Smarter than ever, modern robots are capable of adapting to constantly changing conditions. The smart robot’s current drawback, however, is the massive amount of intelligence it needs to function correctly – resulting in complex machines and control systems – which is slowing down development cycles and hampering uptake in new sectors. Cloud robotics aims to overcome this challenge, bringing an increased level of flexibility into automated systems, and enabling automation everywhere.
4G/5G RAN architecture: how a split can make the differenceEricsson
Current RAN architecture is undergoing a transformation to increase deployment flexibility and network dynamicity, so that networks will be able to meet the performance requirements demanded by applications such as extreme mobile broadband and long-range massive MTC. To stop total cost of ownership from soaring, the proposed architecture will be software-configurable and split between general-purpose and specialized hardware, in a way that enables ideal placement of networks functions.
Evolving to an open C-RAN Architecture for 5Gkinsleyaniston
This white paper provides an assesment of the emerging C-RAN architecture with a focus on the practical evolitionary path that will take mobile operators from the distributed RANs of today to the fully-virtualized and open cloud RANs of future. For more details, please visit: https://www.fujitsu.com/us/products/network/products/smart-xhaul-solutions/index.html
Telefónica views on the design, architecture, and technology of 4G/5G Open RA...DESMOND YUEN
This whitepaper is a blueprint for developing an Open RAN solution. It provides an overview of the main
technology elements that Telefónica is developing
in collaboration with selected partners in the Open
RAN ecosystem.
It describes the architectural elements, design
criteria, technology choices, and key chipsets
employed to build a complete portfolio of radio
units and baseband equipment capable of a full
4G/5G RAN rollout in any market of interest.
This presentation will review the 5G market and use case needs and discuss how NG-PON2 is positioned to meet these requirements. Focus will be given to the different interface requirements based on emerging 5G standards and discuss where NG-PON2 will play a role in converged transport.
Presented by Michael Gronovius, Director Business Development, Ericsson
Open RAN Architecture including RU,DU and CU and Non and Near Real Time RAN Intelligence Controllers and SMO and new interfaces like A1,E2,O1 and O2 and Fronthaul interface are discussed and video is available on Youtube.
LTE networks get more mature and new terminals of different capabilities are being introduced. 3GPP just defined the new LTE-A UE categories to support terminals with peak data rates of up to 450 Mbps in the downlink. This white paper provides an overview of all existing LTE/LTE-A UE categories and presents the new Release 11 capabilities that have just been standardized. Furthermore it describes key scenarios and use cases such as the support for downlink carrier aggregation with 3 downlink carriers with up to 60 MHz of total bandwidth.
Accelerating our 5G future: a first look at 3GPP Rel-17 and beyondQualcomm Research
In December 2019, the scope of 3GPP Release 17 was decided in the Plenary meeting in Spain. This presentation outlines the details of this 3rd release of 5G standards.
Andy sutton - Multi-RAT mobile backhaul for Het-Netshmatthews1
At our 5th Telecoms Evangelist meet up Andy Sutton of EE gave a fantastic presentation reviewing the latest trends and developments in mobile backhaul architecture, strategy and technology. Starting with a review of backhaul capacity, performance requirements and protocol architecture, the presentation initially focused on the macro cell layer before going on to discuss options for evolving towards a true multi-layered heterogeneous network. Take a look!
4G/5G RAN architecture: how a split can make the differenceEricsson
Current RAN architecture is undergoing a transformation to increase deployment flexibility and network dynamicity, so that networks will be able to meet the performance requirements demanded by applications such as extreme mobile broadband and long-range massive MTC. To stop total cost of ownership from soaring, the proposed architecture will be software-configurable and split between general-purpose and specialized hardware, in a way that enables ideal placement of networks functions.
Evolving to an open C-RAN Architecture for 5Gkinsleyaniston
This white paper provides an assesment of the emerging C-RAN architecture with a focus on the practical evolitionary path that will take mobile operators from the distributed RANs of today to the fully-virtualized and open cloud RANs of future. For more details, please visit: https://www.fujitsu.com/us/products/network/products/smart-xhaul-solutions/index.html
Telefónica views on the design, architecture, and technology of 4G/5G Open RA...DESMOND YUEN
This whitepaper is a blueprint for developing an Open RAN solution. It provides an overview of the main
technology elements that Telefónica is developing
in collaboration with selected partners in the Open
RAN ecosystem.
It describes the architectural elements, design
criteria, technology choices, and key chipsets
employed to build a complete portfolio of radio
units and baseband equipment capable of a full
4G/5G RAN rollout in any market of interest.
This presentation will review the 5G market and use case needs and discuss how NG-PON2 is positioned to meet these requirements. Focus will be given to the different interface requirements based on emerging 5G standards and discuss where NG-PON2 will play a role in converged transport.
Presented by Michael Gronovius, Director Business Development, Ericsson
Open RAN Architecture including RU,DU and CU and Non and Near Real Time RAN Intelligence Controllers and SMO and new interfaces like A1,E2,O1 and O2 and Fronthaul interface are discussed and video is available on Youtube.
LTE networks get more mature and new terminals of different capabilities are being introduced. 3GPP just defined the new LTE-A UE categories to support terminals with peak data rates of up to 450 Mbps in the downlink. This white paper provides an overview of all existing LTE/LTE-A UE categories and presents the new Release 11 capabilities that have just been standardized. Furthermore it describes key scenarios and use cases such as the support for downlink carrier aggregation with 3 downlink carriers with up to 60 MHz of total bandwidth.
Accelerating our 5G future: a first look at 3GPP Rel-17 and beyondQualcomm Research
In December 2019, the scope of 3GPP Release 17 was decided in the Plenary meeting in Spain. This presentation outlines the details of this 3rd release of 5G standards.
Andy sutton - Multi-RAT mobile backhaul for Het-Netshmatthews1
At our 5th Telecoms Evangelist meet up Andy Sutton of EE gave a fantastic presentation reviewing the latest trends and developments in mobile backhaul architecture, strategy and technology. Starting with a review of backhaul capacity, performance requirements and protocol architecture, the presentation initially focused on the macro cell layer before going on to discuss options for evolving towards a true multi-layered heterogeneous network. Take a look!
This report describes the 5G requirements, use cases and technologies which are modelling the transformation of the core network and a roadmap how the 3GPP Evolve Packet Core can be modified to become the core for the 5G networks.
The SANDRA concept consists of the integration of complex and disparate communication media into a lean and coherent architecture that:
provides and manages seamless service coverage across all airspace domains and all aircraft classes
sustains growth in the service market and enables easy plug – in of future radio technologies through modularity and reconfigurability
is upgradeable, easy reconfigurable and radio technology independent
is distributed and instantiated into consistent ground – based and airborne sub – networks ensuring full interoperability.
SANDRA covers from RF and avionics components up to the middleware layer of the on – board network, assembled and integrated under the most stringent safety and security requirements. Ultimately, SANDRA pursues the architectural integration of aeronautical communication system using:
well – proven industry standards like IP, IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), DVB – S2, Inmarsat SwiftBroadBand
a set of common interfaces
standard network protocols having IPv6 as final unification point to enable a cost – efficient global and reliable provision of distributed services across all airspace domains and to all aircraft classes.
The SANDRA validation activity will show the ability of the proposed integrated architecture to easily reconfigure and adapt for the flexible implementation of new communication services.
3GPP Newsletter: Status 5G Architecture Study in 3GPP SA2Eiko Seidel
The System and Service Aspects – Architecture group (SA2) of 3GPP has a dedicated study item for the study of the next generation networks. It is expected that this work will form the basis of the system architecture for the future 5G networks. Within SA2 group, regular meetings and discussions are held to discuss the progress of this study item. NoMoR Research follows these activities. This report presents a condensed summary of the earlier mentioned study item, including the latest updates from the most recent meeting held in Vienna, Austria from 11th – 14th July, 2016.
White Paper: Dynamic TDD for LTE-a (eIMTA) and 5GEiko Seidel
LTE, which was originally designed with fixed FDD or TDD modes with little flexibility for varying the capacity split between uplink and downlink, is being augmented with features that allow for more flexible use of radio resources. One of these features is “enhanced Interference Mitigation and Traffic Adaptation” (eIMTA) which notably allows for very dynamic adaptation of the TDD pattern e.g. in response to varying capacity requirements in uplink and downlink. eIMTA was standardized in LTE-A Release 12 and eIMTA-like functionality is considered to be one of the key enablers for 5G technologies. The purpose of this paper therefore is to shed some light on eIMTA, its main characteristics and capabilities and to illustrate its behaviour by means of system-level simulations.
Setting off the 5G Advanced evolution with 3GPP Release 18Qualcomm Research
In December 2021, 3GPP has reached a consensus on the scope of 5G NR Release 18. This is a significant milestone marking the beginning of 5G Advanced — the second wave of wireless innovations that will fulfill the 5G vision. Release 18 will build on the solid foundation set by Releases 15, 16, and 17, and it sets the longer-term evolution direction of 5G and beyond. This release will encompass a wide range of new and enhancement projects, ranging from improved MIMO and application of AI/ML-enabled air interface to extended reality optimizations and broader IoT support.
Ericsson Technology Review: Distributed cloud - A key enabler of automotive a...Ericsson
Emerging use cases in industries where the first phases of the fourth industrial revolution are taking place, such as automotive and manufacturing, are creating new requirements for networks and clouds. At Ericsson, we believe that distributed cloud will be a key technology to support such use cases.
The latest Ericsson Technology Review article explains how distributed cloud technology exploits key features available in both 4G and 5G networks to enable a distributed execution environment for applications that ensures performance, short latency, high reliability and data locality. The flexibility of cloud computing is maintained at the same time that the complexity of the infrastructure is hidden, with application components placed in an optimal location that utilizes the key characteristics of distributed cloud.
BUILDING AN OPEN RAN ECOSYSTEM FOR EUROPEDESMOND YUEN
Five companies—Deutsche Telekom, Orange, Telecom Italia, Telefónica, and Vodafone—published a report outlining why they feel Europe as a whole is lagging behind other regions such as the U.S. and Japan in developing Open RAN. The companies point to both a lack of companies developing key components, notably silicon chips, for Open RAN technologies, as well as the need to get incumbent equipment vendors Ericsson and Nokia on board with Open RAN development.
3GPP LTE-A Standardisation in Release 12 and Beyond - Jan 2013 Eiko Seidel, C...Eiko Seidel
Quite some time ago major improvements have been made to LTE with LTE-Advanced as part of 3GPP Release 10. Unquestionably, LTE-A will be the leading global 4G standard fulfilling the defined ITU-R requirements [1] on IMT-Advanced such as peak data rates beyond 1Gbps. While further enhancements to LTE-Advanced have just been completed in 3GPP Release 11, the new technology trends become visible to serve the continuously growing traffic demand. This White Paper, based on Nomor’s attendance of 3GPP, provides an outlook on 3GPP standardisation for the forthcoming years. Besides a summary of general trends and a projected release schedule, it includes an overview of the work and study items of Release 12 in the Radio Working Groups. New key technologies that Release 12 will address are: Small Cell Enhancements, a New Carrier Type, 3D-MIMO Beamforming, Machine-Type-Communication, LTE-WiFi Integration at radio level and Public Safety incl. Device-to-Device communication. While the completion of Release 12 is expected mid of 2014, deployments might be seen around the end of 2015 and later. NoMoR is active in different related research projects and offers consultancy services for related research, standardisation, simulation, early prototyping and technology training.
3GPP Activity towards IMT-2020, G. Romano, TIM, Workshop on IMT-2020 Munich o...Eiko Seidel
IWP 5D host a workshop on IMT-2020 on Oct 4, 2017 in Munich, Germany. This presentation outlines the 3GPP activities towards a IMT-2020 submission to ITU.
Source: http://www.itu.int and http://www.3gpp.org
A Flexible Network Architecture for 5G SystemsEiko Seidel
In this paper, we define a flexible, adaptable, and programmable architecture for 5Gmobile networks, taking into consideration the requirements, KPIs, and the current gaps in the literature, based on three design fundamentals: (i) split of user and control plane, (ii) service-based architecturewithin the core network (in line with recent industry and standard consensus), and (iii) fully flexible support of E2E slicing via per-domain and cross-domain optimisation, devising inter-slice control and management functions, and refining the behavioural models via experiment-driven optimisation.The proposed architecture model further facilitates the
realisation of slices providing specific functionality, such as network resilience, security functions, and network elasticity. The proposed architecture consists of four different layers identified as network layer, controller layer, management and orchestration layer, and service layer. A key contribution of this paper is the definition of the role of each layer, the relationship between layers, and the identification of the required internal modules within each of the layers. In particular, the proposed architecture extends the reference architectures proposed in the Standards Developing Organisations like 3GPP and ETSI, by building on these while addressing several gaps identified within the corresponding baseline models. We additionally present findings, the design guidelines, and evaluation studies on a selected set of key concepts identified to enable flexible cloudification of the protocol stack, adaptive network slicing, and inter-slice control and management.
Towards achieving-high-performance-in-5g-mobile-packet-cores-user-plane-functionEiko Seidel
White Paper Intel SK Telekom
This paper presents the architecture for a user plane function (UPF) in the mobile packet core (MPC) targeting 5G deployments.
Future Thinking of Cloud and Connectivity - Commsday 2016Bevan Slattery
Presentation by Serial Entrepreneur, Bevan Slattery at Commsday Summit 2016 on Future Thinking around the future of data centres, cloud, connectivity both in the Australian marketplace and globally. Also presenting some "napkin maths" on the rise of 5G and what that means to the Australian marketplace the NBN
This report describes the 5G requirements, use cases and technologies which are modelling the transformation of the core network and a roadmap how the 3GPP Evolve Packet Core can be modified to become the core for the 5G networks.
The SANDRA concept consists of the integration of complex and disparate communication media into a lean and coherent architecture that:
provides and manages seamless service coverage across all airspace domains and all aircraft classes
sustains growth in the service market and enables easy plug – in of future radio technologies through modularity and reconfigurability
is upgradeable, easy reconfigurable and radio technology independent
is distributed and instantiated into consistent ground – based and airborne sub – networks ensuring full interoperability.
SANDRA covers from RF and avionics components up to the middleware layer of the on – board network, assembled and integrated under the most stringent safety and security requirements. Ultimately, SANDRA pursues the architectural integration of aeronautical communication system using:
well – proven industry standards like IP, IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), DVB – S2, Inmarsat SwiftBroadBand
a set of common interfaces
standard network protocols having IPv6 as final unification point to enable a cost – efficient global and reliable provision of distributed services across all airspace domains and to all aircraft classes.
The SANDRA validation activity will show the ability of the proposed integrated architecture to easily reconfigure and adapt for the flexible implementation of new communication services.
3GPP Newsletter: Status 5G Architecture Study in 3GPP SA2Eiko Seidel
The System and Service Aspects – Architecture group (SA2) of 3GPP has a dedicated study item for the study of the next generation networks. It is expected that this work will form the basis of the system architecture for the future 5G networks. Within SA2 group, regular meetings and discussions are held to discuss the progress of this study item. NoMoR Research follows these activities. This report presents a condensed summary of the earlier mentioned study item, including the latest updates from the most recent meeting held in Vienna, Austria from 11th – 14th July, 2016.
White Paper: Dynamic TDD for LTE-a (eIMTA) and 5GEiko Seidel
LTE, which was originally designed with fixed FDD or TDD modes with little flexibility for varying the capacity split between uplink and downlink, is being augmented with features that allow for more flexible use of radio resources. One of these features is “enhanced Interference Mitigation and Traffic Adaptation” (eIMTA) which notably allows for very dynamic adaptation of the TDD pattern e.g. in response to varying capacity requirements in uplink and downlink. eIMTA was standardized in LTE-A Release 12 and eIMTA-like functionality is considered to be one of the key enablers for 5G technologies. The purpose of this paper therefore is to shed some light on eIMTA, its main characteristics and capabilities and to illustrate its behaviour by means of system-level simulations.
Setting off the 5G Advanced evolution with 3GPP Release 18Qualcomm Research
In December 2021, 3GPP has reached a consensus on the scope of 5G NR Release 18. This is a significant milestone marking the beginning of 5G Advanced — the second wave of wireless innovations that will fulfill the 5G vision. Release 18 will build on the solid foundation set by Releases 15, 16, and 17, and it sets the longer-term evolution direction of 5G and beyond. This release will encompass a wide range of new and enhancement projects, ranging from improved MIMO and application of AI/ML-enabled air interface to extended reality optimizations and broader IoT support.
Ericsson Technology Review: Distributed cloud - A key enabler of automotive a...Ericsson
Emerging use cases in industries where the first phases of the fourth industrial revolution are taking place, such as automotive and manufacturing, are creating new requirements for networks and clouds. At Ericsson, we believe that distributed cloud will be a key technology to support such use cases.
The latest Ericsson Technology Review article explains how distributed cloud technology exploits key features available in both 4G and 5G networks to enable a distributed execution environment for applications that ensures performance, short latency, high reliability and data locality. The flexibility of cloud computing is maintained at the same time that the complexity of the infrastructure is hidden, with application components placed in an optimal location that utilizes the key characteristics of distributed cloud.
BUILDING AN OPEN RAN ECOSYSTEM FOR EUROPEDESMOND YUEN
Five companies—Deutsche Telekom, Orange, Telecom Italia, Telefónica, and Vodafone—published a report outlining why they feel Europe as a whole is lagging behind other regions such as the U.S. and Japan in developing Open RAN. The companies point to both a lack of companies developing key components, notably silicon chips, for Open RAN technologies, as well as the need to get incumbent equipment vendors Ericsson and Nokia on board with Open RAN development.
3GPP LTE-A Standardisation in Release 12 and Beyond - Jan 2013 Eiko Seidel, C...Eiko Seidel
Quite some time ago major improvements have been made to LTE with LTE-Advanced as part of 3GPP Release 10. Unquestionably, LTE-A will be the leading global 4G standard fulfilling the defined ITU-R requirements [1] on IMT-Advanced such as peak data rates beyond 1Gbps. While further enhancements to LTE-Advanced have just been completed in 3GPP Release 11, the new technology trends become visible to serve the continuously growing traffic demand. This White Paper, based on Nomor’s attendance of 3GPP, provides an outlook on 3GPP standardisation for the forthcoming years. Besides a summary of general trends and a projected release schedule, it includes an overview of the work and study items of Release 12 in the Radio Working Groups. New key technologies that Release 12 will address are: Small Cell Enhancements, a New Carrier Type, 3D-MIMO Beamforming, Machine-Type-Communication, LTE-WiFi Integration at radio level and Public Safety incl. Device-to-Device communication. While the completion of Release 12 is expected mid of 2014, deployments might be seen around the end of 2015 and later. NoMoR is active in different related research projects and offers consultancy services for related research, standardisation, simulation, early prototyping and technology training.
3GPP Activity towards IMT-2020, G. Romano, TIM, Workshop on IMT-2020 Munich o...Eiko Seidel
IWP 5D host a workshop on IMT-2020 on Oct 4, 2017 in Munich, Germany. This presentation outlines the 3GPP activities towards a IMT-2020 submission to ITU.
Source: http://www.itu.int and http://www.3gpp.org
A Flexible Network Architecture for 5G SystemsEiko Seidel
In this paper, we define a flexible, adaptable, and programmable architecture for 5Gmobile networks, taking into consideration the requirements, KPIs, and the current gaps in the literature, based on three design fundamentals: (i) split of user and control plane, (ii) service-based architecturewithin the core network (in line with recent industry and standard consensus), and (iii) fully flexible support of E2E slicing via per-domain and cross-domain optimisation, devising inter-slice control and management functions, and refining the behavioural models via experiment-driven optimisation.The proposed architecture model further facilitates the
realisation of slices providing specific functionality, such as network resilience, security functions, and network elasticity. The proposed architecture consists of four different layers identified as network layer, controller layer, management and orchestration layer, and service layer. A key contribution of this paper is the definition of the role of each layer, the relationship between layers, and the identification of the required internal modules within each of the layers. In particular, the proposed architecture extends the reference architectures proposed in the Standards Developing Organisations like 3GPP and ETSI, by building on these while addressing several gaps identified within the corresponding baseline models. We additionally present findings, the design guidelines, and evaluation studies on a selected set of key concepts identified to enable flexible cloudification of the protocol stack, adaptive network slicing, and inter-slice control and management.
Towards achieving-high-performance-in-5g-mobile-packet-cores-user-plane-functionEiko Seidel
White Paper Intel SK Telekom
This paper presents the architecture for a user plane function (UPF) in the mobile packet core (MPC) targeting 5G deployments.
Future Thinking of Cloud and Connectivity - Commsday 2016Bevan Slattery
Presentation by Serial Entrepreneur, Bevan Slattery at Commsday Summit 2016 on Future Thinking around the future of data centres, cloud, connectivity both in the Australian marketplace and globally. Also presenting some "napkin maths" on the rise of 5G and what that means to the Australian marketplace the NBN
Why 5th generation mobile wireless is a game changer. What is it? Why do we need it? And how will it affect us all? What are the implementation technology challenges and issues ahead?
Get up to date with the latest 5G knowledge.
The 80 page guide covers the following information and more:
5G mobile broadband objective
5G requirements
Air interfaces for high data rates
Future testing intruments
Introduction to the 5G waveform
Detailed analysis of FBMC waveforms
No one can predict unforeseen killer applications enabled by new wireless technologies (e.g., 5G network) beforehand. Looking back 20-year history of mobile wireless network, it has been very tough to prepare killer applications a prior to the emergence of new radio access technologies. NTT DOCOMO’s i-mode was not prepared for 2G always-on network., and invented after that. Smartphones with application markets became popular after the 3G network deployment, for which video conversation had been prepared a a killer service candidate and which didn’t make a success. 4G network brought us more capacity and low latency network, while youtube, hulu, Netflix, facebook messenger and others were natured by such a rich mobile communication environment with cloud platforms.
Everyone, nowadays, are talking about a buzz word “IoT” without having a solid idea for monetization. Such a bold discussion may mislead our radio access technology development to an unpromised land.
My recommendation is “Decide as late as possible, particularly for decisions that are irreversible.” According to software engineering terminology, it says also “late binding.” Don’t rush into a 10Gps broadband network nor a hyper low latency and 0% packet-loss assured network.
Having said that, the 5G beam forming radio technology (enabled by Massive MIMO) will bring a unique communication characteristics with a more reliable, higher capacity and 3D-positioning. My bet on 5G killer applications is “Night Golf” where you can play golf without seeing a ball which is being identified by the 5G radio. haha.
A presentation on Cloud RAN fronthaul, current deployment Options, benefits and challenges. This was presented in the
iJOIN Winter School "5G Cloud Technologies: Benefits and Challenges", Bremen, 2015-02-23
This presentation and demo show the hardware which consist of 5G UE’s, 5G radios, a fronthaul network and C-RAN with high density switches and servers, a transport network of 3 DWDM switches and a DC network of servers and high density switches. The basic software arrangement will be shown with emphasis on the structure of the orchestration and SDN controllers and the choice of virtualization components and logical networking. An eMBB slice will be brought up which will entail programming of the radios, the fronthaul, backhaul, a node B and the core. Its behavior will be noted through the test UE’s. An URRLC slice will be brought up and its nodeB and core will be demonstrated through its test UE’s showing extremely low latency. An MMTC slice will be brought up and a large number of test IOT devices will be demonstrated via the test UE’s. The eMBB slice will be augmented by programming a slice selection function that will create a ICN slice and an application (TBD) will be shown running over that ICN core (but with the eMBB slice). Spectrum will be reassigned from slice to slice and the changes noted as an optimizer recomputes the proper allocation of resources and executes it. Traffic will be increased and the changes in the backhaul over transport and core function placements will be noted. An additional demonstration will show creation of multiple 4G air interfaces using the same infrastructure network but with 4G radios and 4G UE’s using OAI software and ETTUS SDRs. A Skype session will be created between the two 4G slices. We will also try to show some of the EPC functions being moved while the UE sessions are not impacted.
Author : Peter Ashwood-Smith, Huawei Technologies
Presented at ITU-T Focus Group IMT-2020 Workshop and Demo Day, 7 December 2016.
More details on the event : http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/Workshops-and-Seminars/201612/Pages/Programme.aspx
Congresso Sociedade Brasileira de Computação CSBC2016 Porto Alegre (Brazil)
Workshop on Cloud Networks & Cloudscape Brazil
Sergio Takeo Kofuji, Assistant Professor at the University of São Paulo, Coordinator to FI WARE LAB in University of São Paulo, Brazil
The European Commission, in a recent communication (April 19th), has identified 5G and Internet of Things (IoT) amongst the ICT standardisation priorities for the Digital Single Market (DSM). This session will discuss the emergence of the mobile edge computing paradigm to reduce the latency for processing near the source large quantities of data and the need of the emerging 5G technology to satisfy the requirements of different verticals. Mobile Edge Clouds have the potential to provide an enormous amount of resources, but it raises several research challenges related to the resilience, security, data portability and usage due to the presence of multiple trusted domains, as well as energy consumption of battery powered devices. Large and centralized clouds have been deployed and have shown how this paradigm can greatly improve performance and flexibility while reducing costs. However, there are many issues requiring solutions that are user and context aware, dynamic, and with the capability to handle heterogeneous demands and systems. This is a challenge triggered by the Internet of Things (IoT) scenario, which strongly requires cloud-based solutions that can be dynamically located and managed, on demand and with self-organization capabilities to serve the purposes of different verticals.
With the components already introduced to the market, we are making the platform truly end-to-end by launching;
- The market’s first complete 5G radio system
- The first version of an E2E Core network capable of 5G use cases based on network slices
- A 5G core network which can now be connected to 5G NR radio
This enables already today some 5G use cases, for telecom operators to capture growth opportunities for 5G & Internet of Things services for Consumers & Enterprises.
2015 North Bridge Future of Cloud Computing Study, with Wikibon |Broadest exploration of cloud trends, cloud migration & evolution of the cloud computing sector. Survey participation was the largest to date and included responses from 38 countries. 50 collaborators supported the 5th Annual Future of Cloud Computing study, which reveals that cloud has become an accepted and integral technology. Furthermore, the study shows that despite deployment gaps among clouds, we should expect a future powered by hybrid cloud technologies. The question of whether companies are using the cloud has morphed to how deeply cloud adoption is integrated within the business. From the bottom to the top, all products and services will in some way be powered by the cloud making the promise of goods and services that have the potential to be better tomorrow than today. IT departments have reclaimed the reins on driving company technology strategy and cloud adoption as roles, skills and processes have shifted. Importantly, We’re also seeing the emergence of the cloud as the only way businesses can truly get more out of their data including analyzing and executing on it real-time. On the investment front, 2015 could tip the scale from private to public capital for SaaS companies.
Overview 5G Architecture Options from Deutsche TelekomEiko Seidel
At 3GPP RAN#72 5G Architecture discussion took place. This document lists all options that are under discussion.
Source: RP-161266 at RAN#72 Deutsche Telekom
3GPP Standards for the Internet-of-ThingsEiko Seidel
Presenation by 3GPP RAN3 Chairman - Philippe Reininger - at the IoT Business & Technologies Congress (November 30, in Singapore). Main topics are eMTC, NB-IOT and EC-GSM-IoT as completed in 3GPP Release 13 and enhanced in Release 14
Presented by Andy Sutton, Principal Network Architect - Chief Architect’s Office, TSO, BT at IET "Towards 5G Mobile Technology – Vision to Reality" seminar on 25th Jan 2017
Shared with permission
In this presentation, Srija introduces IoT and associated trends. Varsha's interest areas are in soft robotic automation that would improve speed, accuracy,consistency, quality and scalability in production.
The Technology that Will Invade Our Lives in 2023.pptxDesertcart UAE
Technology has had a significant impact on many aspects of life, both positively and negatively. Many latest technologies that are currently being developed and used in various industries.
Emerging Trend #2 | Artificial Intelligence, construction and operations of b...Leonard
Artificial Intelligence is questioning business models in all industries. It is opening promising new avenues for the future of the design, building and operations of buildings and mobility infrastructure. AI is also at the very heart of smart city and raises new issues in the governance of territories.
ROBOTS – NO LONGER TOOLS BUT CO-WORKERS - Techwave.pdfAnil
A machine capable of sharing workspace with humans and simultaneously working on the same workpiece represents the opening of a new industrial era. The collaborative robot’s age has begun.
Human robot technology collaboration (co bot)Sayantan Raha
Collaborative robots are also called cooperative robots or robotic assistants. A cobot intended for cooperation with humans does’t need to have strictly different design from standard industrial robots which are in conformity with safety standard ISO EN 10218.
Ericsson Technology Review: Spotlight on the Internet of ThingsEricsson
The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a fundamental cornerstone in the digitalization of both industry and society as a whole. It represents a huge opportunity not only in economic terms, but also from a global challenges perspective – making it easier for governments, non-governmental organizations and the private sector to address pressing food, energy, water and climate related issues.
5G and the IoT are closely intertwined. One of the biggest innovations within 5G is support for the IoT in all its forms, both by addressing mission criticality as well as making it possible to connect low-cost, long-battery-life sensors.
With this in mind, we decided to create a special issue of Ericsson Technology Review solely focused on IoT opportunities and challenges. I hope it provides you with valuable insights about the IoT-related opportunities available to your organization, along with ideas about how we can overcome the challenges ahead.
In the ever-evolving landscape of technology, robotic advancements are poised to revolutionize the way we live, work, and interact. Step into the future with Robat Technology, a cutting-edge innovation set to make a profound impact in 2023. With its wide range of applications, from healthcare to industrial automation and beyond, Robat promises to enhance efficiency, productivity, and safety on a whole new level. This groundbreaking technology encompasses intelligent machines capable of complex tasks, while seamlessly collaborating with humans..
Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays a crucial role in automating processes, managing complexity, scalability, and using information from distributed systems in real time.
Ericsson Technology Review, issue #2, 2016Ericsson
The latest issue of Ericsson Technology Review covers a wide range of topics including narrowband Internet of Things, the next-generation central office, telco-grade platform as a service, 4G/5G RAN architecture, and cloud robotics enabled by 5G. The feature story – Five trends shaping innovation in ICT – presents what I consider to be the major technology trends that will stimulate innovation in the coming year. Do you agree with me? I’d love to hear from you with any feedback you might have.
If I were to suggest one takeaway from all of the articles included in this issue, I would say it is speed. Device processing is getting faster, data speeds are constantly increasing and radio speeds are approaching those of fiber. More people are becoming subscribers, more things are becoming connected and more applications are running constantly. Developers of new technologies are working hard to enhance responsiveness by reducing latency, a key performance parameter. The capability to determine which functions can be virtualized to maximize ideal placement in the network and ensure low latency is one of the primary driving factors behind the proposed split of radio-access architecture discussed in this issue.
As always, I hope you find our stories relevant and inspiring.
Automation The Catalyst for Transformation in Semiconductor Manufacturing.pptxyieldWerx Semiconductor
Semiconductor manufacturing, a key player in the vast field of digital technology, is renowned for its meticulousness and requirement for utmost precision and consistency. Automation, infused with innovative technology, has become a catalyst for transformation within the sector. It has dramatically altered the way semiconductor manufacturing facilities, colloquially known as fabs, function and interact with the vast array of specialized machinery within their confines.
Understanding the IoT Connectivity Landscape – A Contemporary M2M Radio Techn...Ericsson
This article addresses the market-changing phenomenon of the Internet of Things (IoT), which relies on the underlying paradigm of machine-to-machine (M2M) communications to integrate a plethora of various sensors, actuators, and smart meters across a wide spectrum of businesses.
Ericsson Technology Review: Versatile Video Coding explained – the future of ...Ericsson
Continuous innovation in 5G networks is creating new opportunities for video-enabled services for both consumers and industries, particularly in areas such as the Internet of Things and the automotive sector. These new services are expected to rely on continued video evolution toward 8K resolutions and beyond, and on new strict requirements such as low end-to-end latency for video delivery.
The latest Ericsson Technology Review article explores recent developments in video compression technology and introduces Versatile Video Coding (VVC) – a significant improvement on existing video codecs that we think deserves to be widely deployed in the market. VVC has the potential both to enhance the user experience for existing video services and offer an appropriate performance level for new media services over 5G networks.
BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN PHYSICAL AND DIGITAL REALITIES
The key role that connectivity plays in our personal and professional lives has never been more obvious than it is today. Thankfully, despite the sudden, dramatic changes in our behavior earlier this year, networks all around the world have proven to be highly resilient. At Ericsson, we’re committed to ensuring that the network platform continues to improve its ability to meet the full range of societal needs as well as supporting enterprises to stay competitive in the long term. We know that greater agility and speed will be essential.
This issue of our magazine includes several articles that explain Ericsson’s approach to future network development, including my annual technology trends article. The seven trends on this year’s list serve as a critical cornerstone in the development of a common Ericsson vision of what future networks will provide, and what sort of technology evolution will be required to get there.
ERIK EKUDDEN
Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer and Head of Group Function Technology
Ericsson Technology Review: Integrated access and backhaul – a new type of wi...Ericsson
Today millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum is valued mainly because it can be used to achieve high speeds and capacities when combined with spectrum assets below 6GHz. But it can provide other benefits as well. For example, mmWave spectrum makes it possible to use a promising new wireless backhaul solution for 5G New Radio – integrated access and backhaul (IAB) – to densify networks with multi-band radio sites at street level.
This Ericsson Technology Review article explains the IAB concept at a high level, presenting its architecture and key characteristics, as well as examining its advantages and disadvantages compared with other backhaul technologies. It concludes with a presentation of the promising results of several simulations that tested IAB as a backhaul option for street sites in both urban and suburban areas.
Ericsson Technology Review: Critical IoT connectivity: Ideal for time-critica...Ericsson
Critical Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity is an emerging concept in IoT development that enables more efficient and innovative services across a wide range of industries by reliably meeting time-critical communication needs. Mobile network operators (MNOs) are in the perfect position to enable these types of time-critical services due to their ability to leverage advanced 5G networks in a systematic and cost-effective way.
This Ericsson Technology Review article explores the benefits of Critical IoT connectivity in areas such as industrial control, mobility automation, remote control and real-time media. It also provides an overview of key network technologies and architectures. It concludes with several case studies based on two deployment scenarios – wide area and local area – that illustrate how well suited 5G spectrum assets are for Critical IoT use cases.
5G New Radio has already evolved in important ways since the 3GPP standardized Release 15 in late 2018. The significant enhancements in Releases 16 and 17 are certain to play a critical role in expanding both the availability and the applicability of 5G NR in both industry and public services in the near future.
This Ericsson Technology Review article summarizes the most notable new developments in releases 16 and 17, grouped into two categories: enhancements to existing features and features that address new verticals and deployment scenarios. This analysis and our insights about the future beyond Release 17 is an important component of our work to help mobile network operators and other stakeholders better understand and plan for the many new 5G NR opportunities that are on the horizon.
Ericsson Technology Review: The future of cloud computing: Highly distributed...Ericsson
The growing interest in cloud computing scenarios that incorporate both distributed computing capabilities and heterogeneous hardware presents a significant opportunity for network operators. With a vast distributed system (the telco network) already in place, the telecom industry has a significant advantage in the transition toward distributed cloud computing.
This Ericsson Technology Review article explores the future of cloud computing from the perspective of network operators, examining how they can best manage the complexity of future cloud deployments and overcome the technical challenges. Redefining cloud to expose and optimize the use of heterogeneous resources is not straightforward, but we are confident that our use cases and proof points validate our approach and will gain traction both in the telecommunications community and beyond.
Ericsson Technology Review: Optimizing UICC modules for IoT applicationsEricsson
Commonly referred to as SIM cards, the universal integrated circuit cards (UICCs) used in all cellular devices today are in fact complex and powerful minicomputers capable of much more than most Internet of Things (IoT) applications require. Until a simpler and less costly alternative becomes available, action must be taken to ensure that the relatively high price of UICC modules does not hamper IoT growth.
This Ericsson Technology Review article presents two mid-term approaches. The first is to make use of techniques that reduce the complexity of using UICCs in IoT applications, while the second is to use the UICCs’ excess capacity for additional value generation. Those who wish to exploit the potential of the UICCs to better support IoT applications have the opportunity to use them as cryptographic storage, to run higher-layer protocol stacks and/or as supervisory entities, for example.
Mobile data traffic volumes are expected to increase by a factor of four by 2025, and 45 percent of that traffic will be carried by 5G networks. To deliver on customer expectations in this rapidly changing environment, communication service providers must overcome challenges in three key areas: building sufficient capacity, resolving operational inefficiencies through automation and artificial intelligence, and improving service differentiation. This issue of ETR magazine provides insights about how to tackle all three.
Ericsson Technology Review: 5G BSS: Evolving BSS to fit the 5G economyEricsson
The 5G network evolution has opened up an abundance of new business opportunities for communication service providers (CSPs) in verticals such as industrial automation, security, health care and automotive. In order to successfully capitalize on them, CSPs must have business support systems (BSS) that are evolved to manage complex value chains and support new business models. Optimized information models and a high degree of automation are required to handle huge numbers of devices through open interfaces.
This Ericsson Technology Review article explains how 5G-evolved BSS can help CSPs transform themselves from traditional network developers to service enablers for 5G and the Internet of Things, and ultimately to service creators with the ability to collaborate beyond telecoms and establish lucrative digital value systems.
Ericsson Technology Review: 5G migration strategy from EPS to 5G systemEricsson
For many operators, the introduction of the 5G System (5GS) to provide wide-area services in existing Evolved Packet System (EPS) deployments is a necessary step toward creating a full-service, future-proof 5GS in the longer term. The creation of a combined 4G-5G network requires careful planning and a holistic strategy, as the introduction of 5GS has significant impacts across all network domains, including the RAN, packet core, user data and policies, and services, as well as affecting devices and backend systems.
This Ericsson Technology Review article provides an overview of all the aspects that operators need to consider when putting together a robust EPS-to-5GS migration strategy and provides guidance about how they can adapt the transition to address their particular needs per domain.
Ericsson Technology Review: Creating the next-generation edge-cloud ecosystemEricsson
The surge in data volume that will come from the massive number of devices enabled by 5G has made edge computing more important than ever before. Beyond its abilities to reduce network traffic and improve user experience, edge computing will also play a critical role in enabling use cases for ultra-reliable low-latency communication in industrial manufacturing and a variety of other sectors.
This Ericsson Technology Review article explores the topic of how to deliver distributed edge computing solutions that can host different kinds of platforms and applications and provide a high level of flexibility for application developers. Rather than building a new application ecosystem and platform, we strongly recommend reusing industrialized and proven capabilities, utilizing the momentum created with Cloud Native Computing Foundation, and ensuring backward compatibility.
The rise of the innovation platform
Society and industry are transforming at an unprecedented rate. At the same time, the network platform is emerging as an innovation platform with the potential to offer all the connectivity, processing, storage and security needed by current and future applications. In my 2019 trends article, featured in this issue of Ericsson Technology Review, I share my view of the future network platform in relation to six key technology trends.
This issue of the magazine also addresses critical topics such as trust enablement, the extension of computing resources all the way to the edge of the mobile network, the growing impact of the cloud in the telco domain, overcoming latency and battery consumption challenges, and the need for end-to-end connectivity. I hope it provides you with valuable insights about how to overcome the challenges ahead and take full advantage of new opportunities.
Ericsson Technology Review: Driving transformation in the automotive and road...Ericsson
A variety of automotive and transport services that require cellular connectivity are already in commercial operation today, and many more are yet to come. Among other things, these services will improve road safety and traffic efficiency, saving lives and helping to reduce the emissions that contribute to climate change. At Ericsson, we believe that the best way to address the growing connectivity needs of this industry sector is through a common network solution, as opposed to taking a single-segment silo approach.
The latest Ericsson Technology Review article explains how the ongoing rollout of 5G provides a cost-efficient and feature-rich foundation for a horizontal multiservice network that can meet the connectivity needs of the automotive and transport ecosystem. It also outlines the key challenges and presents potential solutions.
This presentation explains the importance of SD-WAN technology as part of the Enterprise digital transformation strategy. It goes over the first wave of SD-WAN in a single vendor deployment, with Do-it-yourself (DIY) as the preferred model. Then continues with the importance of orchestration in the second wave of SD-WAN deployments in a multi-vendor ecosystem, turning to SD-WAN Managed Services as the preferred model. It ends up with some examples of use cases and the Verizon customer case. More information on Ericsson Dynamic orchestration - http://m.eric.sn/6rsZ30psKLu
Ericsson Technology Review: 5G-TSN integration meets networking requirements ...Ericsson
Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is becoming the standard Ethernet-based technology for converged networks of Industry 4.0. Understanding the importance and relevance of TSN features, as well as the capabilities that allow 5G to achieve wireless deterministic and time-sensitive communication, is essential to industrial automation in the future.
The latest Ericsson Technology Review article explains how TSN is an enabler of Industry 4.0, and that together with 5G URLLC capabilities, the two key technologies can be combined and integrated to provide deterministic connectivity end to end. It also discusses TSN standards and the value of the TSN toolbox for next generation industrial automation networks.
Ericsson Technology Review: Meeting 5G latency requirements with inactive stateEricsson
Low latency communication and minimal battery consumption are key requirements of many 5G and IoT use cases, including smart transport and critical control of remote devices. Thanks to Ericsson’s 4G/5G research activities and lessons learned from legacy networks, we have identified solutions that address both of these requirements by reducing the amount of signaling required during state transitions, and shared our discoveries with the 3GPP.
This Ericsson Technology Review article explains the why and how behind the new Radio Resource Control (RRC) state model in the standalone version of the 5G New Radio standard, which features a new, Ericsson-developed state called inactive. On top of overcoming latency and battery consumption challenges, the new state also increases overall system capacity by decreasing the processing effort in the network.
Ericsson Technology Review: Cloud-native application design in the telecom do...Ericsson
Cloud-native application design is set to become standard practice in the telecom industry in the near future due to the major efficiency gains it can provide, particularly in terms of speeding up software upgrades and releases. At Ericsson, we have been actively exploring the potential of cloud-native computing in the telecom industry since we joined the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) a few years ago.
This Ericsson Technology Review article explains the opportunities that CNCF technology has enabled, as well as unveiling key aspects of our application development framework, which is designed to help navigate the transition to a cloud-native approach. It also discusses the challenges that the large-scale reuse of open-source technology can raise, along with key strategies for how to mitigate them.
Ericsson Technology Review: Service exposure: a critical capability in a 5G w...Ericsson
To meet the requirements of use cases in areas such as the Internet of Things, AR/VR, Industry 4.0 and the automotive sector, operators need to be able to provide computing resources across the whole telco domain – all the way to the edge of the mobile network. Service exposure and APIs will play a key role in creating solutions that are both effective and cost efficient.
The latest Ericsson Technology Review article explores recent advances in the service exposure area that have resulted from the move toward 5G and the adoption of cloud-native principles, as well as the combination of Service-based Architecture, microservices and container technologies. It includes examples that illustrate how service exposure can be deployed in a multitude of locations, each with a different set of requirements that drive modularity and configurability needs.
Ericsson Technology Review - Issue 1, 2019Ericsson
Our participation at MWC in Barcelona this year revealed that a steadily growing number of mobile network operators and representatives from various industries are keen to explore the myriad of new opportunities that 5G represents for their businesses. In particular, we found that many are curious to learn more about the role of 5G in Industry 4.0 and other industry transformations, where it enables manufacturing companies leverage automation and data exchange technologies that require seamless communication across industrial processes.
Fittingly, the feature article in this issue of the magazine explains how 5G can be used most effectively in the fully-connected factories of the future. We also have excellent articles about the role of distributed cloud in supporting emerging industrial use cases, the necessity of business support systems that can handle IoT use cases, and important technology choices to consider in the design of massive IoT devices. Last but not least, we have included two articles that provide expert guidance regarding two key aspects of 5G deployment.
Feel free to share links to the magazine and/or individual articles with your colleagues and other contacts via e-mail or social media. Happy reading!
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...
Cloud robotics: 5G paves the way for mass-market automation
1. AUTOMATION EVERYWHERE ✱
JUNE 28, 2016 ✱ ERICSSON TECHNOLOGY REVIEW 1
ERICSSON
TECHNOLOGY
5GCloud
network
host
DC
C H A R T I N G T H E F U T U R E O F I N N O V A T I O N V O L U M E 9 3 | # 5 ∙ 2 0 1 6
CLOUDROBOTICS:
5GPAVESTHEWAY
FORMASS-MARKET
AUTOMATION
2. ✱ AUTOMATION EVERYWHERE
2 ERICSSON TECHNOLOGY REVIEW ✱ JUNE 28, 2016
MARZIO PULERI
ROBERTO SABELLA
AFIF OSSEIRAN
Robots, robotics, and system automation have shifted from the floor of the
research lab to becoming a crucial cost, time, and energy-saving element of
modern industry. Smart robots and their control systems have enabled entire
processes, like vehicle assembly, to be carried out automatically. By adding
mobility to the mix, the possibilities to include system automation in almost any
process in almost any industry increase dramatically. But there is a challenge.
How do you build smart robotic systems that are affordable? The answer:
cloud robotics enabled by 5G.
t h e i m pa c t o f r o b o t s a n d
r o b o t i c s has been greatest in the
manufacturing industry, particularly
on assembly lines and in hazardous
environments. Traditionally, robots have been
designed to perform repetitive pick-and-place
tasks, to carry out operations that require
a high degree of precision, as well as doing
hazardous jobs like welding and cutting. But
things are changing… Robots are beginning to
appear in all industries, and are being used to
carry out a wide variety of tasks.
Smarterthanever,modernrobotsarecapable
ofadaptingtochangingconditions.Thecurrent
drawbackofthesmartrobot,however,isthemassive
amountofintelligenceitneedstofunctioncorrectly
—resultingincomplexmachinesandcontrol
systems.Coupledwiththefactthatsmartrobots
tendtobebuiltwithallthehardwareandsoftware
theyneed,theseautomatonstendtobecostly—a
factorthatisslowingdowndevelopmentcyclesand
hamperinguptakeinnewsectors.
Cloudroboticsaimstochangethisbyputting
systemsintelligenceinthecloudandsimplified
roboticsontheground.
Withinthismodel,mobiletechnologyplays
5G PAVES THE WAY FOR
MASS-MARKET AUTOMATION
Cloud robotics
3. AUTOMATION EVERYWHERE ✱
JUNE 28, 2016 ✱ ERICSSON TECHNOLOGY REVIEW 3
thekeyenablerrole—connectingthecloud-
basedsystemtotherobotsandcontrollersina
system.And,itishigh-performancemobilitythat
willprovidethelatencyandbandwidthneeded
tosupportsystemstabilityandinformation
exchange,whichinturnfacilitatesthebuildingof
sophisticated,yetaffordable,roboticsystems.
Withinmobile,radiotechnologieswillprovide
thewantedlevelofperformance,andsoitisthe
capabilitiesof4Gand5Gradiosystemsthatwill
enable5Gcloudroboticsandfacilitatetheuptakeof
roboticsinnewapplications.
Leadingindustries
Naturally,manufacturingisoneoftheindustries
takingtheleadwhenitcomestocloudrobotics,
butotherssectorslikehealthcare,transportation,
andconsumerservicesareamongtheforerunners
contributingtotheevolutionofrobotics.
Inmanufacturing,cloudroboticswillimprove
theperformanceofaproductionplant,for
example,throughpreventivemaintenance,and
supportadvancedleanmanufacturing.Bystoring
intelligenceinthecloud,itispossibletoincreasethe
levelofautomationofasystem,regulateon-the-fly
processes,andpreventmalfunctionandfaults.
Inthehealthcaresectoremergingapplications
includerobot-assistedremotepatientcare,
automationandoptimizationofhospitallogistics,
andcloud-basedmedicalservicerobots.Asisthe
caseinmostindustries,initialsolutionswilltake
careofsimpletasks,withdevelopmentleadingto
morecomplexanddemandingapplications,suchas
remotesurgery,furtherdowntheline.
Driver-assisted,autonomous,andsemi-
autonomousvehicles,automatictransportation
forthedisabled,andunmanneddeliveryservices
arejustsomeoftheemergingapplicationsin
transportation.Andinconsumerservices,domestic
robots,automatedwheelchairs,personalmobility
assistants,andleisurerobotsexemplifythetypesof
solutionsonthedesigntable.
TheIoTandthefourthindustrialrevolution
Whilesomeindustriesmightbeleading
development,allsectorshaveaparttoplayinthe
evolutionofcloudrobotics,astheydeployrobotsto
carryoutawidevarietyoftasks[1].Herearejusta
fewexamples:
〉〉 farming:spraying,fertilizing,harvesting,andmilking
〉〉 construction:assembly,dispensing,laying,
andwelding
〉〉 utilities:remotecontrol,inspection,andrepair
AsakeyelementoftheIoTandanenablerofthe
fourthindustrialrevolution,roboticsandrobots
willvarygreatlyintermsofapplication,agility,
complexity,cost,andtechnicalcapability.But
most—ifnotall—robotswillrequirewireless
connectivitytothecloudandwideranalytics
ecosystem[2].
Ofalltheindustriesthatwillshaperobotics,
industrialIoTisexpectedtohavethegreatest
impactintheshortterm.Andso,tobestexemplify
4G AND 5G RADIO
SYSTEMS WILL ENABLE CLOUD
ROBOTICS AND FACILITATE THE
UPTAKE OF ROBOTICS IN NEW
APPLICATIONS
Terms and abbreviations
AMCL — Adaptive Monte Carlo Localization | CAN — controller area network | COTS — commercial off-the-shelf |
DWA — dynamic window approach | NAT — network address translation | ROS — robot operating system |
UGV — unmanned ground vehicle | VM — virtual machine
4. ✱ AUTOMATION EVERYWHERE
4 ERICSSON TECHNOLOGY REVIEW ✱ JUNE 28, 2016
Infrastructure and
upgrading costs
Minimal cabling and
infrastructure adaptations
5G
Real-time automation Ultra-low latency communications
Safety-critical systems Ultra-high availability and reliability
Mobilecapabilities
Criticalfactors
Figure 1:
Mobile connectivity
offers flexibility
7. AUTOMATION EVERYWHERE ✱
JUNE 28, 2016 ✱ ERICSSON TECHNOLOGY REVIEW 7
offeredby4G,5G,andWi-Fi solutionsinterms
ofbandwidthandlatencythatwillenablerobot
controlfunctionalitiestobetransferredtothecloud.
4G and5G solutionsaremoreadvantageousthan
Wi-Fi,astheyarelesssensitivetointerference
causedbyinfrastructureandothermachines,and
provideseamlesshandover,ensuringcontinuous
connectivityforrobotsastheymovebetweencells.
Theprimarylinkcharacteristicthatdetermines
thestabilityofrobotcontrolislatency,andsofor
mostusecases,4G isagoodstartingpointtoprovide
connectivity.Butas5G supportsawiderrangeof
requirementsincludingsub-millisecondlatency,it
willfulfillboththebandwidthandlatencyneedsthat
applicationslikeremote-controlroboticsdemand.
Sub-millisecondlatencyisneededwhentouchor
force(hapticcontrol)sensorsareusedtomaintain
controloverrobotmovement.Scenariosthatrequire
visualfeedbackneedaround-triplatencyofupto
10ms—dependingonthetaskbeingperformed—
whereasround-triptimesofupto100msaregood
enoughtomaintaincontrolofarobotasitmoves
fromoneplacetoanother.Suchresponsetimes
implyhighbandwidthavailability,eventhough
manyremoteapplications—withtheexception
ofthosethatrelyoncontrolwithHDcamerasand
stereoscopics—oftenneedtotransferonlysmall
amountsofdatainordertofunction.Transferring
sensorandcommanddatausuallyrequiresseveral
tenstoa100kbps.
Cloudintelligence
Ideally,smartsrobotsneedhigh-performance,
low-costcomputingcapabilities.Tosatisfythis
need,cloudroboticsdesignisbasedontheuseof
automatonswithaminimalsetofcontrols,sensors,
andactuators,withsystemintelligenceplacedin
thecloud,wherecomputingcapacityisunlimited.
Andwhileproperradioconnectivitycansatisfy
latencyandbandwidthdemands,careneedstobe
takenwithdistributionandmanagementofservices.
AsshowninFigure2,remote-controlusecases
shouldbedistributedamongafewremotecloud
datacenters,eachdedicatedtoaspecifictask—all
Smart facility
managing service
Cloud management
service
Cloud
network
host
host
Robot navigation
service
Robot
Robot data
processing service
Remote
controlData center
Figure 2:
An example cloud
architecture
8. ✱ AUTOMATION EVERYWHERE
8 ERICSSON TECHNOLOGY REVIEW ✱ JUNE 28, 2016
USB
CAN bus CAN bus
Serial port
USB
USB
4G module
Control board
Miniature
PC
Brushless driver
Left motor
Brushless driver
Right motor
Wi-Fi
module
Laser
rangefinder
Figure 4:
UGV architecture
Smart facility
managing service
Cloud management
service
Work cell 2
Work cell 1 Warehouse
Cloud
network
host
host
Robot 1
Robot 2Robot navigation
service
Robot
Robot data
processing service
Data center
Two possible routes:
clockwise and
counter-clockwise
Collision avoidance
in real time
Remote
control
Figure 3:
Logistics in a warehouse
11. AUTOMATION EVERYWHERE ✱
JUNE 28, 2016 ✱ ERICSSON TECHNOLOGY REVIEW 11
Work
cell 2
Work
cell 2
Work
cell 1
Work
cell 1
Ware-
house
Ware-
house
Robot 1
Robot 1
Loading
Unloading
UnloadingRobot moves awayRobot moves away
Loading
Obstacle
Obstacle
Rerouting
Traffic
light
Traffic
light
Figure 5:
Tests for warehouse logistics
Figure 6:
Test bed in Peccioli, Italy
12. ✱ AUTOMATION EVERYWHERE
12 ERICSSON TECHNOLOGY REVIEW ✱ JUNE 28, 2016
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to acknowledge: Sandor Albrecht, Åsa Degermark, Marika Stålnacke, Rowan Högman, Harald
Kallin, and other colleagues for helping us create the demo at MWC 2016.
References:
1. Ericsson, 2015, Ericsson Business Review, Manufacturing reengineered: robots, 5G and the Industrial
IoT, available at: https://www.ericsson.com/res/thecompany/docs/publications/business-review/2015/
ebr-issue4-2015-industrial-iot.pdf
2. Ericsson, 2015, Ericsson Technology Review, Industrial remote operation: 5G rises to the challenge,
available at:
http://www.ericsson.com/res/thecompany/docs/publications/ericsson_review/2015/etr-5g-remote-control.pdf
3. BAE Systems, 2008, Remote Operation of the Black Knight Unmanned Ground Combat Vehicle,
available at: http://www.nrec.ri.cmu.edu/projects/black_knight/tech/spie_bk_final.pdf
4. ICRA, 2009, ROS: an open-source Robot Operating System, available at: https://www.willowgarage.com/
sites/default/files/icraoss09-ROS.pdf
5. AAAI/IAAI, 1999, Monte Carlo Localization: Efficient Position Estimation for Mobile Robots, available at:
http://robots.stanford.edu/papers/fox.aaai99.pdf
6. IEEE, 1997, Robotics & Automation Magazine, The dynamic window approach to collision avoidance,
abstract available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/100.580977
accordancewithrequestssentbythemanagement
service.Thesecondcloud-basedprocessperformed
theinversekinematictransformationstotranslate
Cartesiancoordinatesintojointcoordinates.The
thirdprocess,placedonaPCclosetotherobot,
locallycontrolledthemovementsoftherobot’sjoints
atalowlevel.Withround-triplatencyof40ms,the
actionsoftherobotswerestable—shorterlatency
wasnotneededastheactionsinvolvedinthetrial
werepick-and-place.Thecoordinationofrobotsby
themanagementservicewasnotaffectedbylatency
intheseoperatingconditionseither.Theonlyvisible
effectwasamoderateslowingdownofoperations.
Conclusions
Theinterestincloudroboticsisontherise.Its
initialimpactisalreadybecomingapparentin
manufacturing,agriculture,andtransportation,
andinscenarioswherelogisticscanbeoptimized—
suchasharborsandhospitals—anditislikelythat
domesticapplicationswillsoonexperienceashiftin
theevolutionofhome-helprobots.
Therisinglevelofintelligenceinrobotsallows
themtoadapttochangingconditions,whichis
positivefordevelopment,butsignificantlyincreases
theircomplexity.Byinsteadconnectingrobotsand
placingthiscomplexity(intelligence)inacloud,
affordableminimal-infrastructuresmartrobot
systemswithunlimitedcomputingcapacitywill
evolve.Attheoutset,4G systemsandWi-Fi willbe
usedtoprovidecloudroboticswiththenecessary
connectivity,but5G isthetargettechnologytruly
capableofdeliveringtheperformanceneededto
supporttheapplicationsofthefuture.
Whilecloudroboticsmaystillbeinitsearlystages
ofdevelopment,thisarticlehasoutlinedaproposed
architectureforcloudroboticsthatreliesonmobile
connectivity.Thisarchitecturehasbeentrialed,
provingthattheconceptisviable,settingthedirection
foradvancedcloud-basedroboticsystems.
13. AUTOMATION EVERYWHERE ✱
JUNE 28, 2016 ✱ ERICSSON TECHNOLOGY REVIEW 13
Marzio Puleri
◆ is a senior researcher
at Ericsson Research in
Italy. He joined Ericsson
in 1993, working on
microelectronics and a
number of communication
technologies. He is currently
working on cloud robotics
and radio beamforming.
Before joining Research,
he was system manager
and technical coordinator
of microwave and packet
switching systems. He
holds an M.Sc. in electronic
engineering from the
Sapienza University of
Rome, Italy.
https://www.linkedin.com/
in/marzio-puleri-92b6568
Roberto Sabella
◆ is the manager of the
Italian branch of Ericsson
Research. He is the Ericsson
reference person for the
5G for Italy initiative and
holds the Presidency of
the Tuscany Technology
District on ICT. His expertise
covers several areas of
telecom networks, including
packet-optical transport,
optical solutions for mobile
backhaul and fronthaul,
and photonics technologies
for radio and data centers.
He has authored over 100
papers for international
journals, magazines,
and conferences, as
well as books on optical
communications, and holds
more than 30 patents.
He has served as adjunct
professor of telecom
systems at the Sapienza
University of Rome, Italy.
He is a senior member of
IEEE. He holds a D.Eng. in
electronic engineering from
the Sapienza University of
Rome, Italy.
https://www.linkedin.com/
in/roberto-sabella-2054732
Afif Osseiran
◆ is the director of
radio communications
at the Ericsson CTO
office. He holds a Ph.D.
in radio communcation
systems from KTH Royal
Institute of Technology,
Stockholm, Sweden, an
M.Sc. in electrical and
communication engineering
from Polytechnique
Montréal, Canada, and
a Masters in electrical
engineering from INSA
Rennes, France. Since
joining Ericsson in 1999, he
has held several positions,
including management of
METIS, the EU 5G flagship
project. He has published
over 50 technical papers
for conferences and
international journals , has
co-authored a book on
5G and two books on IMT-
Advanced. Osseiran is a
senior member of IEEE.
https://www.linkedin.com/
in/afifosseiran
theauthors