to help reinforce understanding of these concepts.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Stoichiometry
1. The document outlines key concepts and skills students should master in stoichiometry including calculating moles, mass, atoms, and molecules from balanced chemical equations and using these calculations to determine empirical formulas, molecular formulas, theoretical yields, and percent yields.
2. Example problems are provided to assess students' mastery of calculating moles from mass and vice versa, determining mass of products from reactants, calculating percent yields from experimental data, determining empirical and molecular formulas, and using balanced equations to calculate heat released.
Stoichiometry: Chapter 9
The document provides an introduction to stoichiometry including the four types of stoichiometry problems: (1) given and unknown amounts in moles, (2) given amount in moles and unknown in grams, (3) given amount in grams and unknown in moles, and (4) given and unknown amounts in grams. It then works through example problems of each type, calculating amounts of products or reactants using molar ratios derived from balanced chemical equations.
Class XI Chemistry - Mole Concept
The document discusses the mole concept in chemistry. Some key points:
- A mole is equal to 6.022x10^23 particles and can refer to atoms, molecules, etc.
- The molar mass of an element is its atomic mass in grams and the molar mass of a compound is the sum of the atomic masses of its elements.
- One mole of an ideal gas occupies 22.4 liters at STP.
- Questions at the end calculate things like moles, mass, volume using molar mass and mole ratios in chemical equations.
Gaseous state
Gases are composed of tiny particles that are in constant, random motion. Three properties of gases are pressure, volume, and temperature. The kinetic molecular theory and gas laws describe the relationships between these properties. The ideal gas law combines earlier gas laws relating pressure, volume, amount of gas, and temperature into a single equation.
3 colligative properties
1. A solution is a homogeneous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent. Solubility refers to the ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent.
2. Henry's law states that the amount of gas that dissolves in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid at a constant temperature.
3. Colligative properties depend on the number of solute particles in solution, not their identity, and include vapor pressure lowering, boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, and osmotic pressure.
Chemistry - moles
A Brief Demonstration about Moles - A chemistry Concept and A Part of Syllabus for Cambridge International Examination O Levels Checkpoint.
Chapter 4
The document discusses concentration of solutions in terms of molarity. It defines molarity as moles of solute per liter of solution. It provides the key formula for calculating molarity given moles of solute and volume of solution. Examples are shown for calculating molarity, moles of solute, and volume of solution given different variables. Dilution of solutions is also discussed, where the number of moles of solute remains constant but volume changes upon addition of solvent.
solutions and their concentrations in Analytical chemistry by Azad Alshatteri
This document discusses different units for expressing the concentration of solutions, including mass per volume, parts per million (ppm), parts per billion (ppb), and percent concentration. It provides examples of how to calculate concentration using these units for various types of solutions, including solid-liquid, liquid-liquid, and solid-solid solutions. Common concentration units covered are grams per liter (g/L), milligrams per milliliter (mg/mL), micrograms per microliter (μg/mL), parts per million (ppm), and percentage concentration (%).
Recommended
Stoichiometry
1. The document outlines key concepts and skills students should master in stoichiometry including calculating moles, mass, atoms, and molecules from balanced chemical equations and using these calculations to determine empirical formulas, molecular formulas, theoretical yields, and percent yields.
2. Example problems are provided to assess students' mastery of calculating moles from mass and vice versa, determining mass of products from reactants, calculating percent yields from experimental data, determining empirical and molecular formulas, and using balanced equations to calculate heat released.
Stoichiometry: Chapter 9
The document provides an introduction to stoichiometry including the four types of stoichiometry problems: (1) given and unknown amounts in moles, (2) given amount in moles and unknown in grams, (3) given amount in grams and unknown in moles, and (4) given and unknown amounts in grams. It then works through example problems of each type, calculating amounts of products or reactants using molar ratios derived from balanced chemical equations.
Class XI Chemistry - Mole Concept
The document discusses the mole concept in chemistry. Some key points:
- A mole is equal to 6.022x10^23 particles and can refer to atoms, molecules, etc.
- The molar mass of an element is its atomic mass in grams and the molar mass of a compound is the sum of the atomic masses of its elements.
- One mole of an ideal gas occupies 22.4 liters at STP.
- Questions at the end calculate things like moles, mass, volume using molar mass and mole ratios in chemical equations.
Gaseous state
Gases are composed of tiny particles that are in constant, random motion. Three properties of gases are pressure, volume, and temperature. The kinetic molecular theory and gas laws describe the relationships between these properties. The ideal gas law combines earlier gas laws relating pressure, volume, amount of gas, and temperature into a single equation.
3 colligative properties
1. A solution is a homogeneous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent. Solubility refers to the ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent.
2. Henry's law states that the amount of gas that dissolves in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid at a constant temperature.
3. Colligative properties depend on the number of solute particles in solution, not their identity, and include vapor pressure lowering, boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, and osmotic pressure.
Chemistry - moles
A Brief Demonstration about Moles - A chemistry Concept and A Part of Syllabus for Cambridge International Examination O Levels Checkpoint.
Chapter 4
The document discusses concentration of solutions in terms of molarity. It defines molarity as moles of solute per liter of solution. It provides the key formula for calculating molarity given moles of solute and volume of solution. Examples are shown for calculating molarity, moles of solute, and volume of solution given different variables. Dilution of solutions is also discussed, where the number of moles of solute remains constant but volume changes upon addition of solvent.
solutions and their concentrations in Analytical chemistry by Azad Alshatteri
This document discusses different units for expressing the concentration of solutions, including mass per volume, parts per million (ppm), parts per billion (ppb), and percent concentration. It provides examples of how to calculate concentration using these units for various types of solutions, including solid-liquid, liquid-liquid, and solid-solid solutions. Common concentration units covered are grams per liter (g/L), milligrams per milliliter (mg/mL), micrograms per microliter (μg/mL), parts per million (ppm), and percentage concentration (%).
Colligative property
This document discusses colligative properties of solutions and ways of expressing concentration. It begins by defining key terms like solute, solvent, concentration, dilute and concentrated solutions. It then describes various ways of expressing concentration including percentage by weight, mole fraction, molarity, molality, normality and parts per million. The document also discusses colligative properties like lowering of vapor pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point and osmotic pressure. It provides equations and experimental methods for determining these properties and using them to calculate molecular masses. The concept of abnormal molar masses from association or dissociation in solution is introduced along with the van't Hoff factor.
77190036 gas-ideal-sulies
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang hukum-hukum gas ideal dan teori kinetika molekul gas. Terdapat delapan hukum gas ideal yang dijelaskan secara singkat serta contoh soal untuk memahami penerapannya.
Phy351 ch 1 ideal law, gas law, condensed, triple point, van der waals eq
This document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 1 of PHY351 including:
1) The ideal gas law and how it relates pressure, volume, temperature and moles of gas. Real gases deviate from ideal behavior at low temperatures or high pressures.
2) Gas laws including Boyle's, Charles', and Gay-Lussac's laws and how the ideal gas law combines these relationships.
3) Concepts of absolute zero, the Kelvin temperature scale, and standard temperature and pressure.
4) Kinetic theory and how it relates gas properties to molecular motion, including molecular speed distributions and effects of temperature.
5) Phase diagrams and the different phases of matter as well as the triple point.
6
Fundamentals of Thermo-Chemistry
Thermochemistry is the study of heat changes in chemical reactions. It introduces various concepts including the first law of thermodynamics which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. Enthalpy is a state function that is used to quantify heat flow during constant pressure processes. The enthalpy change of a reaction indicates whether it is exothermic or endothermic. Hess's law states that the enthalpy change of an overall reaction is equal to the sum of enthalpy changes of individual steps.
Determination of boiling point
This document discusses the determination of molecular weight through measurement of boiling point elevation. It defines boiling point and explains how various factors can affect boiling point, including pressure, molecular weight, impurities, and intermolecular interactions. The document outlines the colligative properties of solutions and how boiling point elevation is one of four common colligative properties. It provides the procedure for measuring boiling point elevation and equations for calculating molecular weight from experimental measurements.
SOLUTIONS IN CHEMISTRY
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances where a solute is dissolved in a solvent. The concentration of a solution refers to the amount of solute dissolved in a fixed amount of solvent. Solutions can be dilute, containing a small amount of solute, or concentrated, containing a large amount of solute. Soft drinks are considered solutions but contain many unhealthy additives like sugar, artificial sweeteners, caffeine, carbon dioxide, preservatives, artificial flavors, colorings, and sodium. Long term consumption of soft drinks can increase risks of diseases, cancer, and other health issues.
04. basic concepts session 4
1. The document discusses various concepts in chemistry including equivalent mass, normality, molarity, molality, strength of solutions, and percentage concentration.
2. It provides examples of calculating the equivalent mass of acids, bases, and salts. Normality is defined as the number of equivalents of solute per liter of solution.
3. Molarity is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. Molality is the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. Strength is the mass of solute per liter of solution.
Properties of solutions
1) Solutions are homogeneous mixtures of two or more substances, where the solute is dispersed uniformly throughout the solvent.
2) For a solution to form, the intermolecular forces between solute and solvent particles must be strong enough to overcome those within the pure substances.
3) The energetics of dissolving involves breaking interactions within the pure substances and forming new interactions between solute and solvent particles. Even endothermic processes can occur spontaneously if they increase the disorder or entropy of the system.
Kd meeting 8
Materi kuliah kimdas tentang Larutan penyangga. Cari lebih bayak lagi materi kuliah semester 1 di:
http://muhammadhabibielecture.blogspot.com/2014/12/kuliah-semester-1-thp-ftp-ub.html. Font untuk presentasi ini bisa didownload di: http://www.fontsquirrel.com/fonts/orbitron
Colligative Properties Of Solutions
A presentation discussing the main colligative properties of solutions, applicable for high school chemistry or AP Chemistry
Empirical and molecular formula class 11
The document discusses empirical and molecular formulas. An empirical formula shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound, while a molecular formula shows the exact number of each atom. To calculate molecular formula from empirical formula: 1) make a table with elements, percentages, atomic masses, moles, and simplest ratios; 2) the empirical formula mass is the sum of the atoms' masses; 3) divide the molar mass by the empirical formula mass to get the common factor for the molecular formula. Two examples are given to calculate empirical and molecular formulas from percentage compositions and molar masses.
Stoichiometrie - Chemisch rekenen
1. The document discusses molar mass (M), which is the mass of one mole of a substance. It gives water (H2O) as an example, with a molar mass of 18.02 g/mol.
2. It also discusses ethanol (C2H5OH) as an example, with a molar mass of 46.07 g/mol. One mole of ethanol has a mass of 46.07 g and a volume of 58.31 mL at 20°C.
3. The mole (mol) is defined as the amount of substance containing 6.022×1023 particles, according to Avogadro's constant.
Lecture 1 the kinetic theory of gases
I Hope You all like it very much. I wish it is beneficial for all of you and you can get enough knowledge from it. Clear and appropriate objectives, in terms of what the audience ought to feel, think, and do as a result of seeing the presentation. Objectives are realistic – and may be intermediate parts of a wider plan.
3.3 (b) relative atomic mass
The document discusses the relationship between moles and mass. It states that 1 mole of any element or molecule has 6.02 x 1023 particles. It also states that the mass of 1 mole of an element is equal to its relative atomic mass in grams, and the mass of 1 mole of a molecule is equal to its relative molecular mass or relative formula mass in grams. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating the number of moles from mass and vice versa using molar mass values.
Penurunan Tekanan Uap
PPT ini khusus sub bab penurunan tekanan uap dari bab sifat koligatif. Jadi hanya sedikit slide. Silahkan di download dan dipelajari ^^
Molarity
This document discusses molarity, which is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. Molarity is calculated by taking the moles of solute and dividing by the total liters of solution. The document provides an example calculation of molarity using 0.40 moles of NaCl dissolved in 0.250L of water, and gives a sample problem of calculating the molarity of 58.44 grams of NaCl dissolved in 2.00L of solution. Two practice problems are included at the end to test the reader's understanding of calculating molarity.
Colligative properties of dilute solutions Manik
lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point and osmotic pressure including necessary thermodynamic derivations.
Sketchnotes - Swiss IT Sourcing Forum, Luzern
Sketchnotes des Swiss IT Sourcing Forum in Luzern. Vorträge von ABB, PwC, etc. Moderation durch Stephan Klapproth.
Parker catalogue 2012
This document provides information about Parker pen models, including the Duofold, Premier, Sonnet, and Frontier models. It describes the materials, finishes, nib styles, and filling mechanisms for each pen model. Images and specifications are provided for the different color and material options within each line. The document promotes Parker pens as high quality writing instruments with classic designs and modern features.
More Related Content
What's hot
Colligative property
This document discusses colligative properties of solutions and ways of expressing concentration. It begins by defining key terms like solute, solvent, concentration, dilute and concentrated solutions. It then describes various ways of expressing concentration including percentage by weight, mole fraction, molarity, molality, normality and parts per million. The document also discusses colligative properties like lowering of vapor pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point and osmotic pressure. It provides equations and experimental methods for determining these properties and using them to calculate molecular masses. The concept of abnormal molar masses from association or dissociation in solution is introduced along with the van't Hoff factor.
77190036 gas-ideal-sulies
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang hukum-hukum gas ideal dan teori kinetika molekul gas. Terdapat delapan hukum gas ideal yang dijelaskan secara singkat serta contoh soal untuk memahami penerapannya.
Phy351 ch 1 ideal law, gas law, condensed, triple point, van der waals eq
This document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 1 of PHY351 including:
1) The ideal gas law and how it relates pressure, volume, temperature and moles of gas. Real gases deviate from ideal behavior at low temperatures or high pressures.
2) Gas laws including Boyle's, Charles', and Gay-Lussac's laws and how the ideal gas law combines these relationships.
3) Concepts of absolute zero, the Kelvin temperature scale, and standard temperature and pressure.
4) Kinetic theory and how it relates gas properties to molecular motion, including molecular speed distributions and effects of temperature.
5) Phase diagrams and the different phases of matter as well as the triple point.
6
Fundamentals of Thermo-Chemistry
Thermochemistry is the study of heat changes in chemical reactions. It introduces various concepts including the first law of thermodynamics which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. Enthalpy is a state function that is used to quantify heat flow during constant pressure processes. The enthalpy change of a reaction indicates whether it is exothermic or endothermic. Hess's law states that the enthalpy change of an overall reaction is equal to the sum of enthalpy changes of individual steps.
Determination of boiling point
This document discusses the determination of molecular weight through measurement of boiling point elevation. It defines boiling point and explains how various factors can affect boiling point, including pressure, molecular weight, impurities, and intermolecular interactions. The document outlines the colligative properties of solutions and how boiling point elevation is one of four common colligative properties. It provides the procedure for measuring boiling point elevation and equations for calculating molecular weight from experimental measurements.
SOLUTIONS IN CHEMISTRY
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances where a solute is dissolved in a solvent. The concentration of a solution refers to the amount of solute dissolved in a fixed amount of solvent. Solutions can be dilute, containing a small amount of solute, or concentrated, containing a large amount of solute. Soft drinks are considered solutions but contain many unhealthy additives like sugar, artificial sweeteners, caffeine, carbon dioxide, preservatives, artificial flavors, colorings, and sodium. Long term consumption of soft drinks can increase risks of diseases, cancer, and other health issues.
04. basic concepts session 4
1. The document discusses various concepts in chemistry including equivalent mass, normality, molarity, molality, strength of solutions, and percentage concentration.
2. It provides examples of calculating the equivalent mass of acids, bases, and salts. Normality is defined as the number of equivalents of solute per liter of solution.
3. Molarity is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. Molality is the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. Strength is the mass of solute per liter of solution.
Properties of solutions
1) Solutions are homogeneous mixtures of two or more substances, where the solute is dispersed uniformly throughout the solvent.
2) For a solution to form, the intermolecular forces between solute and solvent particles must be strong enough to overcome those within the pure substances.
3) The energetics of dissolving involves breaking interactions within the pure substances and forming new interactions between solute and solvent particles. Even endothermic processes can occur spontaneously if they increase the disorder or entropy of the system.
Kd meeting 8
Materi kuliah kimdas tentang Larutan penyangga. Cari lebih bayak lagi materi kuliah semester 1 di:
http://muhammadhabibielecture.blogspot.com/2014/12/kuliah-semester-1-thp-ftp-ub.html. Font untuk presentasi ini bisa didownload di: http://www.fontsquirrel.com/fonts/orbitron
Colligative Properties Of Solutions
A presentation discussing the main colligative properties of solutions, applicable for high school chemistry or AP Chemistry
Empirical and molecular formula class 11
The document discusses empirical and molecular formulas. An empirical formula shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound, while a molecular formula shows the exact number of each atom. To calculate molecular formula from empirical formula: 1) make a table with elements, percentages, atomic masses, moles, and simplest ratios; 2) the empirical formula mass is the sum of the atoms' masses; 3) divide the molar mass by the empirical formula mass to get the common factor for the molecular formula. Two examples are given to calculate empirical and molecular formulas from percentage compositions and molar masses.
Stoichiometrie - Chemisch rekenen
1. The document discusses molar mass (M), which is the mass of one mole of a substance. It gives water (H2O) as an example, with a molar mass of 18.02 g/mol.
2. It also discusses ethanol (C2H5OH) as an example, with a molar mass of 46.07 g/mol. One mole of ethanol has a mass of 46.07 g and a volume of 58.31 mL at 20°C.
3. The mole (mol) is defined as the amount of substance containing 6.022×1023 particles, according to Avogadro's constant.
Lecture 1 the kinetic theory of gases
I Hope You all like it very much. I wish it is beneficial for all of you and you can get enough knowledge from it. Clear and appropriate objectives, in terms of what the audience ought to feel, think, and do as a result of seeing the presentation. Objectives are realistic – and may be intermediate parts of a wider plan.
3.3 (b) relative atomic mass
The document discusses the relationship between moles and mass. It states that 1 mole of any element or molecule has 6.02 x 1023 particles. It also states that the mass of 1 mole of an element is equal to its relative atomic mass in grams, and the mass of 1 mole of a molecule is equal to its relative molecular mass or relative formula mass in grams. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating the number of moles from mass and vice versa using molar mass values.
Penurunan Tekanan Uap
PPT ini khusus sub bab penurunan tekanan uap dari bab sifat koligatif. Jadi hanya sedikit slide. Silahkan di download dan dipelajari ^^
Molarity
This document discusses molarity, which is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. Molarity is calculated by taking the moles of solute and dividing by the total liters of solution. The document provides an example calculation of molarity using 0.40 moles of NaCl dissolved in 0.250L of water, and gives a sample problem of calculating the molarity of 58.44 grams of NaCl dissolved in 2.00L of solution. Two practice problems are included at the end to test the reader's understanding of calculating molarity.
Colligative properties of dilute solutions Manik
lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point and osmotic pressure including necessary thermodynamic derivations.
What's hot (20)
Phy351 ch 1 ideal law, gas law, condensed, triple point, van der waals eq
Phy351 ch 1 ideal law, gas law, condensed, triple point, van der waals eq
Viewers also liked
Sketchnotes - Swiss IT Sourcing Forum, Luzern
Sketchnotes des Swiss IT Sourcing Forum in Luzern. Vorträge von ABB, PwC, etc. Moderation durch Stephan Klapproth.
Parker catalogue 2012
This document provides information about Parker pen models, including the Duofold, Premier, Sonnet, and Frontier models. It describes the materials, finishes, nib styles, and filling mechanisms for each pen model. Images and specifications are provided for the different color and material options within each line. The document promotes Parker pens as high quality writing instruments with classic designs and modern features.
Chemistry project
This document provides information about solutions and their properties. It discusses several topics:
1. Electrolytes are solutions that conduct electricity due to the presence of ions, while non-electrolytes do not conduct. Vinegar contains acetic acid which is only partially dissociated into ions.
2. Electrolysis is the process of using an electric current to drive nonspontaneous chemical reactions. It involves two electrodes and an electrolyte solution.
3. Colligative properties depend only on the number of solute particles and not their identity. These properties include lowering of vapor pressure, boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, and osmotic pressure.
Percent composition
1. The document discusses calculating percent composition and determining empirical and molecular formulas.
2. To calculate percent composition, the formula mass is determined and the mass of each element is calculated as a percentage of the total mass.
3. An empirical formula shows the lowest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound, while a molecular formula shows the actual number of atoms. Molecular formulas for ionic compounds are always empirical, while molecular formulas for molecular compounds may or may not be empirical.
Honors1011 molar mass and percent composition
- The law of definite proportions states that a chemical compound always contains the same elements in the same proportions by mass, regardless of sample size. This allows determination of a compound's mass and elemental percentages.
- Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance and can be calculated by adding the masses of each element in a compound based on its chemical formula. Common units are grams per mole (g/mol).
- Percent composition by mass can be determined by calculating the mass of each element in a compound and expressing it as a percentage of the total mass of the compound.
Chapter 14.1 : Compounds in Aqueous Solutions
1) Ionic compounds dissolve in water by dissociating into their constituent ions. For example, NaCl dissociates into Na+ and Cl- ions in water.
2) Aluminum sulfate, Al2(SO4)3, dissociates into 2 Al3+ and 3 SO42- ions when dissolved in water, producing a total of 5 moles of ions from 1 mole of the compound.
3) Precipitation reactions occur when opposite ions combine to form an insoluble ionic compound. For example, combining solutions of (NH4)2S and Cd(NO3)2 will produce the insoluble precipitate CdS.
colligative property ,made by-chinmay jagadev pattanayak
What is colligative property?
Types of colligative property
Lowering Vapour Pressure (∆P) of solutions.
Boiling point elevation.
Freezing point depression
Osmotic pressure of the solution
Percentage composition exercise
The document contains 6 chemistry problems asking for empirical and molecular formulas of compounds given their percentage compositions or products of combustion. Problem 1 asks for the empirical formula of a compound containing 65.5% carbon, 5.5% hydrogen, and 29.0% oxygen. Problem 2 asks for the molecular formula if the molar mass is 110 g/mol. Problem 3 asks for the empirical formula of a compound containing 18.7% lithium, 16.3% carbon, and 65.0% oxygen. Problem 4 asks for the molecular formula if the molar mass is 73.8 g/mol. Problems 5 and 6 similarly ask for the empirical and molecular formulas of acetic acid and aniline given combustion products and m
Percent Composition
The document discusses how to calculate percent composition of elements in compounds using molar masses. It provides the example of calculating oxygen's percent composition in water as 89% by taking the molar mass of water and oxygen and dividing oxygen's molar mass by water's molar mass. It then has 10 multiple choice questions about calculating percent compositions of elements in various compounds.
percent composition of compounds
Percent composition is calculated by finding the molar mass of a compound using the periodic table, determining the mass contributed by the component of interest, and dividing that mass by the total molar mass of the compound before multiplying by 100. This allows you to determine the percentage of a compound's total mass made up of a particular component by mass. The document provides an example calculating the percent composition of carbon in carbon dioxide (CO2).
Chem unit8
The document discusses various concepts related to solutions and chemical equilibria including:
1) Types of solutions and units of concentration like molarity and ppm.
2) Factors that affect solubility, boiling point, and freezing point when a solute is added.
3) Equilibrium constants and how they relate concentrations of reactants and products.
4) Le Chatelier's principle which states that systems at equilibrium will respond to stresses like changes in concentration, pressure, or temperature to reduce the stress.
Biotech math problems_part1_answers (1)
This document provides 11 practice problems for calculating molarity, molality, and normality. It gives the steps to take for each problem, including identifying key information, setting up the appropriate equation, showing the calculations, and including the correct units in the answer. The problems cover a range of scenarios involving determining molarity or molality based on moles of solute and volume of solution or solvent.
Percent composition
Percent composition is a calculation that determines the percentage by mass of each element in a compound. It is calculated by taking the mass of one element, dividing it by the total mass of the compound, and multiplying by 100. For example, water (H2O) has a percent composition of 89.9% oxygen because oxygen has a mass of 16.0 grams in water's total mass of 18.0 grams. Percent composition provides information about the elemental makeup of compounds.
Sifat Koligatif Larutan
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang sifat koligatif larutan, yaitu penurunan tekanan uap jenuh, kenaikan titik didih, dan penurunan titik beku larutan. Dokumen juga menjelaskan konsep kemolalan, fraksi mol, tekanan osmosis, serta rumus-rumus yang berkaitan dengan sifat koligatif larutan.
Drug dilutions & concentrations
This document discusses drug dilutions and concentrations using the International System of Units (SI). It provides equivalencies for weights and volumes, explains concentrations as percentages and dilutions using ratios, and gives examples of calculating drug amounts in solutions. The document also discusses calibrating intravenous (IV) solutions and provides examples of calculating IV flow rates based on the amount of solution and time period ordered.
Chapter 14.2 : Colligative Properties
Colligative properties depend on the concentration of solute particles but not their identity. The four main colligative properties are vapor pressure lowering, freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, and osmotic pressure. Freezing point depression and boiling point elevation are directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution. Electrolytes enhance colligative properties because they dissociate into multiple ions in solution, effectively increasing the number of solute particles compared to nonelectrolytes of the same molar concentration.
Preparation of solutions
This document discusses different methods of preparing solutions of varying concentrations, including percentage solutions, molarity, molality, normality, and parts per million. It provides examples and problems for calculating amounts of solutes needed to make solutions of specific concentrations and volumes. Buffer solutions are also introduced as solutions that can tolerate small pH changes during reactions. They are typically composed of a weak acid and its salt.
Solutions
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of a solute dissolved in a solvent. A solution is formed through solvation, where solvent particles surround solute particles and pull them away from each other. The solubility of a substance depends on factors like temperature, pressure, and the properties of the solute and solvent. Increasing temperature, pressure, surface area, or agitation can increase solubility and the rate of solvation. Concentration refers to the ratio of solute to solvent and affects properties like reaction rates.
Solutions and colligative properties
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, with a solute dissolved in a solvent. When a solute dissolves, it breaks apart into smaller particles like ions or atoms. Not all substances are soluble - some will form an insoluble precipitate. Solubility rules can be used to predict if a compound will dissolve or form a precipitate. The concentration of a solute in a solution is described using units like molarity, which is the amount of solute dissolved per total liters of solution.
Viewers also liked (20)
colligative property ,made by-chinmay jagadev pattanayak
colligative property ,made by-chinmay jagadev pattanayak
Similar to Colligative properties, sifat koligatif
Calculations Based on Balanced Equations.
A chemical reaction describes what occurs in a chemical change. It shows not only the kind but also the relative amounts of the substances involved in a change. The coefficients written before the formulas in a balanced equation represent the number of moles of each substance involved in a reaction. Since the number of moles is related to the mass of any substance and to the volume of any gaseous substance, the mole relationship can be easily changed to mass/volume relationship. The concepts on how to calculate molarity, molality and normality are important in identifying the relative amounts of the substances involved in a chemical reaction.
5.3.1
This document discusses various concepts related to concentration and molarity including:
- Molarity is a measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent and is expressed as moles of solute per liter of solution.
- Percent solutions express the amount of solute as a percentage of the total volume or mass of the solution.
- Parts per million (ppm) is a unit used to express very dilute solutions and is equivalent to milligrams of solute per liter of solution.
- Concentration is calculated by dividing the moles of solute by the total volume of solution and has units of molarity (M).
- To calculate the concentration of individual ions in an electrolyte
Mole concept numerical ..........
1. The document provides examples of solved problems on solutions involving calculations of molarity, molality, mole fractions, and other concentration units.
2. Problem 1 calculates the molarity of an ethyl alcohol solution. Problem 2 calculates the normality and molarity of a sulfuric acid solution.
3. Problem 3 calculates the molality and mole fractions of a glucose solution. The remaining problems provide additional examples of calculations involving concentration units for various chemical solutions.
solutionsclassxii.pdf
1. The document discusses various terms used to express the concentration of solutions such as percentage, molarity, molality, normality, and mole fraction. It provides examples and formulas to calculate these quantities.
2. Several numerical problems are given related to calculating concentration based on the mass or volume of components in a solution. This includes problems determining the percentage or mole fraction composition of mixed solutions.
3. Additional "HOTS" or higher-order thinking skills problems are presented involving multiple steps to determine volumes, densities, or concentrations required to achieve a desired solution composition.
solutionsclassxii.pdf
1. The document discusses various terms used to express the concentration of solutions such as percentage, molarity, molality, normality, and mole fraction. It provides examples and formulas to calculate these quantities.
2. Several numerical problems are given related to calculating concentration based on the mass or volume of components in a solution. This includes problems determining the percentage or mole fraction composition of mixed solutions.
3. Additional "HOTS" or higher-order thinking skills problems are presented involving multiple steps to determine volumes or densities based on given molarities, molalities, or percentages of solutions.
solutionsclassxii.pdf
1. The document discusses various terms used to express the concentration of solutions such as percentage, molarity, molality, normality, and mole fraction.
2. It provides examples and formulas to calculate concentration based on these terms, and the relationships between some of the terms like molarity and molality.
3. Several numerical problems are included at the end to practice calculating concentration values using the different terms and their relationships.
Class XII Solutions
This is the power point presentation for the students of class XII. This includes: Types of solutions, concentration of solutions, Solution of solid in liquid, solution of gas in liquid: Henry's law, vapour pressure of solutions, Raoult's law, Ideal & non ideal solutions, azeotropic mixtures, Colligative properties - (1) relative lowering of vapour pressure of solution of volatile solute, (2) elevation in boiling point of solution (3) depression in freezing point of solution (4) osmotic pressure, abnormal molar mass of solute, Van't Hoff's factor, numerical problems.
Quantitative Expressions of the Concentration of Solutions
The document discusses different methods to calculate the concentration of solutions, including percent by mass, percent by volume, molarity, molality, and mole fraction. It provides examples of calculating concentration using each method. Percent by mass is the mass of solute divided by the total mass of the solution. Percent by volume is the volume of solute divided by the total volume of solution. Molarity is moles of solute per liter of solution. Molality is moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. Mole fraction is the moles of one component divided by the total moles of all components.
New chm 151_unit_13_power_points-su13_s
This document provides information about solutions and colloids. It begins with an overview of solutions as homogeneous mixtures that exist as a single phase, while colloids are heterogeneous mixtures that exist in two or more phases. Subsequent sections discuss solubility and how intermolecular forces affect it, concentration terms including molarity, molality and mole fraction, and factors that influence solubility such as temperature and pressure. Examples are provided for calculating concentration in various units and converting between concentration terms. The document concludes with a discussion of using solutions in chemical reactions including titration and diluting solutions.
Concentration of Solutions.pptx
The document provides information on different ways of expressing the concentration of solutions, including percent by mass, mole fraction, molarity, molality, percent by volume, and parts per million (ppm). It discusses an activity where students are asked to mix a substance with water and observe whether the mixture is uniform or non-uniform. Finally, it defines key terms related to solution concentration such as solution, solute, solvent, concentration, solubility, miscible, and immiscible.
concentrations.ppt
This document defines and provides examples of different types of concentration units used to quantify the amount of solute dissolved in a solution. It discusses molarity, percent concentration, parts per million/billion, mole fraction, and molality. Example problems are provided for each type of unit to demonstrate how to calculate concentration from given amounts of solute and solvent.
New chm-151-unit-13-power-points-su13s-140227172226-phpapp02
This document provides an overview of solutions and colloids. It begins by defining solutions and colloids, noting that solutions are homogeneous mixtures that exist in a single phase, while colloids are heterogeneous mixtures that exist in two or more phases. The document then discusses concentration terms such as molarity, molality, and mole fraction. It provides examples of calculating concentrations using these different terms. Finally, the document covers additional topics related to solutions, including factors that affect solubility, dilutions, and interconverting between concentration terms.
Çözelti Hazırlama
A 0.12 M solution of CuCl can be prepared by diluting a 0.29 M CuCl solution. The key steps are:
1) The original solution is 10 mL of 0.29 M CuCl. This contains 0.29 moles/L x 0.01 L = 0.0029 moles of CuCl.
2) The final solution volume is not specified, but the moles of CuCl must remain 0.0029 moles.
3) Using the dilution equation, the final volume can be calculated as 0.0029 moles / 0.12 M = 0.024 L or 24 mL.
4) Add water to the original 10 mL solution to
Structure of Matter seminar problems
1. The document discusses moles, molar mass, molarity, and provides example calculations involving these concepts. Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.
2. The document then provides 21 practice problems calculating things like the number of moles or grams of various substances, the molarity of different solutions, and multi-step dilution problems.
3. Students are asked to use the concepts of moles, molar mass, and molarity to solve quantitative chemistry problems involving substances in solutions.
Chem.116 qualitative chemistry problem set
1. The document is a problem set submitted by a student named Jayson M. Labsan for a Qualitative Chemistry course at the Bulacan Agricultural State College. It contains 10 problems on the topics of molarity, normality, and molality.
2. The problems calculate various quantities related to chemical solutions including molarity, grams of solute needed, and liters of solution that can be made.
3. The normality problems determine normality values and equivalent weights for different acids and bases in solution.
4. The molality problems calculate molality values given masses of solutes and solvents.
2
This document discusses solutions and their properties. It begins by listing learning objectives related to describing different types of solutions, expressing concentration using various units, and explaining properties like vapor pressure and colligative properties. It then defines solutions as homogeneous mixtures and describes various types of solutions depending on the state of the solute and solvent. The document goes on to discuss different ways of expressing the concentration of a solution, including mass and volume percentages, parts per million, mole fraction, molarity, and molality. It provides examples of calculating concentration using these various units. Finally, it discusses solubility and how temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent affect solubility.
Solution and colligative numerical 2016
The document provides examples of calculating various properties of solutions such as percentage by mass, mole fraction, molarity, molality, vapor pressure depression, boiling point elevation, and Henry's law constant. It includes 18 examples involving dissolving various solutes like glucose, methyl alcohol, benzene, HCl, NaOH, urea, mannitol, and methane in solvents like water, xylene, chloroform to calculate related chemical properties.
15. SOLUTIONS ( Samerah C. Macabaas).pptx
A document discusses various types of mixtures and solutions. It defines heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures, and describes solutions as homogeneous mixtures composed of solutes and solvents. The document discusses different types of solutions including gaseous, liquid, and solid solutions. It also covers topics like concentration, molarity, molality, mole fraction, saturation, solubility, and colligative properties. Colligative properties discussed include vapor pressure reduction, boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, and osmotic pressure. Factors affecting solubility and the rate of dissolution are also summarized.
V4OQ2BFgESYNczkHR2GX.pdf
- The original solution contained 30 g of a non-volatile solute dissolved in 90 g of water and had a vapor pressure of 2.8 kPa at 298 K.
- Then, 18 g of additional water was added to the solution.
- The new vapor pressure of the solution after adding water was measured to be 2.9 kPa at 298 K.
- The question asks to calculate the molar mass of the non-volatile solute based on this information.
Stoichiometric-calculations part 1.ppt
mnbvfdsakjhgfdsahgfdsaHGFDSAJHGFDSAKJHGFDSAKJHGFDSASWERTYUJKLKJHGFDSDFGHJKL;LKJHGFDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesdrug capsulesDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB
Similar to Colligative properties, sifat koligatif (20)
Quantitative Expressions of the Concentration of Solutions
Quantitative Expressions of the Concentration of Solutions
New chm-151-unit-13-power-points-su13s-140227172226-phpapp02
New chm-151-unit-13-power-points-su13s-140227172226-phpapp02
Recently uploaded
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityAkanksha trivedi rama nursing college kanpur.
Natural birth techniques are various type such as/ water birth , alexender method, hypnosis, bradley method, lamaze method etcHow to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT.pdf
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Types of Herbal Cosmetics its standardization.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
PCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Hindi varnamala | hindi alphabet PPT.pdf
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit - NGV Pavilion Concept Design
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective UpskillingExcellence Foundation for South Sudan
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.Recently uploaded (20)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Colligative properties, sifat koligatif
- 1. COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES OF SOLUTION MOLALITY AND MOLE FRACTION
- 2. Why??? Although involving colligative properties of the solution, colligative properties do not depend on the interaction between solvent and solute molecules, but in dependence on the amount of solute dissolved in a solution.
- 3. MOLALITY Molality is the number of moles of solute in 1 kg (1000 grams) of solvent .
- 4. Example Determine the molarity of solution that produce 3 grams urea in 200 grams water???? Answer : Mole of urea= 3 g/60 g mole -1 Mass of solvent= 200 g =0.2 kg m= n/p =0.05/0.2 =o.25 mol kg-1
- 5. example A total of 1.8 g of glucose, C6H12O6 dissolved in 100 grams of water (Ar C = 12, H = 1, O = 16). Determine the molality of the glucose solution!
- 6. Mole fraction Mole fraction (X) is ratio of the number of moles of solute or solvent to the number of moles of solution.
- 7. example In 100 grams of 20% urea solution contained 20 grams of urea and 80 grams of water. Determine the moles of urea fraction Answer: Mole of water= 80 g/18 g mole-1 = 4.44 mole Mole of urea = 20 g/60 g mole-1 = 0.33 Xurea = XB= 0.33/4.44+0.33= 0.069
- 8. example A total of 27.6 grams of ethanol C2H5OH dissolved in 54 grams of water (Ar C = 12, H = 1, O = 16). Calculate the mole fraction mole fraction of ethanol and water!
- 9. answer Mr.C2H5OH = 46 gr/mol Mr.H2O = 18 gr/mol n.C2H5OH = 27,6 gr/(46 gr/mol) n.H2O = 54 gr/(18 gr/mol) χ etanol = 0,6 mol/(0,6 mol + 3 mol)=0,167 χ Air = 3 mol/(0,6 mol + 3 mol) = 0,833
- 10. exercise 1. Determine the amount (grams) of NaOH must be dissolved in 1 liter of water (water = 1.00 g / mL) to obtain 0.25 m NaOH. 2. In 100 grams of 20% urea solution contained 20 grams of urea and 80 grams of water. Determine the moles of urea fraction.
- 11. Cont. 3. Determine the mole fraction of solute (Mr=60) in urea solution 10 % 4. Determine the percentage of urea in urea solution 1 m 5.Determine the mole fraction of 2 molal of urea solution
- 12. Remember !!!!!!!!!!!! Collect your assignment next week :D