The document discusses the cognitive approach in psychology. The cognitive approach focuses on how thought processes like memory, perception, and attention affect behavior. It views human behavior as a series of responses to internal and external stimuli, and attempts to create general rules to explain human behavior. A key idea is that if our mental representations or reasoning abilities are flawed, it can lead to disordered emotions and behavior. The cognitive approach has been applied in cognitive therapies and has empirical support, but it also has limitations like being reductionist and ignoring biological factors.